Question 1

As compared to acute diseases, chronic diseases ______.
A) more often begin asymptomatically
B) develop more rapidly
C) do not last as long
D) more often have a single cause

Accepted Answer

Chronic diseases often begin asymptomatically and may take years to develop symptoms, whereas acute diseases typically have more immediate and severe symptoms. Chronic diseases also usually last for an extended period of time or may be lifelong, whereas acute diseases usually resolve within a shorter timeframe. Chronic diseases may have multiple causes and be influenced by various factors, making treatment and management more complex.

Question 2

As compared to its prevalence among European Americans, the prevalence of chronic disease among African American and Latinx people is ______.
A) lower
B) about the same
C) about 25-35% higher
D) about 65-75% higher

Accepted Answer

D

Question 3

Ezzie is HIV+ and is experiencing suicidal ideation. Ezzie is not alone; one in ______ of those diagnosed with HIV has contemplated suicide.
A) eight
B) five
C) four
D) three

Accepted Answer

One in four of those diagnosed with HIV has contemplated suicide, highlighting the significant mental health challenges faced by individuals living with this condition.

Question 4

Maranda and Gupta (2016) found that children with diabetes who reported caring for one or more pets at home were 2.5 times more likely to have control over their glucose levels than those who did not care for a pet. This result MOST likely reflects ______ research.
A) archival
B) case study
C) experimental
D) survey

Accepted Answer

The result most likely reflects survey research, as it involves collecting self-reported data from individuals (in this case, children with diabetes) about their behaviors (caring for pets) and outcomes (control over glucose levels). This type of research often relies on questionnaires or interviews, which is indicative of survey research methodology.

Question 5

Because Kai's illness is one of the MOST common chronic diseases experienced during childhood, there is a fair amount of online and real-life support for caregivers and families, even though there is no cure for it. Based on this information, Kai MOST likely suffers from ______.
A) typhoid fever
B) nephitis
C) multiple sclerosis
D) cystic fibrosis

Accepted Answer

The statement mentions that Kai's illness is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood, and there is support available for caregivers and families, but there is no cure. Cystic fibrosis is a common chronic disease in childhood that has no cure and is often managed with support from healthcare professionals and support groups. Typhoid fever and nephritis are acute illnesses, and multiple sclerosis is a rare disease that typically occurs later in life.

Question 6

Collins and colleagues (2001) found that, as a rough approximation, about ______ of 3,000 people diagnosed with HIV made positive health changes following the diagnosis, such as quitting smoking, increasing exercise, or improving one's diet.
A) 25%
B) 35%
C) 50%
D) 75%

Accepted Answer

Collins and colleagues (2001) found that approximately 50% of people diagnosed with HIV made positive health changes following the diagnosis, such as quitting smoking, increasing exercise, or improving their diet. This suggests that a diagnosis of a serious illness may provide a teachable moment for individuals to improve their health behaviors.

Question 7

If one extrapolated an age trend mentioned in the textbook, one would estimate the risk of Alzheimer's disease at age 80 as ______.
A) 40%
B) 50%
C) 70%
D) 80%

Accepted Answer

The answer of If one extrapolated an age trend mentioned...

Question 8

Cotton and colleagues have found that ______ of adults diagnosed with HIV report that the condition has strengthened their faith.
A) 50%
B) 65%
C) 75%
D) 90%

Accepted Answer

According to the passage, Cotton and colleagues found that 75% of adults diagnosed with HIV report that the condition has strengthened their faith.

Question 9

According to the textbook, more than ______ of those with diabetes have some type of sexual dysfunction.
A) 65%
B) 75%
C) 80%
D) 90%

Accepted Answer

More than 65% of those with diabetes have some type of sexual dysfunction.

Question 10

Chronic diseases constitute ______ of the top 10 causes of death.
A) some
B) half
C) most
D) all

Accepted Answer

Chronic diseases constitute most of the top 10 causes of death worldwide, including conditions such as heart disease, cancer, and diabetes.

Question 11

Alex has trouble keeping his balance. His tremors and occasional weakness are making it difficult for him to accomplish routine tasks and complete the activities of daily living. Alex is MOST likely to be diagnosed with ______.
A) epilepsy
B) cystic fibrosis
C) Parkinson's disease
D) nephitis

Accepted Answer

Parkinson's disease is a progressive disorder of the nervous system that affects movement. It often results in tremors, difficulty with coordination and balance, and muscle weakness. Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by seizures, cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder affecting the respiratory and digestive systems, and nephitis is inflammation of the kidneys.

Question 12

A medical research foundation is determining its priorities for funding. One of the directors advises the board that just over ______ cents of every health care dollar is spent on chronic diseases.
A) 65
B) 75
C) 85
D) 95

Accepted Answer

Chronic diseases are a major expense in healthcare, accounting for approximately 85 cents of every healthcare dollar spent. This high cost reflects the ongoing, long-term nature of these conditions and their associated healthcare needs.

Question 13

Dr. Gifford is an environmental psychologist. She is collaborating with Dr. Clarke, a health psychologist. Gifford and Clarke should find a(n) ______ correlation between scores on measures of census tracts' walkability and the prevalence of diabetes in those tracts. Higher scores on the walkability measure indicate that a census tract is more walkable.
A) negligible
B) negative
C) positive
D) variable

Accepted Answer

A negative correlation is expected, as higher walkability should lead to more walking and therefore potentially lower rates of diabetes in the census tracts studied.

Question 14

Which disease is NOT in the arthritis "family?"
A) gout
B) nephitis
C) lupus
D) fibromyalgia

Accepted Answer

Nephritis is not in the arthritis family. It is a kidney disorder, while gout, lupus, and fibromyalgia are all types of arthritis.

Question 15

Which emotion-focused coping strategy is correctly identified as generally positive or negative?
A) distancing--negative
B) positive reappraisal--negative
C) religious beliefs--negative
D) avoidance--positive

Accepted Answer

Distancing, which involves emotionally detaching oneself from a stressful situation, is generally considered a negative coping strategy because it can lead to avoidance behaviors and prevent individuals from addressing and resolving the underlying issues causing stress.

Question 16

People with chronic diseases are especially likely to hide their condition from others if the disease is stigmatized. Stigmatized conditions include AIDS and ______.
A) epilepsy
B) multiple sclerosis
C) Parkinson's disease
D) diabetes

Accepted Answer

AIDS is widely stigmatized due to misconceptions and fear surrounding the disease, leading many individuals to hide their diagnosis. While epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and diabetes may also be stigmatized to some extent, they are generally not as socially stigmatized as AIDS.

Question 17

Cassileth and colleagues (1984).found that after about ______month(s) postdiagnosis, there is no differences in depression rates between healthy people and those with various chronic illnesses.
A) 1
B) 3
C) 6
D) 12

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cassileth and colleagues (1984).found that after about...

Question 18

About ______ million Americans have diabetes.
A) 5
B) 20
C) 30
D) 45

Accepted Answer

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), in 2020, approximately 34.2 million Americans had diabetes. This is closer to option C) 30 million than any of the other choices.

Question 19

Eddie has asthma. He knows that physical exercise is beneficial for not only his psychological well-being, but also the physical symptoms he experiences. Each day, he checks the pollen forecast on his weather app to see if it would be a good day for a brisk 30-min walk. Eddie's strategy reflects a coping strategy that psychologists called ______.
A) religious belief
B) positive reappraisal
C) distancing
D) problem-focused

Accepted Answer

Eddie's strategy of checking the pollen forecast to determine whether it is a good day for a brisk walk reflects a problem-focused coping strategy. He is taking proactive steps to manage his asthma symptoms and engage in physical activity, rather than simply trying to distance himself from the situation or positively reframe it.

Question 20

Colin is HIV+. And the end of each day, Colin and his partner each tell the other at least one thing they are thankful for that day. This is an example of a(n) ______-focused coping strategy called ______.
A) emotion; distancing
B) emotion; positive reappraisal
C) problem; distancing
D) problem; positive reappraisal

Accepted Answer

This is an example of emotion-focused coping because it involves managing the emotions associated with HIV+ status. Specifically, it is an example of positive reappraisal, which involves finding positive meaning and gratitude in a situation.

Quiz 10: Understanding and Managing Chronic Illness

As compared to acute diseases, chronic diseases ______.

As compared to its prevalence among European Americans, the prevalence of chronic disease among African American and Latinx people is ______.

Ezzie is HIV+ and is experiencing suicidal ideation. Ezzie is not alone; one in ______ of those diagnosed with HIV has contemplated suicide.

Maranda and Gupta (2016) found that children with diabetes who reported caring for one or more pets at home were 2.5 times more likely to have control over their glucose levels than those who did not care for a pet. This result MOST likely reflects ______ research.

Because Kai's illness is one of the MOST common chronic diseases experienced during childhood, there is a fair amount of online and real-life support for caregivers and families, even though there is no cure for it. Based on this information, Kai MOST likely suffers from ______.

Collins and colleagues (2001) found that, as a rough approximation, about ______ of 3,000 people diagnosed with HIV made positive health changes following the diagnosis, such as quitting smoking, increasing exercise, or improving one's diet.

If one extrapolated an age trend mentioned in the textbook, one would estimate the risk of Alzheimer's disease at age 80 as ______.

Cotton and colleagues have found that ______ of adults diagnosed with HIV report that the condition has strengthened their faith.

According to the textbook, more than ______ of those with diabetes have some type of sexual dysfunction.

Chronic diseases constitute ______ of the top 10 causes of death.

Alex has trouble keeping his balance. His tremors and occasional weakness are making it difficult for him to accomplish routine tasks and complete the activities of daily living. Alex is MOST likely to be diagnosed with ______.

A medical research foundation is determining its priorities for funding. One of the directors advises the board that just over ______ cents of every health care dollar is spent on chronic diseases.

Which disease is NOT in the arthritis "family?"

Which emotion-focused coping strategy is correctly identified as generally positive or negative?

People with chronic diseases are especially likely to hide their condition from others if the disease is stigmatized. Stigmatized conditions include AIDS and ______.

Cassileth and colleagues (1984) .found that after about ______month(s) postdiagnosis, there is no differences in depression rates between healthy people and those with various chronic illnesses.

About ______ million Americans have diabetes.

Colin is HIV+. And the end of each day, Colin and his partner each tell the other at least one thing they are thankful for that day. This is an example of a(n) -focused coping strategy called .