Question 1

McDonaldization is a concept that describes which of these?

Accepted Answer

McDonaldization refers to the process by which society adopts the characteristics of a fast-food restaurant, such as efficiency, calculability, predictability, and control through automation. This concept is often used to describe the increasing rationalization of other areas of society, such as education and healthcare, as they adopt similar principles of mass production and rationalization.

Question 2

The growth of the service sector and white-collar work in the mid-20th century gave rise to what age?

Accepted Answer

The growth of the service sector and white-collar work in the mid-20th century gave rise to the postindustrial age, characterized by a shift from manufacturing to services and knowledge-based work. While the consumer age, digital age, and information age all emerged after the postindustrial age, they were all influenced by its economic and social changes.

Question 3

Sociology is the systematic study of which of these?

Accepted Answer

Sociology is the study of how people are affected and affect social structures and processes, including social institutions, relationships, and cultures. This includes the study of social inequality, deviance, and social change. While sociology may touch on the other options (A, B, and C), its primary focus is on understanding and explaining social behavior and patterns.

Question 4

Which of these garnered the attention of 18th- and 19th-century sociologists?

Accepted Answer

The Industrial Revolution was a focal point for 18th- and 19th-century sociologists because it brought about significant social, economic, and technological changes that transformed societies, leading to new social structures and issues.

Question 5

As globalization increases,social structures have which effect on the flow of products and information?

Accepted Answer

Social structures, such as governments, regulations, and cultural customs, can both increase and limit global flows of products and information. On one hand, they can facilitate trade agreements and communication channels between countries, leading to increased global flows. On the other hand, they can also create barriers to entry, such as tariffs or censorship, which impede the flow of products and information. So, social structures have both positive and negative effects on the flow of products and information.

Question 6

What is the term associated with increased negative global flows,such as diseases or pollution?

Accepted Answer

Deviant globalization refers to negative global flows, such as the spread of diseases or pollution, that can have adverse effects on human society and the environment. It is important to address and mitigate these negative impacts of globalization in order to promote sustainable development and improve global well-being. The other choices are not as directly related to the concept of negative global flows.

Question 7

In the U.S.,manufacturing has ______ since the middle of the 20th century,signaling a move out of the ______ age.

Accepted Answer

Manufacturing in the U.S. has decreased since the middle of the 20th century, which means that the country is moving away from the industrial age. Option B and D are incorrect because manufacturing has not increased in the U.S. and it is not related to the preindustrial or agrarian age.

Question 8

The process by which people obtain and use goods and services is known as which of these?

Accepted Answer

Consumption refers to the process by which people obtain and use goods and services. Globalization pertains to the interconnectedness of economies around the world. Society is a broad term that encompasses the social relationships and institutions within a community. Flows can refer to the movement or transfer of goods, services, or information. Of the options provided, consumption is the most accurate term to describe the process.

Question 9

Traditionally,which of these was the largest unit of analysis in sociology?

Accepted Answer

Society was traditionally the largest unit of analysis in sociology. It encompasses the organization and structures of social relationships and interactions within a given community or group. While inequality, gender, and globalization are important topics in sociology, they are often examined within the context of larger societal structures and systems.

Question 10

What trend is evidenced by the rise in credit card debt from 1969 to now?

Accepted Answer

The rise in credit card debt from 1969 to now is primarily due to the dramatic increase in personal consumption among people in the U.S. as credit cards have made it easier for people to buy goods and services beyond their means. The other options do not directly relate to the rise in credit card debt.

Question 11

According to the chapter text,no social change is as important today as which of these?

Accepted Answer

Globalization is often highlighted as a significant social change due to its widespread impact on economies, cultures, and societies worldwide.

Question 12

The 21st century is associated with which of these?

Accepted Answer

The 21st century is often referred to as the information stage due to the rapid advancement and reliance on information technology and digital communication.

Question 13

Twitter allows individuals to communicate globally.This communication has been responsible for large-scale social upheaval.This individual impact on large scale structures is called which of these?

Accepted Answer

The butterfly effect refers to how individual actions, no matter how small or seemingly insignificant, can have large-scale impacts and cause significant changes or disruptions. The use of Twitter as a communication tool has been responsible for social upheaval on a large scale, demonstrating the butterfly effect. Sociology refers to the study of social behavior, which is related to this topic but not the specific term for individual impact on large-scale structures. Commodification refers to the process of turning something into a commodity for commercial purposes, and globalization is the process of integrating and connecting different parts of the world. Neither of these terms directly relate to the impact of Twitter communication.

Question 14

As globalization takes place,what happens to the movement of products and people?

Accepted Answer

As globalization takes place, the movement of products and people becomes more fluid due to advancements in transportation and communication technology. This leads to increased trade, tourism, and migration across borders. While there may be some regulations and monitoring in place, overall the trend is towards increased ease of movement.

Question 15

Jane works at a company that emphasizes that people should do tasks as quickly and cheaply as possible.Which characteristic of McDonaldization does this exemplify?

Accepted Answer

Efficiency is the characteristic of McDonaldization that emphasizes on doing tasks as quickly and cheaply as possible. The other characteristics are calculability (emphasizes on quantifiable results), control (standardization and regulation of processes), and predictability (ensuring uniformity and consistency).

Question 16

The postindustrial age began around the middle of the 20th century but transitioned into the ______ at the beginning of the 21st century.

Accepted Answer

The Information Age began at the beginning of the 21st century, marking a shift away from the production of physical goods towards digital and information-based products and services. This shift was driven by advancements in technology, particularly the widespread use of the internet and digital communication. The Cyber Age and Space Age are not commonly used terms to describe this era. While the Industrial Age preceded the postindustrial era, it is not accurate to say that it transitioned into the Information Age as they are distinct periods in history.

Question 17

One of the four defining characteristics of McDonaldization is predictability.What does predictability refer to?

Accepted Answer

Predictability in the context of McDonaldization refers to the ability to predict one's experience across different settings. This means that regardless of which location a person visits, they can expect the same menu items, prices, and overall experience.

Question 18

Starting in the 1950s,developed countries with capitalist economies began to shift from ______ to ______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Starting in the 1950s,developed countries with capitalist...

Question 19

At Tommy's job,customers fill out satisfaction surveys to rate employees to ensure to the company that they are doing their job.Which characteristic of McDonaldization does this exemplify?

Accepted Answer

Control is exemplified in this scenario because the satisfaction surveys are a means to monitor and regulate employee performance, ensuring they meet the company's standards and expectations.

Question 20

McDonald's,blue jeans,and Pizza Hut are now found in countries all over the world.Which concept is exemplified by this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

The wide and global spread of these three entities exemplifies the concept of globalization, which describes the spread and integration of cultures, economies, and societies around the world.

Quiz 1: An Introduction to Sociology in the Global Age