Question 1

Arthur's parents own a home appliances business. His parents along with his three older brothers manage the business together. They want Arthur to help with the business once he graduates. Arthur has agreed to join the family business without putting much thought into this decision. In this scenario, Arthur is in the status of identity referred to as

Accepted Answer

Identity foreclosure is the status where an individual has made a commitment to an identity without exploring options or alternatives. In this scenario, Arthur has agreed to join the family business without much thought or exploration of other options, indicating identity foreclosure.

Question 2

Reggie, a 16-year-old teenager, gets into a lot of arguments with his parents. Going by what is generally observed about parent-adolescent conflict, it is likely that most of the arguments center around

Accepted Answer

According to research on parent-adolescent conflict, most arguments between parents and teenagers tend to center around everyday events of family life such as curfews, chores, schoolwork, and relationships. While issues like drug use and delinquent behavior can certainly contribute to conflict, they are less common sources of disagreement than the more mundane aspects of family life. Alcoholism is a significant concern, but it's not clear from the scenario whether or not Reggie struggles with alcoholism.

Question 3

Ramon's parents have decided that he will enroll in a liberal arts course in the state college near their hometown. Ramon has not really thought much about this decision himself, and he will most likely follow their advice. James Marcia would classify Ramon's identity status as identity

Accepted Answer

Foreclosure identity status refers to an individual who has made commitment to an identity without exploring options or alternatives. In this case, Ramon's parents have made the decision for him without him exploring different courses and making the decision himself.

Question 4

Most adolescents from ethnic minority groups develop a(n) ________ identity.

Accepted Answer

Adolescents from ethnic minority groups often develop a bicultural identity, which means they develop a sense of belonging to both their ethnic culture and the dominant culture of the society they live in. This allows them to maintain important aspects of their heritage while also adapting to the norms and values of the dominant culture. Answers B, C, and D are not as accurate because they do not specifically address the concept of bicultural identity.

Question 5

Stella has involved, responsive parents who support her in her choices as long as she adheres to certain basic rules that they have set for her, like keeping up her grades and coming home in time for dinner on weekdays. Thus, Stella's relationship with her parents is characterized by a high level of trust, acceptance, and quality. Research indicates that Stella would

Accepted Answer

Stella's relationship with her parents is characterized by a high level of trust, acceptance, and quality, which means that she is likely to share information about her whereabouts, friends, and activities. This is supported by research on parent-child relationships, which shows that good communication and trust promote healthy adolescent development.

Question 6

The status of identity ________ occurs most often when parents hand down commitments to their adolescents, usually in an authoritarian way, before adolescents have had a chance to explore different approaches, ideologies, and vocations on their own.

Accepted Answer

Foreclosure occurs when an individual adopts commitments and values without exploring alternatives or considering other options. This often happens when parents enforce their beliefs and expectations onto their children, who then adopt them as their own without questioning or exploring different options.

Question 7

Mindy wants to pursue a career in the aeronautical industry. She wants to become either an engineer or a pilot. After discussing with her parents, she decides to become an aeronautical engineer. In this scenario, in which Mindy's crisis of identity development is resolved and in which she has made a commitment, she is most likely in the status of identity referred to as

Accepted Answer

Mindy has resolved her crisis of identity development and made a commitment to become an aeronautical engineer, indicating that she has achieved a sense of identity that is consistent with her values and interests. This is characteristic of the identity achievement status.

Question 8

Which of the following statements is true about the timing of identity development?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that college upperclassmen are more likely to be identity achieved than college freshmen or high school students. Choice A is incorrect because identity diffused tends to be more common during adolescence, rather than college years. Choice C is incorrect because individuals may change their religious and political identities throughout their lifetime, rather than committing to one identity by college age. Choice D is incorrect because the percentage of individuals who reach identity achievement tends to increase with age, so college upperclassmen are likely to have a higher percentage of identity achievement than high school students.

Question 9

Which of the following is the identity status in which a crisis is present but commitment is absent?

Accepted Answer

Identity moratorium is the status where an individual is actively exploring options (experiencing a crisis) but has not yet made a commitment to a particular identity or path.

Question 10

Nancy was not able to decide whether she should major in music or take up an undergraduate program in engineering. After significant exploration of both options, she finally chose the latter, with a minor in music. Identify Nancy's status of identity.

Accepted Answer

Nancy's decision to choose an undergraduate program in engineering with a minor in music reflects her achievement of a clear and committed identity in which she has explored multiple options and made a deliberate and informed decision. This is different from identity diffusion (lack of exploration or commitment), identity foreclosure (premature commitment without exploration), and identity moratorium (exploration without commitment).

Question 11

In the context of statuses of identity, identity moratorium differs from identity diffusion in that in identity moratorium, ________:

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the context of statuses of identity,...

Question 12

Conflicts arise between parents and adolescents because

Accepted Answer

Conflicts between parents and adolescents often arise because parents may not anticipate the extent to which their adolescent wants to exert their own independence and decision-making. Adolescents are typically seeking more autonomy and responsibility, while parents may still be trying to hold on to some control. This can cause disagreements and conflicts within the parent-adolescent relationship. Option B and C are not supported by research and option D is generally not a desirable outcome for either parents or adolescents.

Question 13

________ is the status of identity of an individual in which crisis and commitment are both absent and the individual is undecided about or shows little interest in occupational and ideological choices.

Accepted Answer

Identity diffusion is the status of identity in which the individual has not yet experienced a crisis or made a commitment to an occupational or ideological path. They may show little interest or be undecided about their future goals or values. In contrast, identity foreclosure refers to the status of identity in which an individual has made a commitment to an occupational or ideological path without experiencing a crisis or exploring their options. Identity moratorium refers to the status in which an individual is actively exploring different options and experiencing a crisis, but has yet to make a commitment. Identity achievement refers to the status in which an individual has made a commitment to an occupational or ideological path after experiencing a crisis and engaging in exploration.

Question 14

Irene, a 16-year-old girl, is a first-generation immigrant whose parents came to the United States from Ukraine when she was just a baby. Irene enjoys many of the same things that her American friends do but respects her culture's traditions and speaks to her parents in their native language. Irene seems to have formed a(n) ________ identity.

Accepted Answer

Irene has integrated aspects of her Ukrainian culture into her life while also embracing American culture. This is a characteristic of a bicultural identity, where individuals feel comfortable navigating both their own culture and the mainstream culture.

Question 15

Identity ________ is the status of individuals who have made a commitment but not experienced a crisis.

Accepted Answer

Identity foreclosure occurs when an individual has made a commitment without undergoing a crisis, often adopting a set of beliefs or goals from parents or authority figures without questioning or exploring alternatives.

Question 16

Misha is a first-generation immigrant in the United States. In the context of cultural and ethnic identity, which of the following statements is most likely to be true about her identity?

Accepted Answer

As a first-generation immigrant, Misha may struggle with reconciling her cultural and ethnic identity with her new American identity. However, it is unlikely that she would completely discard her original cultural and ethnic identity. She may develop a new hybrid identity that combines elements of both cultures, but she is unlikely to change her identity tremendously.

Question 17

Conflict with parents often escalates during

Accepted Answer

The answer of Conflict with parents often escalates during
...

Question 18

Ethnic ________ is an enduring aspect of the self that includes a sense of membership in an ethnic group, along with the attitudes and feelings related to that membership.

Accepted Answer

Ethnic identity refers to one's sense of belonging to a particular ethnic group, along with the attitudes and feelings related to that membership. Gloss and awareness are not related to the concept of ethnic identity, and while pride may be related, it is not as encompassing as the concept of ethnic identity.

Question 19

Identity ________ is the status of individuals who have undergone a crisis and made a commitment.

Accepted Answer

Identity achievement is the status of individuals who have undergone a crisis (i.e. explored options and alternatives) and made a commitment (i.e. made a decision based on their values and beliefs). Identity diffusion refers to a lack of exploration and commitment, while identity foreclosure refers to making a commitment without undergoing exploration. Identity moratorium refers to active exploration without a commitment being made yet.

Question 20

Joseph Allen and his colleagues found that adolescents who were securely attached to their parents at 14 years of age were more likely at 21 years of age to report

Accepted Answer

Adolescents who were securely attached to their parents at 14 years of age were more likely at 21 years of age to report relationship competence and fewer problematic behaviors. There is no evidence to suggest they would feel uncomfortable in other intimate relationships or continue financial dependence on their parents. While conflict in the relationship with parents is possible and common among adolescents, the study did not find evidence to support this as a result of secure attachment.

Quiz 10: Socioemotional Development in Adolescence