Question 1

A study of adolescents in the African nation of Botswana showed Black male and female adolescents were more likely to be externally oriented than were ____ adolescents.

Accepted Answer

The study found that Black male and female adolescents in Botswana were more likely to be externally oriented than were White adolescents, suggesting cultural differences in self-concept and values between the two racial groups. The other options (Middle-Eastern, Asian, and Mixed-Race) are not mentioned in the study and cannot be inferred as being more or less externally oriented than Black or White adolescents.

Question 2

Rotter developed the Internal-External (I-E) Scale to measure his concept of locus of control. Another scale to assess locus of control is the

Accepted Answer

The Nowicki-Strickland Internal-External Scale is another scale developed to assess locus of control, similar to Rotter's I-E Scale.

Question 3

Julian Rotter advanced a(n)

Accepted Answer

Julian Rotter is known for his social-learning theory, which emphasizes the role of social situations and learning experiences in shaping human behavior. This approach combines elements of behaviorism and cognitive psychology, but places more emphasis on the importance of individual differences and subjective experiences.

Question 4

According to physical health differences studies, internals tend to be more cautious about their health and are more likely

Accepted Answer

The passage states that internals tend to be more cautious about their health and are more likely to wear seat belts, exercise, and quit smoking. Therefore, choice A is the correct answer. B, C, and D are not supported by the information in the passage.

Question 5

Julian Rotter had an early interest in ____ insights about human nature.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Julian Rotter had an early interest in...

Question 6

More college students have been found to have an _______ rather than an ______ orientation of locus of control.

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown that college students tend to have a more internal locus of control, meaning they believe that their actions and behaviors have a direct impact on outcomes and success, rather than believing that external factors such as luck or chance control their lives.

Question 7

As far as cultural differences studies, students from more collectivist cultures scored _____________________, while those students from individualistic cultures tended to score _____________________.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that individuals from collectivist cultures tend to score higher in external locus of control, meaning they believe that their outcomes are influenced more by external factors such as luck or the actions of others. In contrast, individuals from individualistic cultures tend to score higher in internal locus of control, meaning they believe their outcomes are more within their own control.

Question 8

For ____, success is viewed more as a product of external than internal factors.

Accepted Answer

The answer of For ____, success is viewed more as...

Question 9

Those children in large single-parent families headed by women tended to have a(n)____ locus of control.

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that children in single-parent families headed by women tend to have an external locus of control, meaning they believe their outcomes are determined by external factors rather than their own actions or choices. This may be because these families often face financial and social challenges that are beyond the control of the child or parent.

Question 10

In recent research, children whose mothers were depressed and had little education or income were likely to

Accepted Answer

Children whose mothers were depressed and had little education or income are more likely to develop an external locus of control, as they may feel that their environment, rather than their own actions, has greater influence over their lives. This can lead to a sense of helplessness and lack of agency, which is a common feature of an external locus of control.

Question 11

Research shows that people scoring ______ in internal academic locus of control were more likely to persist in online college programs than those _____ in internal academic locus of control.

Accepted Answer

The question states that individuals scoring high in internal academic locus of control were more likely to persist in online college programs than those scoring low in internal academic locus of control. Therefore, choice D (high/low) is the best answer.

Question 12

The concepts of Bandura's ____ and of Rotter's concept of ____ have a strong relationship, according to research.

Accepted Answer

Bandura's concept of self-efficacy refers to an individual's belief in their ability to successfully execute a task or achieve a goal. Rotter's concept of locus of control refers to an individual's belief about the extent to which they can control the outcomes of their behaviors. Both of these concepts emphasize an individual's belief in their own abilities and control over their lives, making them strongly related.

Question 13

People apparently become more internally oriented as they grow older, peaking in

Accepted Answer

The answer of People apparently become more internally oriented as...

Question 14

If Jim says he has the "luck of the Irish", his locus of control is probably

Accepted Answer

The phrase "luck of the Irish" implies that Jim believes his successes or failures are largely determined by external factors such as luck, rather than his own internal abilities or effort. Therefore, his locus of control is likely external.

Question 15

____ oriented people may be physically healthier than ____ oriented people.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____ oriented people may be physically healthier...

Question 16

Rotter noted that ____ has become "one of the most studied variables in psychology."

Accepted Answer

Rotter is best known for his work on locus of control, which refers to an individual's beliefs about the extent to which they can control events that affect them. This concept has been widely studied in psychology and has significant implications for individuals' mental health and well-being.

Question 17

People higher in internal locus of control experience less

Accepted Answer

People with a higher internal locus of control often believe they can influence events and their outcomes, which can lead to lower levels of anxiety and depression because they feel more in control of their lives and circumstances.

Question 18

Women who have been physically abused tend to show an ____ locus of control.

Accepted Answer

Women who have been physically abused tend to have an external locus of control, which means they believe events in their lives are outside of their control and are determined by outside forces such as their abuser.

Question 19

Evidence suggests that locus of control is learned in childhood and is directly related to

Accepted Answer

Research has found that parents who consistently reinforce their children's autonomy and decision-making abilities are more likely to raise children with an internal locus of control. In contrast, parents who are overprotective or controlling can hinder the development of an internal locus of control. Therefore, parental behavior has a direct relationship with the development of locus of control.

Question 20

Rotter assessed research participants with the use of

Accepted Answer

Rotter assessed research participants with the use of self-report inventories, such as the Internal-External Locus of Control Scale, which measures an individual's belief about their degree of control over their own life. This indicates that Rotter relied on individuals' own perceptions and reports of their attitudes and beliefs.

Quiz 14: Mini- Theories: Locus of Control, Sensation Seeking, Learned Helplessness, Optimismpessimism, Positive Psychology, and Happiness and Success