Question 1

Match the terms, labelled a. through i., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
b.Golgi complex
c.lysosome
d.peroxisome
e.mitochondrion
f.vault
g.free ribosome
h.microtubule
i.microfilament
-shaped like an octagonal barrel

Accepted Answer

Vaults are cellular structures that are indeed shaped like octagonal barrels, which distinguishes them from other cellular components listed.

Question 2

Match the ions, labelled a. through d., with their various roles. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.NaS1U1P1+S1S1P0
b.KS1U1P1+S1S1P0
c.AS1U1P1-S1S1P0
d.ClS1U1P1-S1S1P0
-ion whose concentration gradient is established by the membrane potential

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the ions, labelled a. through d.,...

Question 3

Match the terms, labelled a. through c., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.flagella
b.cilia
c.microvilli
-whip-like appendages

Accepted Answer

Whip-like appendages are called flagella.

Answer: B
 Cilia are also whip-like appendages.

Answer: C
 Microvilli are small protrusions on the surface of some cells, but they are not whip-like appendages.

Question 4

Match the result, labelled a. or b., with the force and involved ion in question. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.The ion tends to be moved into the cell by this force. b.The ion tends to be moved out of the cell by this force. -electrical gradient for K⁺ at resting potential

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the result, labelled a. or b.,...

Question 5

Match the terms, labelled a. through c., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.flagella
b.cilia
c.microvilli
-hair-like motile protrusions

Accepted Answer

Cilia are hair-like motile protrusions found on the surface of many eukaryotic cells, involved in movement and sensing the environment.

Question 6

Match the result, labelled a. or b., with the force and involved ion in question. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.The ion tends to be moved into the cell by this force. b.The ion tends to be moved out of the cell by this force. -concentration gradient for K⁺ at resting potential

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the result, labelled a. or b.,...

Question 7

Match the terms, labelled a. through c., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.flagella
b.cilia
c.microvilli
-increase the surface area of the small intestine's epithelium

Accepted Answer

Microvilli are finger-like projections that increase the surface area of the small intestine's epithelium, thus increasing the absorption of nutrients. Flagella and cilia are structures found on cells that aid in movement, but they do not directly increase surface area in the small intestine.

Question 8

Match the terms, labelled a. through i., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
b.Golgi complex
c.lysosome
d.peroxisome
e.mitochondrion
f.vault
g.free ribosome
h.microtubule
i.microfilament
-acts as a mechanical stiffener

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the terms, labelled a. through i.,...

Question 9

Match the terms, labelled a. through i., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
b.Golgi complex
c.lysosome
d.peroxisome
e.mitochondrion
f.vault
g.free ribosome
h.microtubule
i.microfilament
-an important component of cilia and flagella

Accepted Answer

Microtubules are an important component of cilia and flagella.

Answer: E
 Mitochondrion is not related to cilia, flagella, or microfilaments.

Answer: F
 Vaults are not relevant to the structure of cells or their organelles.

Answer: A, G
 Endoplasmic reticulum and free ribosomes are not related to cilia, flagella, or microfilaments.

Answer: B
 The Golgi complex is involved in processing and modifying proteins, but it is not directly related to cilia, flagella, or microfilaments.

Answer: C, D
 Lysosomes and peroxisomes are not related to cilia, flagella, or microfilaments.

Question 10

Match the terms, labelled a. through i., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
b.Golgi complex
c.lysosome
d.peroxisome
e.mitochondrion
f.vault
g.free ribosome
h.microtubule
i.microfilament
-synthesizes proteins for use in the cytosol

Accepted Answer

Free ribosomes synthesize proteins for use in the cytosol.

Answer: A
 Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) also synthesizes proteins, but they are either used in the membrane or exported out of the cell.

Answer: B
 Golgi complex modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for secretion.

Answer: C
 Lysosomes contain enzymes that break down waste products and cellular debris.

Answer: D
 Peroxisomes are involved in lipid metabolism and detoxification reactions.

Answer: E
 Mitochondria are the site of cellular respiration and produce ATP.

Answer: H
 Microtubules are involved in cell division, intracellular transport, and maintaining cell shape.

Answer: I
 Microfilaments are involved in cell movement, contractility, and maintaining cell shape.

Answer: F
 Vaults are small ribonucleoprotein particles of unknown function.

Question 11

Match the terms, labelled a. through c., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.flagella
b.cilia
c.microvilli
-sweep mucus and debris out of respiratory airways

Accepted Answer

Cilia are hair-like projections found on the surface of cells in the respiratory tract that beat in a coordinated fashion to move mucus and debris out of the airways. Flagella are also hair-like projections, but they are found on certain types of cells (such as sperm) and are used for movement rather than sweeping. Microvilli are finger-like projections found on the surface of cells in the digestive tract, but they do not play a role in respiratory function.

Question 12

Match the terms, labelled a. through c., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.flagella
b.cilia
c.microvilli
-increase the surface area of the kidney tubules

Accepted Answer

Microvilli are small, finger-like projections on the surface of some cells, including the kidney tubules, that increase their surface area for absorption and secretion.

Answer: A or B
 Flagella and cilia are both structures that protrude from the surface of some cells, and they are involved in movement. However, they are not typically found in the kidney tubules, so neither option is a perfect match for the given description.

Question 13

Match the terms, labelled a. through i., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
b.Golgi complex
c.lysosome
d.peroxisome
e.mitochondrion
f.vault
g.free ribosome
h.microtubule
i.microfilament
-consists of stacks of flattened sacs

Accepted Answer

The Golgi complex is characterized by its structure of stacks of flattened sacs, which are involved in modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids for secretion or for use within the cell.

Question 14

Match the ions, labelled a. through d., with their various roles. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.NaS1U1P1+S1S1P0
b.KS1U1P1+S1S1P0
c.AS1U1P1-S1S1P0
d.ClS1U1P1-S1S1P0
-ion that is actively transported into the cell

Accepted Answer

Potassium ion (K⁺) is actively transported into the cell through the sodium-potassium pump, which maintains the membrane potential and regulates cell volume. The other ions listed do not play a significant role in active transport into the cell.

Question 15

Match the terms, labelled a. through c., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.flagella
b.cilia
c.microvilli
-guide egg to oviduct

Accepted Answer

Cilia are tiny hair-like projections that move in a coordinated way, creating fluid flow that can guide the movement of materials. They are found in the female reproductive tract and help to move the egg from the ovary to the oviduct.

Question 16

Match the terms, labelled a. through i., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
b.Golgi complex
c.lysosome
d.peroxisome
e.mitochondrion
f.vault
g.free ribosome
h.microtubule
i.microfilament
-the powerhouse of the cell

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion is the powerhouse of the cell, responsible for producing ATP through cellular respiration.

Answer: A
 Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a membrane-bound organelle involved in protein and lipid synthesis and transport.

Answer: B
 Golgi complex is also a membrane-bound organelle, which modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for transport.

Answer: C
 Lysosome is a membrane-bound organelle that contains digestive enzymes to break down waste and foreign particles.

Answer: D
 Peroxisome is a membrane-bound organelle involved in breaking down fatty acids and detoxifying harmful substances.

Answer: G
 Free ribosome is a non-membrane-bound organelle that synthesizes proteins for use within the cell.

Answer: H
 Microtubule and I. Microfilament are both types of cytoskeletal elements, providing shape and structure to the cell and facilitating cellular movement.

Answer: F
 Vault is a non-membrane-bound cellular structure that may be involved in transport and storage of macromolecules.

Question 17

Match the terms, labelled a. through i., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
b.Golgi complex
c.lysosome
d.peroxisome
e.mitochondrion
f.vault
g.free ribosome
h.microtubule
i.microfilament
-one continuous extensive organelle consisting of a network of tubules and flattened filament

Accepted Answer

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a continuous extensive organelle consisting of a network of tubules and flattened sacs that plays a key role in the synthesis and transport of proteins and lipids.

Question 18

Match the terms, labelled a. through c., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.flagella
b.cilia
c.microvilli
-enable sperm to move

Accepted Answer

Flagella are long, whip-like structures that enable sperm to move by propelling it forward.

Question 19

Match the terms, labelled a. through i., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
b.Golgi complex
c.lysosome
d.peroxisome
e.mitochondrion
f.vault
g.free ribosome
h.microtubule
i.microfilament
-contains powerful oxidative enzymes important in detoxifying various wastes

Accepted Answer

Peroxisomes contain powerful oxidative enzymes important in detoxifying various wastes.

Question 20

Match the terms, labelled a. through i., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
b.Golgi complex
c.lysosome
d.peroxisome
e.mitochondrion
f.vault
g.free ribosome
h.microtubule
i.microfilament
-removes unwanted cellular debris and foreign material

Accepted Answer

Lysosomes are responsible for removing unwanted cellular debris and foreign material through their digestive enzymes.

Answer: D
 Peroxisomes are also involved in removing cellular debris and harmful substances through their enzymatic reactions.

Possible additional answer:
Answer: A
 While the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is involved in protein and lipid synthesis, it also plays a role in removing misfolded or damaged proteins from the cell through a process called ER-associated degradation.

Quiz 2: Cell Physiology

Match the terms, labelled a. through i., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.endoplasmic reticulum (ER) b.Golgi complex c.lysosome d.peroxisome e.mitochondrion f.vault g.free ribosome h.microtubule i.microfilament -shaped like an octagonal barrel

Match the ions, labelled a. through d., with their various roles. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.Na⁺ b.K⁺ c.A^- d.Cl^- -ion whose concentration gradient is established by the membrane potential

Match the terms, labelled a. through c., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.flagella b.cilia c.microvilli -whip-like appendages

Match the result, labelled a. or b., with the force and involved ion in question. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.The ion tends to be moved into the cell by this force. b.The ion tends to be moved out of the cell by this force. -electrical gradient for K⁺ at resting potential

Match the terms, labelled a. through c., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.flagella b.cilia c.microvilli -hair-like motile protrusions

Match the terms, labelled a. through c., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.flagella b.cilia c.microvilli -increase the surface area of the small intestine's epithelium

Match the terms, labelled a. through i., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.endoplasmic reticulum (ER) b.Golgi complex c.lysosome d.peroxisome e.mitochondrion f.vault g.free ribosome h.microtubule i.microfilament -acts as a mechanical stiffener

Match the terms, labelled a. through i., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.endoplasmic reticulum (ER) b.Golgi complex c.lysosome d.peroxisome e.mitochondrion f.vault g.free ribosome h.microtubule i.microfilament -an important component of cilia and flagella

Match the terms, labelled a. through i., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.endoplasmic reticulum (ER) b.Golgi complex c.lysosome d.peroxisome e.mitochondrion f.vault g.free ribosome h.microtubule i.microfilament -synthesizes proteins for use in the cytosol

Match the terms, labelled a. through c., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.flagella b.cilia c.microvilli -sweep mucus and debris out of respiratory airways

Match the terms, labelled a. through c., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.flagella b.cilia c.microvilli -increase the surface area of the kidney tubules

Match the terms, labelled a. through i., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.endoplasmic reticulum (ER) b.Golgi complex c.lysosome d.peroxisome e.mitochondrion f.vault g.free ribosome h.microtubule i.microfilament -consists of stacks of flattened sacs

Match the ions, labelled a. through d., with their various roles. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.Na⁺ b.K⁺ c.A^- d.Cl^- -ion that is actively transported into the cell

Match the terms, labelled a. through c., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.flagella b.cilia c.microvilli -guide egg to oviduct

Match the terms, labelled a. through i., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.endoplasmic reticulum (ER) b.Golgi complex c.lysosome d.peroxisome e.mitochondrion f.vault g.free ribosome h.microtubule i.microfilament -the powerhouse of the cell

Match the terms, labelled a. through c., to their descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.flagella b.cilia c.microvilli -enable sperm to move