Question 1

Describe aerobic cellular respiration from a mechanistic point of view.

Accepted Answer

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Question 2

Match the terms, labelled a. through c., with their characteristics, labelled 1. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.glycolysis
b.citric acid cycle
c.oxidative phosphorylation
-low yield of ATP

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis only produces a small amount of ATP (2 net ATP) compared to the other two processes.

Answer: B 
 The citric acid cycle produces more ATP than glycolysis but still relatively low yield (2 ATP).

Answer: C 
 Oxidative phosphorylation produces the most ATP out of the three processes (up to ~34 ATP) and is the main source of ATP production in aerobic respiration.

Question 3

Match the terms, labelled a. through c., with their characteristics, labelled 1. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.glycolysis
b.citric acid cycle
c.oxidative phosphorylation
-takes place in the cytosol

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol of the cell, where glucose is broken down into pyruvate, producing ATP and NADH in the process.

Question 4

Describe the differences between rough ER and smooth ER.

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Question 5

How is ATP synthesized via electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation?

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Question 6

Match the terms, labelled a. through c., with their characteristics, labelled 1. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.glycolysis
b.citric acid cycle
c.oxidative phosphorylation
-takes place on the inner mitochondrial membrane

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation occurs on the inner mitochondrial membrane, where the electron transport chain and ATP synthesis take place.

Question 7

Discuss the role of channel proteins in establishment of resting and action potentials.

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Question 8

Match the terms, labelled a. through c., with their characteristics, labelled 1. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.glycolysis
b.citric acid cycle
c.oxidative phosphorylation
-does not directly use inspired oxygen

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis does not directly use inspired oxygen, as it occurs in the cytoplasm of cells and does not require oxygen as a reactant. The citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation both occur in the mitochondria and require oxygen as a reactant.

Question 9

Describe neuronal integration.

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Question 10

Michael is using the electron microscope at the hospital to review the structures of skeletal muscle cells. He notices that the skeletal muscle cells have many nuclei and are loaded with mitochondria. Why is this so?

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Question 11

Match the terms, labelled a. through c., with their characteristics, labelled 1. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.glycolysis
b.citric acid cycle
c.oxidative phosphorylation
-high yield of ATP

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation produces the highest yield of ATP, up to 36-38 ATP molecules per glucose molecule.

Answer: A 
 Glycolysis is the first step in cellular respiration and occurs in the cytoplasm. It produces a small amount of ATP (2 molecules of ATP) from the breakdown of glucose.

Answer: B 
 The citric acid cycle occurs in the mitochondria and produces a small amount of ATP (2 molecules of ATP) and electron carriers (NADH and FADH2) that are used in oxidative phosphorylation to produce more ATP.

Question 12

Match the terms, labelled a. through c., with their characteristics, labelled 1. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.glycolysis
b.citric acid cycle
c.oxidative phosphorylation
-takes place in the mitochondrial matrix

Accepted Answer

The citric acid cycle takes place in the mitochondrial matrix, where it completes the breakdown of glucose molecules started in glycolysis by oxidizing acetyl-CoA to carbon dioxide.

Question 13

Describe the pathway that newly synthesized polypeptides take en route for secretion.

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Question 14

How are action potentials propagated?

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Question 15

Describe the structure and function of cilia and flagella.

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Question 16

Compare and contrast neuromodulation and presynaptic inhibition/facilitation.

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Question 17

Describe some of the ways in which drugs or disease can influence the nervous system at the neuronal level.

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Question 18

Describe the major aspects of the cytoskeleton.

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Quiz 2: Cell Physiology

Describe aerobic cellular respiration from a mechanistic point of view.

Match the terms, labelled a. through c., with their characteristics, labelled 1. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.glycolysis b.citric acid cycle c.oxidative phosphorylation -low yield of ATP

Match the terms, labelled a. through c., with their characteristics, labelled 1. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.glycolysis b.citric acid cycle c.oxidative phosphorylation -takes place in the cytosol