Question 1

A(n) ____________________ is an aggregation of bile salts and lecithin.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A(n) ____________________ is an aggregation of bile...

Question 2

Match the digestive secretions, labelled a. through e., to the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.bile salts
b.pepsin(ogen)
c.amylase
d.lipase
e.trypsin(ogen)
-pancreatic enzyme that digests carbohydrate

Accepted Answer

Amylase is the pancreatic enzyme that digests carbohydrates.

Answer: A 
 Bile salts aid in the emulsification and absorption of lipids.

Answer: D 
 Lipase is the pancreatic enzyme that digests lipids.

Answer: E 
 Trypsin(ogen) is a pancreatic enzyme that aids in the digestion of proteins.

Answer: B 
 Pepsin(ogen) is not a pancreatic enzyme, but rather an enzyme produced by the stomach that aids in the digestion of proteins.

Question 3

The extent of absorption of the electrolytes ____________________ and ____________________ is regulated depending on the body's needs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The extent of absorption of the electrolytes...

Question 4

Match the digestive secretions, labelled a. through e., to the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.bile salts
b.pepsin(ogen)
c.amylase
d.lipase
e.trypsin(ogen)
-gastric enzyme that digests protein

Accepted Answer

Pepsin(ogen) is the gastric enzyme that specifically digests protein in the stomach.

Answer: D
 Lipase is a digestive enzyme secreted by the pancreas that breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol in the small intestine.

Other options:
A) Bile salts are produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder. They aid in the digestion and absorption of fat molecules in the small intestine.
C) Amylase is a digestive enzyme secreted by the pancreas and salivary glands that breaks down carbohydrates into simple sugars in the small intestine.
E) Trypsin(ogen) is a pancreatic enzyme that digests protein in the small intestine.

Question 5

Match the digestive secretions, labelled a. through e., to the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.bile salts
b.pepsin(ogen)
c.amylase
d.lipase
e.trypsin(ogen)
-secreted by the salivary glands

Accepted Answer

Amylase is the enzyme secreted by the salivary glands that initiates the breakdown of carbohydrates in the mouth.

Question 6

The three modifications of the small intestine mucosa that greatly increase the surface area available for absorption are ____________________, ____________________, and ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The three modifications of the small intestine...

Question 7

____________________ is the ability of smooth muscle to maintain constant tension over a wide range of lengths.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ is the ability of smooth muscle...

Question 8

The most potent stimulus for gastrin release is __________________. Gastrin, in turn, is a powerful stimulus for __________________________ secretion. The PGA is directly inhibited from releasing gastrin by __________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The most potent stimulus for gastrin release...

Question 9

Match the digestive secretions, labelled a. through e., to the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.bile salts
b.pepsin(ogen)
c.amylase
d.lipase
e.trypsin(ogen)
-enzyme that digests fat

Accepted Answer

Lipase is the enzyme that digests fat.

Answer: A
 Bile salts aid in the digestion and absorption of fats by emulsifying them into smaller droplets.

Answer: E
 Trypsin(ogen) is an enzyme that breaks down proteins in the small intestine. It is secreted by the pancreas.

Options B and C are not matching any descriptions provided.

Question 10

The four basic digestive processes are ____________________, ____________________, ____________________, and ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The four basic digestive processes are ____________________,...

Question 11

Match the digestive secretions, labelled a. through e., to the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.bile salts
b.pepsin(ogen)
c.amylase
d.lipase
e.trypsin(ogen)
-pancreatic enzyme that digests protein

Accepted Answer

Trypsin(ogen) is a pancreatic enzyme specifically involved in the digestion of proteins, fitting the description provided.

Question 12

The ____________________ is the longest segment of the small intestine.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ____________________ is the longest segment of...

Question 13

Match the digestive secretions, labelled a. through e., to the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.bile salts
b.pepsin(ogen)
c.amylase
d.lipase
e.trypsin(ogen)
-activated by enterokinase

Accepted Answer

Enterokinase is an enzyme secreted by the small intestine that activates trypsinogen into trypsin, making option E the correct match.

Answer: A 
 Bile salts are secreted by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, and are not enzymes that are activated by enterokinase. It is used to emulsify fats in the small intestine, so they can be digested by lipase. Therefore, option A is not the correct match.

Answer: B 
 Pepsinogen is an inactive precursor of pepsin, which is activated by the acidic environment in the stomach. Therefore, option B is not the correct match.

Answer: C 
 Amylase is an enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates and is secreted by both the pancreas and salivary glands. It requires no activation by enterokinase, making option C not the correct match.

Answer: D 
 Lipase is an enzyme that breaks down fats and is secreted by the pancreas. It requires no activation by enterokinase, making option D not the correct match.

Question 14

The three gastrointestinal hormones that function as enterogastrones are ____________________, ____________________, and ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The three gastrointestinal hormones that function as...

Question 15

Match the digestive secretions, labelled a. through e., to the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.bile salts
b.pepsin(ogen)
c.amylase
d.lipase
e.trypsin(ogen)
-recycled many times through the enterohepatic circulation

Accepted Answer

Bile salts are recycled many times through the enterohepatic circulation.

Answer: B
 Pepsin(ogen) is not involved in the enterohepatic circulation, amylase and lipase do not recycle through the circulation, and trypsin(ogen) does not participate in digestion until it is activated in the small intestine.

Therefore, only choice A (bile salts) and only choice B (pepsin(ogen)) fit their respective descriptions.

Question 16

Match the digestive secretions, labelled a. through e., to the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.bile salts
b.pepsin(ogen)
c.amylase
d.lipase
e.trypsin(ogen)
-forms micelles to aid fat absorption

Accepted Answer

Bile salts are responsible for emulsifying fats, forming micelles to aid in the absorption of fat in the small intestine.

Answer: D
 Lipase is the enzyme responsible for the breakdown and digestion of fats in the small intestine. It breaks down triglycerides into glycerol and fatty acids, which can then be absorbed by the body.

Question 17

When worn-out red blood cells are destroyed, the haemoglobin is degraded to a yellow pigment known as ____________________, which is excreted into the bile.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When worn-out red blood cells are destroyed,...

Question 18

Excessive accumulation of bilirubin in the body produces the condition of ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Excessive accumulation of bilirubin in the body...

Question 19

The presence of ____________________ in the stomach is the main stimulus to enhance gastric secretion.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The presence of ____________________ in the stomach...

Question 20

Match the digestive secretions, labelled a. through e., to the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.bile salts
b.pepsin(ogen)
c.amylase
d.lipase
e.trypsin(ogen)
-exerts detergent action

Accepted Answer

Bile salts are responsible for exerting detergent action, helping to emulsify fats and make them more accessible to lipase for breakdown.

Answer: B
 Pepsin(ogen) is responsible for the initial breakdown of proteins in the stomach.

Answer: C
 Amylase is responsible for the breakdown of carbohydrates into simple sugars in the mouth and small intestine.

Answer: D
 Lipase is responsible for breaking down fats into fatty acids and glycerol in the small intestine.

Answer: E
 Trypsin(ogen) is responsible for breaking down proteins in the small intestine.

Quiz 14: The Urinary System

A(n) ____________________ is an aggregation of bile salts and lecithin.

Match the digestive secretions, labelled a. through e., to the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.bile salts b.pepsin(ogen) c.amylase d.lipase e.trypsin(ogen) -pancreatic enzyme that digests carbohydrate

The extent of absorption of the electrolytes and is regulated depending on the body's needs.

Match the digestive secretions, labelled a. through e., to the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.bile salts b.pepsin(ogen) c.amylase d.lipase e.trypsin(ogen) -gastric enzyme that digests protein

Match the digestive secretions, labelled a. through e., to the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.bile salts b.pepsin(ogen) c.amylase d.lipase e.trypsin(ogen) -secreted by the salivary glands

The three modifications of the small intestine mucosa that greatly increase the surface area available for absorption are , , and .

____________________ is the ability of smooth muscle to maintain constant tension over a wide range of lengths.

The most potent stimulus for gastrin release is . Gastrin, in turn, is a powerful stimulus for secretion. The PGA is directly inhibited from releasing gastrin by __.

Match the digestive secretions, labelled a. through e., to the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.bile salts b.pepsin(ogen) c.amylase d.lipase e.trypsin(ogen) -enzyme that digests fat

The four basic digestive processes are , , , and .

Match the digestive secretions, labelled a. through e., to the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.bile salts b.pepsin(ogen) c.amylase d.lipase e.trypsin(ogen) -pancreatic enzyme that digests protein

The ____________________ is the longest segment of the small intestine.

Match the digestive secretions, labelled a. through e., to the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.bile salts b.pepsin(ogen) c.amylase d.lipase e.trypsin(ogen) -activated by enterokinase

The three gastrointestinal hormones that function as enterogastrones are , , and .

Match the digestive secretions, labelled a. through e., to the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.bile salts b.pepsin(ogen) c.amylase d.lipase e.trypsin(ogen) -recycled many times through the enterohepatic circulation

Match the digestive secretions, labelled a. through e., to the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.bile salts b.pepsin(ogen) c.amylase d.lipase e.trypsin(ogen) -forms micelles to aid fat absorption

When worn-out red blood cells are destroyed, the haemoglobin is degraded to a yellow pigment known as ____________________, which is excreted into the bile.

Excessive accumulation of bilirubin in the body produces the condition of ____________________.

The presence of ____________________ in the stomach is the main stimulus to enhance gastric secretion.

Match the digestive secretions, labelled a. through e., to the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.bile salts b.pepsin(ogen) c.amylase d.lipase e.trypsin(ogen) -exerts detergent action