Question 1

The rapid increase in body fat that adolescent girls experience

Accepted Answer

The rapid increase in body fat during adolescence often leads to body image concerns, resulting in many adolescent girls dieting unnecessarily, even if they are not overweight.

Question 2

The biological changes that take place during puberty can indirectly cause changes in adolescents' behavior in which of the following ways?

Accepted Answer

The biological changes during puberty may affect adolescents' self-image and self-esteem by causing changes in their physical appearance, such as growth spurts, acne, and changes in body shape. These changes may lead to concerns about body image and a higher likelihood of engaging in behaviors such as dieting, exercising excessively, or even developing eating disorders.

Question 3

A research design in which subjects of different ages are assessed simultaneously is called a ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A research design in which subjects of...

Question 4

Which of the following statements accurately describes melatonin activity during adolescence?

Accepted Answer

During adolescence, the cycle of melatonin secretion is shifted later, resulting in later sleep onset and wake times. This shift is thought to be related to changes in the brain's circadian rhythms during this time of development.

Question 5

The delayed phase preference suggests that school should

Accepted Answer

The delayed phase preference refers to a natural inclination for adolescents to stay up later and sleep in later. Therefore, beginning school later in the morning would align better with the sleep patterns of teenagers and improve their academic performance and overall health. Options A and B are not practical for most schools, and option D would only exacerbate the problem of sleep deprivation in adolescents.

Question 6

Dr. Davis is interested in how puberty affects adjustment. He studies a group of 100 junior high school students over the course of three years. He is conducting what kind of study?

Accepted Answer

Dr. Davis is following the same group of students over time, so this is a longitudinal study.

Question 7

Brianna, an adolescent girl, is more susceptible to feelings of body dissatisfaction if she compares herself to

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that adolescents are more susceptible to feelings of body dissatisfaction if they compare themselves to peers or friends, rather than family members. Therefore, Ayomi, her best friend, would be the best choice for comparison.

Question 8

One reason for the sex difference in athletic performance during early adolescence is the difference in

Accepted Answer

The answer of One reason for the sex difference in...

Question 9

Which of the following students is most at risk of developing depression?

Accepted Answer

Sofia is the most at risk of developing depression because she stays up late using her smartphone, which can disrupt her sleep cycle and lead to poor sleep quality. Poor sleep quality has been linked to an increased risk of depression. Additionally, starting school earlier than Johan or Hinata may also contribute to her risk, as sleep deprivation is more common in teenagers who have earlier school start times.

Question 10

Dr. Achikeh is studying how low self-esteem during puberty affects individuals over time. As she recruits candidates for her study, she finds that adolescents with a negative body image are more likely to come from which group?

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that white females are more likely to report negative body image and issues related to low self-esteem during puberty compared to their peers from other racial or ethnic groups. This trend is often attributed to societal and media pressures that emphasize a certain body ideal, which is more frequently represented by and targeted towards white females.

Question 11

Which of the following statements about puberty's impact on family relationships is true?

Accepted Answer

Puberty often leads to increased distance between parents and children as adolescents seek more independence and develop their own identities.

Question 12

Studies show that adolescent mood swings are most closely related to changes in

Accepted Answer

The answer of Studies show that adolescent mood swings are...

Question 13

There is strong pressure on girls to be thin in which parts of the world?

Accepted Answer

While pressure to be thin exists in many parts of the world, the strongest and most pervasive pressure is seen in Western cultures, particularly in America, Europe, and Asia. This pressure is perpetuated by societal beauty standards and media representation, and it can lead to harmful behaviors and body image issues.

Question 14

Which of the following plays the greatest role in the development of depression?

Accepted Answer

Stressful life events such as loss, trauma, and interpersonal conflict have been consistently linked to the development of depression. Hormonal changes and early maturation may also have some influence, but they are not as strongly correlated with depression as stressful life events. The delayed phase preference, or a tendency to stay up late and sleep in, has been linked to increased risk for depression, but it is not a primary cause of the disorder.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about body image is true?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements about body...

Question 16

Which of the following statements about adolescent mood swings is true?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that adolescents experience more pronounced fluctuations in mood throughout the day, compared to adults who tend to experience more stable moods. While hormonal changes during puberty may contribute to these mood swings, it is not necessarily the strongest factor. Gender also does not seem to be a significant predictor of mood swings during adolescence. Additionally, pubertal hormones can actually increase adolescents' sensitivity to their social environment, rather than making them less responsive.

Question 17

Maia has an erratic sleep schedule. On weekdays she stays up past midnight and gets up early for school. On weekends she stays up even later and sleeps in until noon. The best way for Maia to improve her sleep is to

Accepted Answer

Maintaining a consistent sleep schedule, even on weekends, can help regulate the body's internal clock and improve overall sleep quality. Going to bed and waking up at the same time every day can also make it easier to fall asleep and wake up naturally, without the need for an alarm. Therefore, getting up at the same time on both weekdays and weekends is the best choice for Maia to improve her sleep.

Question 18

Although both sexes experience changes in muscle tissue and body fat, the ratio of muscle to body fat is

Accepted Answer

On average, boys have a higher ratio of muscle to body fat than girls. This is due to testosterone, which promotes muscle growth and a lower body fat percentage. Girls typically have higher levels of estrogen, which promotes the accumulation of body fat in preparation for childbearing. However, it is important to note that individual differences can exist within each gender, and factors such as physical activity and diet can also impact muscle and fat development.

Question 19

Taneka, an early maturing Black girl who is not yet dating, is more likely to ________ than her friends who are romantically involved.

Accepted Answer

Early maturing girls, especially those not involved in romantic relationships, may experience a mismatch between their physical development and their emotional or social readiness, leading to feelings of isolation or difference, which can contribute to depression.

Question 20

Given a choice, Darrell would prefer to stay up until 1:00 a.m. and sleep until 10:00 a.m. This pattern is called the

Accepted Answer

The pattern of staying up until 1:00 a.m. and sleeping until 10:00 a.m. is known as delayed phase preference, which is a common sleep pattern among adolescents and young adults. The other choices, such as secular trend, longitudinal design, and Tanner stages, are not related to sleep patterns or preferences.

Quiz 1: Biological Transitions