Question 1

The critical value must be compared against which of the following?
A)test value
B)obtained value
C)expected value
D)observed value

Accepted Answer

The critical value is compared against the obtained value (also known as the test statistic) to determine whether to reject the null hypothesis in hypothesis testing.

Question 2

In a one-sample chi-square test,if your respondents are distributed very close to each other across the levels of your variable,your chi-square value will be ______.
A)high
B)low
C)very high
D)medium

Accepted Answer

If the respondents are distributed very close to each other across the levels of the variable, it means that there is little variation in the data. In a chi-square test, the expected values are calculated based on this variation, and if there is not much variation, the observed values will be similar to the expected values. This leads to a small chi-square value, indicating that the data fits the expected distribution well. Therefore, the answer is B, low.

Question 3

In the result χ²₍₅₎ = 9.4,p < 0.05,what is 5? A)the degrees of freedom B)the critical value C)the significance level D)the obtained value

Accepted Answer

The "5" in this result represents the degrees of freedom, which is a parameter often reported in statistical outputs, especially in the context of chi-square (χ) tests or other similar statistical tests.

Question 4

Which of the following nonparametric tests is used to answer the following research question: "What is the exact likelihood of getting six heads on a toss of six coins?"
A)Mann-Whitney U
B)Fisher's exact
C)Kolmogorov-Smirnov
D)the median test

Accepted Answer

Fisher's exact test is used to calculate the exact probability of obtaining a specific outcome in a contingency table. In this case, we can set up a 2x6 contingency table with the columns representing the tosses of each coin and the rows representing the possible outcomes (heads or tails). We can then calculate the probability of getting six heads in this table with Fisher's exact test. The other nonparametric tests listed are used for different types of research questions and data types.

Question 5

Which of the following nonparametric tests is used to examine "before and after" changes?
A)McNemar test
B)Fisher's exact
C)chi-square one-sample test
D)Wilcoxon rank test

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following nonparametric tests is...

Question 6

Nonparametric statistics incorporate fewer assumptions.

Accepted Answer

Nonparametric statistics do not require assumptions about the underlying probability distribution or the population parameters, making them more flexible than parametric methods.

Question 7

What is the level of risk associated with rejecting a true null hypothesis called?
A)p < 0.05
B)p < 0.10
C)p < 0.15
D)power

Accepted Answer

The level of risk associated with rejecting a true null hypothesis is denoted by the p-value, which is often set at a threshold of p < 0.05 to indicate statistical significance.

Question 8

Dr.Moo would like to compute the exact probability of male or female students passing or failing on the comprehensive agricultural exam.What kind of test should she use?
A)Kolmogorov-Smirnov test
B)Friedman two-way ANOVA
C)Spearman correlation
D)Fisher's exact test

Accepted Answer

Fisher's exact test is typically used to determine if there is a significant association between two categorical variables. In this case, the variables are gender (male or female) and exam outcome (pass or fail). Therefore, Fisher's exact test is the best choice to determine the probability of male or female students passing or failing on the comprehensive agricultural exam.

Question 9

Which of the following nonparametric tests is used to answer the following research question: "Did the transfer of learning,measured by number correct,occur faster for group A than for Group B?"
A)Mann-Whitney U
B)Fisher's exact
C)Kolmogorov-Smirnov
D)the sign test

Accepted Answer

The Mann-Whitney U test is a nonparametric test used to compare differences between two independent groups on a continuous or ordinal outcome variable. In this case, the outcome variable is the number correct (ordinal) and the research question is comparing two groups, A and B. Therefore, the Mann-Whitney U test is the best choice for answering this research question.

Question 10

In the result χ²₍₅₎ = 9.4,p < 0.05,what is 0.05? A)the value of the obtained value B)the value of the critical value C)the significance level D)the degrees of freedom

Accepted Answer

0.05 represents the significance level, which is the level of probability at which we reject the null hypothesis. It is predetermined before conducting the statistical test and is typically set at 0.05 or 0.01.

Question 11

Which of the following nonparametric tests is used to answer the following research question: "Is preschool twice as effective as no preschool experience for helping develop children's language skills?"
A)McNemar
B)Fisher's exact
C)Chi-square one-sample test
D)Wilcoxon rank test

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following nonparametric tests is...

Question 12

In calculating a one-sample chi-square test,if you had 3 degrees of freedom,your variable would have ______ categories.
A)4
B)3
C)5
D)2

Accepted Answer

The number of categories is equal to the degrees of freedom plus one. Therefore, with 3 degrees of freedom, there would be 4 categories.

Question 13

If there are four categories for which you are calculating a one-sample chi-square,what are the degrees of freedom?
A)0
B)1
C)2
D)3

Accepted Answer

The degrees of freedom for a one-sample chi-square test are calculated as the number of categories minus one. Therefore, with four categories, the degrees of freedom would be 4 - 1 = 3.

Question 14

What is the most appropriate test to use to examine the relationship between employee performance ratings in the year prior to a staff development program compared to the year after?
A)Pearson's correlation
B)Spearman correlation
C)McNemar test
D)Mann-Whitney U test

Accepted Answer

The McNemar test is most appropriate for examining the relationship between paired nominal data, such as comparing employee performance ratings before and after a staff development program, where the same subjects are measured twice under different conditions.

Question 15

If there are six categories for which you are calculating a one-sample chi-square,what are the degrees of freedom?
A)2
B)5
C)4
D)1

Accepted Answer

The degrees of freedom for a one-sample chi-square test are calculated as the number of categories minus one. Therefore, with six categories, the degrees of freedom would be 6 - 1 = 5.

Question 16

If there is almost no difference between what is observed and what is expected,your chi-square value will be ______.
A)close to 0
B)close to 1
C)close to -1
D)impossible to determine

Accepted Answer

If there is almost no difference between what is observed and what is expected, it means that the observed values are close to the expected values. In this case, the chi-square value will be close to zero.

Question 17

In the result χ²₍₅₎ = 9.4,p < 0.05,what is χ²? A)the chi-square statistic B)the critical value C)the significance level D)the obtained value

Accepted Answer

χ² is the chi-square statistic, which is calculated from the observed and expected frequencies in a contingency table.

Question 18

The exact level of significance is 0.118.It means that ______.
A)the results are significant
B)the results are not significant
C)it cannot be determined
D)it is hard to know

Accepted Answer

A level of significance of 0.118 is greater than the traditional threshold of 0.05. Therefore, the results are not significant at this level.

Question 19

In the result χ²₍₅₎ = 9.4,p < 0.05,what is 9.4? A)the obtained value B)the critical value C)the significance level D)the degrees of freedom

Accepted Answer

9.4 is the obtained value, which is the result of the statistical test.

Question 20

In calculating a one-sample chi-square test,if you had 8 degrees of freedom,your variable would have ______ categories.
A)8
B)9
C)7
D)6

Accepted Answer

The number of categories is equal to the degrees of freedom plus one, so with 8 degrees of freedom, there would be 9 categories.

Quiz 17: Chi-Square and Some Other Nonparametric Tests: What to Do When Youre Not Normal

The critical value must be compared against which of the following?

In a one-sample chi-square test,if your respondents are distributed very close to each other across the levels of your variable,your chi-square value will be ______.

In the result χ2(5) = 9.4,p < 0.05,what is 5?

Which of the following nonparametric tests is used to answer the following research question: "What is the exact likelihood of getting six heads on a toss of six coins?"

Which of the following nonparametric tests is used to examine "before and after" changes?

Nonparametric statistics incorporate fewer assumptions.

What is the level of risk associated with rejecting a true null hypothesis called?

Dr.Moo would like to compute the exact probability of male or female students passing or failing on the comprehensive agricultural exam.What kind of test should she use?

Which of the following nonparametric tests is used to answer the following research question: "Did the transfer of learning,measured by number correct,occur faster for group A than for Group B?"

In the result χ2(5) = 9.4,p < 0.05,what is 0.05?

Which of the following nonparametric tests is used to answer the following research question: "Is preschool twice as effective as no preschool experience for helping develop children's language skills?"

In calculating a one-sample chi-square test,if you had 3 degrees of freedom,your variable would have ______ categories.

If there are four categories for which you are calculating a one-sample chi-square,what are the degrees of freedom?

What is the most appropriate test to use to examine the relationship between employee performance ratings in the year prior to a staff development program compared to the year after?

If there are six categories for which you are calculating a one-sample chi-square,what are the degrees of freedom?

If there is almost no difference between what is observed and what is expected,your chi-square value will be ______.

In the result χ2(5) = 9.4,p < 0.05,what is χ2?

The exact level of significance is 0.118.It means that ______.

In the result χ2(5) = 9.4,p < 0.05,what is 9.4?

In calculating a one-sample chi-square test,if you had 8 degrees of freedom,your variable would have ______ categories.

In the result χ²₍₅₎ = 9.4,p < 0.05,what is 5?

In the result χ²₍₅₎ = 9.4,p < 0.05,what is 0.05?

In the result χ²₍₅₎ = 9.4,p < 0.05,what is χ²?

In the result χ²₍₅₎ = 9.4,p < 0.05,what is 9.4?