Question 1

Luanne suffers from alcoholism,and has had this struggle for many years.Her children are terrified that her health is deteriorating from the constant drinking,so they ask her therapist to give her a medication that will make her nauseous every time she drinks.This approach,where a negative or unpleasant result is paired with an undesirable behavior,is called __________ conditioning.

Accepted Answer

The approach of pairing a negative or unpleasant result with an undesirable behavior is called aversive conditioning. It is a type of behavior modification technique that aims to reduce unwanted behavior by associating it with something unpleasant or uncomfortable. In this case, the medication that makes Luanne feel nauseous when she drinks is an example of aversive conditioning to help her overcome her alcoholism.

Question 2

__________ learning therapy draws on the idea that we learn to act the way we do through observing and modeling others' behaviors.

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________ learning therapy draws on the idea...

Question 3

Professor Lewendowsky is growing tired of one of her students constantly coming late to class.After several warnings,none of which have any effect,she has had enough.When that student shows up ten minutes late to class the next day,Professor Lewendowsky takes her into the hall and says,"I'm sorry but you may not join us for class today.Your tardiness is now unacceptable.Please leave,and come back for our next class." The teacher has used __________ to attempt to get her student to stop coming late to class.

Accepted Answer

Contingency management involves changing behavior by modifying its consequences, such as denying class entry to discourage tardiness.

Question 4

A __________ is an explicit agreement that thoroughly explains the consequences of several behaviors,as well as expectations of the client and the therapist.

Accepted Answer

A behavioral contract is a written agreement that outlines specific behaviors, consequences, and expectations for both the client and therapist. It is commonly used in behavioral therapy to increase motivation and improve treatment outcomes. The other options are not accurate descriptions of a behavioral contract.

Question 5

Marvin and Jessica come in to therapy to work on some problems in their marriage,but it is clear to the therapist that Marvin is quite a bit more interested in the process than Jessica.The therapist asks to have an individual session with each,and while seeing Jessica privately they talk about whether she wants to save the marriage and work out the problems.The therapist is trying to assess Jessica's __________ to be in therapy,because if it is too low the therapy is very unlikely to be successful.This is one of the four key components crucial to the success of psychotherapy.

Accepted Answer

Motivation is the factor being assessed by the therapist during the private session with Jessica. It is one of the four key components necessary for the success of psychotherapy, along with the therapist-client relationship, client resources, and treatment techniques. Without sufficient motivation, a client is unlikely to fully engage in the therapeutic process and make the necessary changes for successful outcomes.

Question 6

Psychologists and psychiatrists have different types of training.

Accepted Answer

Psychologists and psychiatrists have different educational backgrounds and training requirements. Psychologists typically have a doctoral degree in psychology and receive extensive training in research and therapy techniques, while psychiatrists are medical doctors who have completed additional training in the diagnosis and treatment of mental health disorders using medication and other medical interventions.

Question 7

The success of psychotherapy has been attributed to a number of factors.One of them is __________,which suggests that psychotherapy provides a welcome dose of acceptance,empathy,and encouragement which may be lacking in an individual's personal life.

Accepted Answer

The factor being described is support, which refers to the emotional support and encouragement provided by the therapist in the therapeutic relationship. This support can help clients feel accepted and understood, which may not be present in their personal lives.

Question 8

Which is more effective at treating psychological problems,psychotherapy or medication?

Accepted Answer

Different psychological conditions may require different treatment approaches, and the effectiveness of either psychotherapy or medication may depend on the individual's circumstances. Additionally, a combination of both psychotherapy and medication may be the best option for some individuals. Therefore, determining which treatment is best depends on the person and the condition being treated.

Question 9

__________ therapy is a type of therapy designed to modify clients' problematic behavior patterns through observation and behavior reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

Social learning therapy, also known as behavioral therapy, focuses on modifying behavior patterns through observation and reinforcement. The therapist may use techniques such as positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, or punishment to encourage desired behaviors and discourage problematic behaviors. The goal is to help the client learn new, more adaptive behaviors and replace maladaptive ones.

Question 10

__________ management is an operant conditioning strategy that involves altering the relationship between a person's actions and those actions' consequences to replace unwanted behaviors with desirable ones.

Accepted Answer

Contingency management is the operant conditioning strategy that reinforces positive behavior with rewards or consequences, which can help to replace and eliminate unwanted behaviors with desirable ones. By changing the relationship between actions and consequences, individuals can learn and develop new behaviors that are more adaptive and functional. This approach has been widely used in various settings, including addiction treatment, weight management, and behavior therapy.

Question 11

Psychopharmacology is the study of how drugs affect the mind and behavior.

Accepted Answer

Psychopharmacology is a branch of psychology that focuses on studying how psychoactive drugs affect mood, behavior, and cognitive processes. It examines the effects of drugs on neurotransmitter systems, such as the dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine systems, and how these effects can be used to treat mental disorders.

Question 12

The terms 'client' and 'patient' mean the same thing and are interchangeable.

Accepted Answer

While these terms are often used interchangeably, there is a subtle difference between their meanings. A client typically refers to someone who seeks professional services voluntarily, while a patient typically refers to someone who is seeking medical attention or treatment for a health condition. However, the specific usage of these terms can vary depending on the context and the profession.

Question 13

Dr.Dewoskin believes that one thing he must help clients see is the possibility that things can get better,that there is "light at the end of the tunnel," and that the results will justify the intense effort required in psychotherapy.This factor,__________,has been found to be one of the key factors that make psychotherapy successful.

Accepted Answer

The factor mentioned is the belief in the possibility that things can get better, which falls under the category of hope. Research has shown that hope is a key factor in making psychotherapy successful. While support, new perspective, and motivation can all be important in therapy, the specific factor mentioned in the question refers to hope.

Question 14

Which type of psychotherapy is the best?

Accepted Answer

Different types of psychotherapy work best for different people, depending on factors such as their individual needs, personality, and disorder. It's important to match the type of therapy with the specific client and situation. There is no one-size-fits-all answer to which type of therapy is the best.

Question 15

James was working at a job where his new boss was really grating on his nerves.He wasn't making that much more money at this new job,he had offers to go elsewhere,and he did not have any particular reason to stay at the job.Nevertheless,he continued working at this difficult and anxiety-producing job because he had been there for six years and did not want to "quit." He went to see a psychotherapist to help overcome the anxiety that he was feeling,and one of her first questions was,"is there anything positive that you can tell me about this job? You sound so unhappy there that I'm not sure I understand why you haven't left yet." James's therapist is giving him (a)__________,which is one of the key factors to why psychotherapy is usually successful.

Accepted Answer

The therapist is challenging James to see his job from a different perspective, which can help him reframe his negative thoughts and emotions about it. This new perspective can lead to a shift in behavior and motivation, which is a key factor in successful psychotherapy. The other options may also be helpful in therapy, but they are not specifically demonstrated in this scenario.

Question 16

The difference between a psychiatric social worker and a clinical social worker is that the former	
holds a doctorate in social work while the latter holds a master's degree in social work.

Accepted Answer

The difference between a psychiatric social worker and a clinical social worker is not related to their academic degree. Both may hold a master's degree in social work, but their focus and setting of work may differ. Psychiatric social workers specialize in working with individuals with mental illnesses, while clinical social workers may work in a variety of settings including hospitals, rehabilitation centers, schools, and private practice, among others.

Question 17

Which of the following is not one of the four key components of successful psychotherapy?

Accepted Answer

The four key components of successful psychotherapy are hope, support, motivation, and interpretation. Interpretation refers to the therapist's role in helping the patient understand the root causes of their issues and behaviors, but it is not considered essential to successful therapy.

Question 18

The study of clinical psychology is the same as the study of counseling psychology.The name	
difference reflects the different degree that is awarded to students in each discipline.

Accepted Answer

Clinical psychology and counseling psychology are two separate and distinct disciplines within psychology. While they have some similarities in terms of therapeutic approaches, clinical psychology typically focuses on the treatment of more severe mental illnesses and may involve research and assessment, while counseling psychology tends to focus on more typical life stressors and developmental issues. The degree awarded in each discipline may also differ, with clinical psychology typically requiring a doctoral degree (Ph.D. or Psy.D.) while counseling psychology may offer both master's and doctoral degrees.

Question 19

According to a Consumer Reports study exploring the relationship between therapeutic improvement and length of time in therapy,those receiving therapy for __________ showed the greatest amount of psychological improvement.

Accepted Answer

The study found that individuals who engaged in therapy for more than two years experienced the most significant psychological improvement, likely due to the extended time allowing for deeper exploration and resolution of issues.

Question 20

In a study of three groups of patients suffering from generalized anxiety disorder - one group receiving no treatment,one group receiving behavioral treatment,and one group receiving psychodynamic treatment - which group showed the most improvement after treatment was completed?

Accepted Answer

The study found that both experimental groups (behavioral and psychodynamic) showed greater improvement than the control group that received no treatment, but they did not find a significant difference in improvement between the two experimental groups. Therefore, the best answer is A: the two experimental groups showed approximately the same amount of improvement, which in both cases was greater than the improvement shown by members of the control group.

Quiz 18: Psychological Therapies