Question 1

An ego state is

Accepted Answer

An ego state is a psychological "video recording" of a person's previous transactions with real people. It is a part of the personality that is tied to specific memories, emotions, behaviors, and attitudes. Ego states can be activated in response to certain triggers, and can influence a person's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.

Question 2

In which of Sullivan's developmental modes does the individual begin to make temporal connections between experiences by the use of familiar sequences?

Accepted Answer

In the parataxic mode, individuals begin to connect experiences in sequence based on similarity or contiguity, but these connections are not yet logical or validated by consensus with others. This mode represents a more organized way of experiencing the world compared to the protaxic mode, but it is still pre-logical.

Question 3

Who provided a visual map of interpersonal relationships?

Accepted Answer

Timothy Leary developed a visual map known as the "Interpersonal Diagnosis of Personality," which is a circular diagram that outlines eight different personality types and how they interact with one another in relationships.

Question 4

Which of Berne's ego states is described as "an onboard computer, allowing one to organize, test, and evaluate reality"?

Accepted Answer

The Adult ego state is described by Berne as the part of our personality that acts like an onboard computer, allowing us to organize, test, and evaluate reality in a rational and objective way.

Question 5

What is a personification?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is a personification?
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Question 6

The stage in which a child is learning and using language is called

Accepted Answer

The stage in which a child is learning and using language is called the syntaxic stage. This is when children understand and use the rules of grammar and syntax to create sentences and communicate effectively. Choices A and B are not terms commonly used in developmental psychology, and choice D does not provide a correct answer.

Question 7

Who formulated the interpersonal theory of psychoanalysis?

Accepted Answer

The interpersonal theory of psychoanalysis was formulated by Harry Stack Sullivan, a psychoanalyst and psychiatrist. He believed that interpersonal relationships were the building blocks of personality development, and that individuals' interactions with their environment, particularly their close relationships, shaped their sense of self and identity.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT one of Sullivan's personifications?

Accepted Answer

Sullivan's personifications include Good-me, Bad-me, and Not-me. Perfect-me is not one of his personifications.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT one of Sullivan's constructs?

Accepted Answer

Ego states are not one of Sullivan's constructs; they are more closely associated with the theories of Eric Berne and his development of transactional analysis. Sullivan's constructs include dynamisms, security operations, and the integrating tendency, among others, which are part of his interpersonal theory of psychiatry.

Question 10

Eric Berne is considered the founder of

Accepted Answer

Eric Berne is considered the founder of transactional analysis, which is a psychoanalytic theory and method that aims to improve communication and relationships between individuals. Berne's book "Games People Play" is one of the foundational works in transactional analysis. He was not associated with humanistic psychology, social constructivism, or functional analysis.

Question 11

Ego states include all EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

Ego states include Parent, Adult, and Child, but not sibling.

Question 12

When an unexpected response is made to the transactional stimulus, it is called

Accepted Answer

When an unexpected response is made to the transactional stimulus, it is called a crossed transaction. In a crossed transaction, the response is not in line with the expected transactional response, and it may lead to confusion or miscommunication. The other options are not relevant in this context.

Question 13

According to Berne, a is a life plan, strongly influencing the course of a person's transactions.

Accepted Answer

Berne defines a script as a life plan that heavily influences a person's transactional patterns.

Question 14

A group of girls who enjoy playing together would be an example of

Accepted Answer

The answer of A group of girls who enjoy playing...

Question 15

Vincent was walking to class when he saw Nathaniel. They both waved and said, "Hey, how are you?" over their shoulders, but neither one stopped to answer. This is what Berne would call a(n)

Accepted Answer

The interaction between Vincent and Nathaniel was a ritual, as it followed a predictable pattern of greeting without either of them intending to engage in deeper conversation or exchange information.

Question 16

Sullivan's is/are equivalent to the "coping mechanisms" of the theorists in past chapters.

Accepted Answer

Security operations, which are a set of mental and behavioral responses to anxiety, serve as a coping mechanism in Sullivan's interpersonal theory.

Question 17

Bob's mother always praised his crayon scribblings when he was little and showed them to all of her friends, who would exclaim that Bob was quite the little artist. As an adult, Bob sees himself as a creative, inventive, and enterprising person. This is an example of Bob's part of his self-system.

Accepted Answer

Bob's mother's positive feedback and praise for his childhood scribblings likely helped form his "good-me" self-system, which consists of beliefs about oneself as worthy, lovable, and competent. This belief likely contributed to Bob's self-concept as a creative and inventive person as an adult.

Question 18

Someone who is "spontaneous, creative, and rebellious" is demonstrating characteristics of what Berne would call a(n)

Accepted Answer

The description of being "spontaneous, creative, and rebellious" aligns with Berne's concept of the spontaneous child, who is characterized by the desire for immediate pleasure, spontaneity, and a lack of concern for convention.

Question 19

Leary and fellow researchers provided visual diagrams in the form of

Accepted Answer

Leary and fellow researchers provided visual diagrams in the form of an interpersonal circumplex, which is a circular model that depicts the various dimensions of interpersonal behavior. The model places different traits (such as dominance, warmth, etc.) on separate axes around the circumference of the circle, and interpersonal behavior is plotted according to the degree to which it reflects these traits.

Question 20

Martha told Shelly that the way she decorated her bedroom looked really stupid. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

Martha's comment is a negative stroke because it is an unfavorable or critical comment. It is also a discount because it dismisses or diminishes the value of Shelly's choice in decorating her bedroom.

Quiz 9: From Object-Relations to Dyadic Theories of Personality