Question 1

Anthropologists have concluded that all known groups over the past hundred thousand years have had some form of religion one of which is______________.

Accepted Answer

Anthropologists have found evidence of animistic beliefs and practices in almost every culture throughout history, making it a common form of religion. Animism is the belief that spirits or souls exist not only in humans, but also in animals, plants, rocks, natural phenomena, and even inanimate objects. This belief system is often characterized by shamanism and ancestor worship.

Question 2

When Muslims bow toward Mecca,the holy city of Islam,five times a day at fixed times to pray to God,and Christians participate in the celebration of communion to commemorate the life,death,and resurrection of Jesus,they are engaging in:

Accepted Answer

The described actions are examples of rituals, which are a set of formalized actions performed regularly for spiritual or cultural purposes. These rituals may have religious significance, but they do not necessarily involve supernatural or magical beliefs.

Question 3

______________ has been used to explain mystifying events of nature,such as sunrises and thunderstorms,and the ways in which some objects may bring a person good or bad luck.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ______________ has been used to explain mystifying...

Question 4

People often act out their religious beliefs in the form of______________,which are regularly repeated and carefully prescribed forms of behaviors that symbolize a cherished value or belief.

Accepted Answer

The given definition matches the concept of rituals, which are carefully prescribed forms of behavior that symbolize a cherished value or belief. Sacred ceremonies, supernatural rites, and magical rites also involve religious beliefs and practices, but they do not necessarily have to follow a prescribed form of behavior.

Question 5

A sect is a loosely organized religious group with practices and teachings outside the dominant cultural and religious traditions of a society.Sect leadership is based on charismatic characteristics of the individual leader,including an unusual ability to communicate and to form attachments with other people.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A sect is a loosely organized religious...

Question 6

______________ is a system of beliefs and practices (rituals)-based on some sacred or supernatural realm-that guides human behavior,gives meaning to life,and unites believers into a single moral community.

Accepted Answer

The definition provided clearly describes religion as a system of beliefs and practices that guide human behavior and give meaning to life based on some sacred or supernatural realm. Secularization refers to the decline of religious influence in society, fundamentalism refers to a conservative and literal interpretation of religious doctrine, and liberation theology is a movement within Christianity that focuses on social justice and political activism.

Question 7

Not only are we seeing the creation of new religious forms,but we are also seeing a dramatic revitalization of traditional forms of religious life.One example of this change is religious fundamentalism,which has found a new audience among young people age eighteen to twenty- four.

Accepted Answer

The statement affirms that traditional forms of religious life are being revitalized and that religious fundamentalism has gained a new audience among young people.

Question 8

Secular humanism is the belief that human beings can become better through their own efforts rather than through belief in God and a religious conversion.

Accepted Answer

Secular humanism emphasizes the importance of reason, ethics, and individual freedom, and sees human beings as capable of improving themselves and society without the need for supernatural intervention.

Question 9

The argument over______________is the latest debate in a lengthy battle over the teaching of creationism versus evolutionism in public schools,and is only one of many arguments that will continue to take place regarding the appropriate relationship between public education and religion in the United States.

Accepted Answer

The argument mentioned in the sentence is about teaching either creationism or evolutionism in public schools. The term "intelligent design" refers to the belief that life on earth is too complex to have evolved by natural selection alone, and that there must have been some sort of intelligent agent involved in the process. This idea has often been presented as an alternative to evolution in public schools, and has been the subject of many debates and court cases. Therefore, choice C is the best answer.

Question 10

In very simple preindustrial societies,religion often takes the form of______________-the belief that supernatural forces affect people's lives either positively or negatively.

Accepted Answer

Simple supernaturalism is the belief that supernatural forces affect people's lives either positively or negatively, and it is most commonly found in very simple preindustrial societies. Animism refers to the belief that objects, places, and creatures all possess a distinct spiritual essence, while theism refers to the belief in one or more gods. Transcendent idealism is a philosophical and metaphysical concept that suggests that reality exists independent of human perception and that knowledge of reality is only possible through mental intuition or reasoning.

Question 11

______________ is the belief that plants,animals,or other elements of the natural world are endowed with spirits or life forces having an impact on events in society.

Accepted Answer

Animism is the belief that natural objects and phenomena, such as plants or thunderstorms, have individual spirits or souls. These spirits or life forces are seen as having an impact on events in society. Theism, on the other hand, is the belief in a god or gods who created and often continue to intervene in the world. Simple supernaturalism refers to a belief in forces or beings that exist outside of the natural world, while transcendent idealism is a philosophical perspective that emphasizes the importance of consciousness and the mind over the material world.

Question 12

A traditional religious doctrine that is conservative,typically opposed to modernity,and rejects
"worldly pleasure" in favor of otherworldly spirituality is known as secularization.

Accepted Answer

The description given in the statement does not match with the definition of secularization. A traditional religious doctrine that is conservative, typically opposed to modernity, and rejects "worldly pleasure" in favor of otherworldly spirituality is typically known as traditionalism or fundamentalism. Secularization, on the other hand, refers to the process by which society becomes more focused on worldly or non-religious matters and less focused on religion.

Question 13

According to sociologist Emile Durkheim,______________refers to those aspects of life that are extraordinary or supernatural-in other words,those things that are set apart as "holy."

Accepted Answer

According to Emile Durkheim, the term "sacred" refers to those aspects of life that are extraordinary or supernatural and set apart as holy. The opposite of sacred is "profane," which refers to the mundane or everyday aspects of life. While spirituality and magic can be associated with the sacred, they are not the exact same thing. Therefore, the best choice is B.

Question 14

In the educational debate over creationism and evolutionism,advocates of creationism view their belief as founded in______________teachings.

Accepted Answer

Advocates of creationism view their belief as founded in sacred teachings, namely the religious texts and beliefs of their faith.

Question 15

Both religion and spirituality require that persons engage in______________,which is a confident belief that cannot be proven or disproven but is accepted as true.

Accepted Answer

The word "faith" is defined as a confident belief in something that cannot be proven or disproven, which fits the description given in the question. Trust, security, and confidence are related concepts, but they do not necessarily require accepting something as true without proof.

Question 16

Some sociologists believe that a more accurate metaphor for religion______________in the global village is that of the______________,in which religious institutions and traditions compete for adherents,and worshippers shop for a religion in much the same way that consumers decide what goods and services they will purchase.

Accepted Answer

The concept of a "religious marketplace" suggests that religious institutions and traditions compete for followers, similar to how businesses compete for consumers in a marketplace. This metaphor aligns with the idea of individuals choosing religions like consumers choose products.

Question 17

Religion in the United States is very diverse.Pluralism and religious freedom are among the cultural values most widely espoused,and no state church or single denomination predominates.Protestants constitute the largest religious body in the United States,followed by Roman Catholics.

Accepted Answer

This statement accurately describes the diversity of religion in the United States and the absence of a dominant state church or denomination. Protestants and Roman Catholics are the two largest religious groups in the country.

Question 18

In the educational debate over creationism and evolutionism,advocates of evolutionism argue that their beliefs are based on______________facts.

Accepted Answer

Advocates of evolutionism argue that their beliefs are based on profane facts, meaning they rely on empirical, scientific evidence rather than religious or spiritual beliefs.

Question 19

The relationship between the individual and something larger than oneself,such as a broader sense of connection with the surrounding world,is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

The relationship between the individual and something larger than oneself is often considered a spiritual concept, so the best choice is B - spirituality. Religion and theology can be a part of spirituality, but they are more specific concepts. Psychology is not directly related to the relationship between the individual and something larger than oneself.

Question 20

The______________refers to the everyday,secular,or "worldly" aspects of life.Secular beliefs have their foundation in scientific knowledge or everyday explanations.

Accepted Answer

The profane refers to the everyday, secular, or "worldly" aspects of life. Secular beliefs have their foundation in scientific knowledge or everyday explanations.

Quiz 17: Religion