Question 1

Which document received international attention, helping to stimulate the World Health Organization to convene a meeting of member countries to address the disparities in health status between developed and underdeveloped countries?

Accepted Answer

A

Question 2

Which primary health care (PHC) project best addresses inequities within society?

Accepted Answer

An intersectoral plan that focuses on lobbying for improvements from a minimum wage to a living wage addresses the root cause of many health inequities, which is poverty. By advocating for a living wage, the plan aims to address the social determinants of health that influence health outcomes, such as access to healthy food, safe housing, and healthcare. This approach targets systemic inequalities and has the potential for long-term impact on health equity. The other options address specific health issues but do not directly address systemic inequalities.

Question 3

What is used to measure the health of populations as well as the progress made toward creating healthier citizens?

Accepted Answer

Population health indicators are used to measure the health of populations and how effectively interventions, such as prevention and health promotion campaigns, are improving the health of citizens. While prevention interventions, social marketing campaigns, and health promotion are all important tools in promoting population health, they are not the primary measures of progress.

Question 4

Which global conference resulted in the Bangkok Charter for Health Promotion in a Globalized World?

Accepted Answer

The Bangkok Charter for Health Promotion in a Globalized World was adopted at the 6th Global Conference on Health Promotion held in Bangkok, Thailand in 2005.

Question 5

There are variations in the literature about the terms used to describe the social determinants of health. Which term below best describes income and social status?

Accepted Answer

Income and social status are best described by the term poverty. Although housing and education can also be considered social determinants of health, they are not as closely related to income and social status as poverty is. Gender is a separate social determinant of health that relates to the biological differences between males and females.

Question 6

A nurse is involved in political action to reduce homelessness by increasing the availability of affordable housing. Which primary health care principles is the nurse utilizing?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A nurse is involved in political action...

Question 7

"The process of enabling people to increase control over and improve their health" is a definition of what concept?

Accepted Answer

Health promotion is defined as the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health. This involves a wide range of social and environmental interventions designed to benefit and protect individual people's health and quality of life by addressing and preventing the root causes of ill health, not just focusing on treatment and cure.

Question 8

The World Health Organization describes Primary Health Care as the route to better health for all, with eight essential elements to achieve that goal. Which of the following is part of the eight essential elements?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The World Health Organization describes Primary Health...

Question 9

What does the Population Health Promotion Model most closely reflect?

Accepted Answer

The Population Health Promotion Model emphasizes the impact of social, economic, and environmental factors on health outcomes, making it most closely aligned with the socio-environmental perspective.

Question 10

A nurse is working on a project aimed at addressing the effects of poverty on a community's health. Which primary health care value is being enacted in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

The primary health care value being enacted in this scenario is social justice, which involves promoting equity in healthcare access and outcomes for all individuals regardless of their socioeconomic status. The nurse's project to address the effects of poverty on a community's health aligns with this value as poverty is a significant social determinant of health that disproportionately impacts certain communities.

Question 11

Non-communicable diseases such as heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and many cancers are directly linked to physical inactivity. Which of the following initiatives can be used to increase population levels of physical activity?

Accepted Answer

Public education using mass media to change social norms on physical activity is the most suitable initiative to increase population levels of physical activity. This will create an environment of encouragement and motivation towards physical activity and promote it as a cultural and societal norm. The other options, while positively impacting health in general, do not directly address physical inactivity as the root cause of non-communicable diseases.

Question 12

A conference in what Canadian city is widely recognized as having given birth to the worldwide health promotion movement?

Accepted Answer

The conference in Ottawa, Canada, in 1986 is widely recognized as having given birth to the worldwide health promotion movement, leading to the adoption of the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion.

Question 13

What publication is widely recognized as marking the transition from medical and behavioural health determinants to a new socio-environmental health promotion approach?

Accepted Answer

The Ottawa Charter, published in 1986, is widely recognized as marking the transition from medical and behavioural health determinants to a new socio-environmental health promotion approach. It outlined five key action areas for health promotion: building healthy public policies, creating supportive environments, strengthening community action, developing personal skills, and reorienting health services.

Question 14

A nurse participating in an active, involved process where the people, groups, and communities in the area are moving toward increased individual and community control, political efficacy, improved quality of community life, and social justice. What is the nurse working toward?

Accepted Answer

The nurse is working towards community empowerment, which involves active involvement in processes towards increased individual and community control, political efficacy, improved quality of community life, and social justice. The other choices, a lifestyle approach and biomedical stability, do not encompass the same level of community involvement and empowerment. Developing a healthy city may be a component of community empowerment, but is not the primary focus of the nurse's actions as described in the question.

Question 15

One of the principles of Primary Health Care is appropriate technology. Appropriate technology m

Accepted Answer

The answer of One of the principles of Primary Health...

Question 16

Social marketing is based on the "4 Ps" of commercial marketing. Which of the following are part of the "4 Ps"? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The "4 Ps" of marketing are Product, Price, Place, and Promotion, which correspond to the options A, B, C, and D.

Question 17

One difference between the Toronto Charter on the Social Determinants of Health and the determinants of health as presented in the Population Health Promotion Model is:

Accepted Answer

The answer of One difference between the Toronto Charter on...

Question 18

Which country is known to be a leader in health promotion?

Accepted Answer

Canada is known to be a leader in health promotion due to its strong commitment to universal healthcare, promotion of healthy lifestyles, and emphasis on social determinants of health. Canada has implemented various policies and programs to promote health, such as the Canada Health Act, which ensures accessibility and comprehensiveness of healthcare services, and the Healthy Living Initiative, which promotes healthy eating, physical activity, and tobacco reduction. Additionally, Canada has made efforts to reduce health inequalities through initiatives like the Health Equity Impact Assessment tool.

Question 19

A nurse works in a large urban hospital using telehealth to provide cardiac consultations to clients in rural settings. What principle of Primary Health Care (PHC) is evident in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

The principle of accessibility is evident as the use of telehealth technology provides clients in rural settings access to cardiac consultations with a nurse in a large urban hospital, overcoming geographical barriers to healthcare services.

Question 20

What is the definition of risk communication?

Accepted Answer

Risk communication is the process of transmitting information about an existing health risk to the public or specific groups. It aims to inform and educate people about potential hazards, how to avoid or reduce risks, and how to respond if exposed to the risk. It is a critical part of public health and risk management strategies. Options A, B, and D do not accurately describe risk communication.

Quiz 8: Health Promotion