Question 1

What is the focus of care during the relief response phase of a disaster resulting from a "dirty bomb"?

Accepted Answer

The focus during the relief response phase of a disaster involving a "dirty bomb" is on immediate medical treatment for those affected, which includes care for burns and poisoning due to the radiological component of the bomb.

Question 2

A nurse learns of a mass casualty disaster following a known terrorist attack.On arriving at the scene,the nurse knows that care will be based on what fact regarding these situations?

Accepted Answer

In mass casualty disasters, the principles and ground rules used in other settings and during smaller crises are still applicable. This includes prioritizing care based on the severity of injuries, using triage to manage resources effectively, and applying established emergency response protocols. The other options are incorrect because the federal government does not dictate local hospital responses (A), the least experienced nurses are not specifically assigned to triage low-risk victims or those with no chance of survival (C), and having multiple incident commanders would likely lead to confusion rather than a quick, effective response (D).

Question 3

In the preparedness phase for disasters,the community plans for a possible terrorist attack using anthrax as the weapon of destruction.What treatments and/or preparations would be needed?

Accepted Answer

Vaccines are a preventive measure against anthrax, and Level B PPE is appropriate for handling situations where there is a known or anticipated exposure to infectious agents.

Question 4

The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)has determined from a reliable source that a bomb is in the possession of a known terrorist group and the likely target is a government building in the local community.What term is used to identify this situation?

Accepted Answer

A credible threat is identified when there is reliable information or evidence indicating a potential threat, in this case, the information about a bomb with a known terrorist group targeting a government building.

Question 5

Nurses and community officials are working together to ensure that churches and schools have needed supplies to provide shelter for large numbers of individuals in the event of a natural or manmade disaster.These activities represent which phase of a disaster continuum?

Accepted Answer

The activities described are part of the Preparedness phase of a disaster continuum, which involves planning and preparing resources and procedures to effectively respond to a disaster, ensuring that shelters have the necessary supplies for individuals affected by the disaster.

Question 6

The emergency response team responded to a terrorist attack where hundreds of people died following symptoms of chest tightness,palpations,seizures,and finally paralysis.A colorless odorless liquid known as Sarin (GB)was the agent,which is primarily inhaled with limited exposure through the skin.The concentration of Sarin has not been measured.What level is the minimum level of personal protection and safety equipment (PPE)that would be needed?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The emergency response team responded to a...

Question 7

A state is devastated by a tornado killing many people,destroying communication systems,utility services,homes,and medical facilities.The state requests immediate assistance from the U.S.Congress and from surrounding states.The affected state should first contact what agency?

Accepted Answer

The Emergency Management Assistance Compact (EMAC) is the first agency a state should contact for immediate assistance in the event of a disaster like a tornado. EMAC is a state-led, national mutual aid system that facilitates states assisting each other during disasters.

Question 8

Health care professionals have been activated to respond to a disaster,and the registered nurse who is coordinating the effort realizes that fact about the situation? (Select all that apply. )

Accepted Answer

In a mass casualty incident, care is prioritized to those with the greatest chance of survival. Communities are encouraged to use their own resources first to stabilize and organize the response before seeking external assistance.

Question 9

Following a terrorist attack,victims are exhibiting posttraumatic stress syndrome,and care providers are exhibiting compassion fatigue.Which federal response system should be initiated to begin to address victim and provider psychosocial needs?

Accepted Answer

The Metropolitan Medical Response System (MMRS) is designed to manage and coordinate the response to a mass casualty incident, including addressing the psychosocial needs of victims and care providers. It integrates emergency management, health, and medical systems into a coordinated response to a disaster or large-scale emergency, including the provision of mental health services.

Question 10

The Metropolitan Medical Response System (MMRS)is accurately described by which statement?

Accepted Answer

The Metropolitan Medical Response System (MMRS) includes responders who have received specialized training and equipment to handle mass casualty incidents, which is a key component of its design to enhance local response capabilities.

Question 11

A community in the New Madrid fault zone experiences an earthquake resulting in injuries from propelled objects and abrasions for many victims.The local supply of antibiotics is quickly exhausted.Local authorities would contact which agency for access to the needed medication?

Accepted Answer

The Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) is designed to provide large quantities of essential medical supplies, including medications, to states and communities during public health emergencies when local supplies are depleted. This makes it the appropriate agency to contact for access to needed medications after an earthquake.

Question 12

The disaster medical assistance team works quickly to contain contaminants from a chemical plant explosion.Afterward,personnel undergo a special process to remove harmful chemicals from equipment and supplies.This removal process is referred to by what term?

Accepted Answer

Decontamination is the process of cleaning to remove contaminants, including harmful chemicals, from personnel, equipment, and supplies, especially after exposure to hazardous materials such as those from a chemical plant explosion.

Question 13

A group of local volunteers have completed an emergency response course and are able to assist with triage of injured citizens.They also participate in local health fairs to teach residents how to react during tornadoes.The responders are members of what organization?

Accepted Answer

The Medical Reserve Corps (MRC) is a national network of volunteers, organized locally to improve the health and safety of their communities. MRC volunteers include medical and public health professionals who can assist with emergency response and are also involved in community education efforts, such as teaching residents how to react during tornadoes.

Question 14

Nurses caring for the victims of a mass casualty incident based on what principle?

Accepted Answer

Triaging during a mass casualty incident prioritizes individuals based on their chance of survival with the resources available, aiming to do the greatest good for the greatest number of people. This means that those with the greatest likelihood of survival with intervention are treated first, rather than simply treating the most critically ill without regard to survival probability.

Question 15

The crisis communication officer may first inform the public or health care facility of a disaster or an act of terrorism.What is the primary responsibility of this representative regarding information regarding the event?

Accepted Answer

The primary responsibility of a crisis communication officer is to provide clear and accurate information about the event to both the facility involved and the public, including the news media, to ensure everyone is properly informed.

Question 16

During a community health fair,the disaster medical assistance team (DMAT)informs participants that every community must be ready to provide disaster care.A participant asks,"In a disaster,the local community cannot possibly be effective,so why not have a plan to call federal agencies immediately to provide relief?" How should the DMAT respond to this question?

Accepted Answer

The community is indeed the 'first responder' to any disaster, meaning they are the first line of defense and response before state or federal assistance can be mobilized. This is why local preparedness is crucial.

Question 17

A terrorist incident has occurred,resulting in a possible exposure to smallpox.What term would be used to classify this incident?

Accepted Answer

Smallpox is caused by the variola virus, which is a biological agent. Therefore, an incident involving exposure to smallpox would be classified as a biologic incident.

Question 18

A nurse is interested in learning the phases of the disaster continuum and realizes it has many similarities to the nursing process.To better understand the phases of a disaster,which is true when comparing the phases of the disaster continuum to the nursing process?

Accepted Answer

The preparedness phase of the disaster continuum involves planning and preparing for potential disasters, which aligns with the assessment (gathering information) and planning (developing strategies) steps of the nursing process.

Question 19

Troops from the United States participating in a peace mission in a foreign country were the victims of suicide bombers and many soldiers were evacuated back home to receive specialized medical care.The nation's medical responses will be augmented by what organization?

Accepted Answer

The federally coordinated National Disaster Medical System is designed to provide specialized medical care and support during disasters, including situations where troops are injured abroad and need to be evacuated back home for medical treatment.

Question 20

A nurse who is conducting a staff in-service on the phases of a disaster continuum teaches participants that,during the impact/response stage,activities focus on what?

Accepted Answer

During the impact/response stage of a disaster continuum, the focus is on initiating effective, appropriate response activities to address the immediate needs and effects of the disaster. This includes actions such as search and rescue, providing medical care, and ensuring the safety and security of the affected population.

Quiz 16: Emergency Preparedness and Response for Todays World