Question 1

Which of the following are granulocytes?
I. Lymphocytes
II. Neutrophils
III. Eosinophils
IV. Basophils

Accepted Answer

Granulocytes, a type of white blood cell, include neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils, which are characterized by the presence of granules in their cytoplasm. Lymphocytes, which lack these granules, are not considered granulocytes.

Question 2

In the normal adult female, what is the hematocrit value?

Accepted Answer

The normal hematocrit value for an adult female typically ranges from 36% to 48%, with 42% being a common average value.

Question 3

What is the term or acronym for the percentage of RBCs in the blood volume?

Accepted Answer

Hematocrit is the term used to describe the percentage of red blood cells (RBCs) in the blood volume.

Question 4

What is the primary function of erythrocytes?

Accepted Answer

Erythrocytes, or red blood cells, primarily function to transport oxygen (O2) from the lungs to the body's tissues and carbon dioxide (CO2) from the tissues back to the lungs for exhalation.

Question 5

Which of the following are functions of blood?
I. Regulate pH and osmosis
II. Maintain body temperature
III. Transport nutrients and waste products
IV. Form clots

Accepted Answer

Blood performs several critical functions within the body, including regulating pH and osmosis, maintaining body temperature, transporting nutrients and waste products, and forming clots to prevent excessive bleeding.

Question 6

What is the average blood volume in adult males?

Accepted Answer

The average blood volume in adult males is typically around 5-6 liters.

Question 7

Which anemia results from an autosomal recessive hereditary disorder?

Accepted Answer

Sickle cell anemia is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder, meaning that an individual must inherit two copies of the abnormal gene (one from each parent) to develop the disease.

Question 8

What is the average lifespan of a RBC?

Accepted Answer

The average lifespan of a red blood cell (RBC) is approximately 120 days.

Question 9

What is the primary function of leukocytes?

Accepted Answer

Leukocytes, or white blood cells, are primarily responsible for protecting the body against invading microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi, by identifying and destroying these pathogens.

Question 10

In a healthy newborn, what is the hematocrit value?

Accepted Answer

In a healthy newborn, the hematocrit value typically ranges from 45-60%, reflecting the higher red blood cell mass needed for oxygen transport immediately after birth.

Question 11

Which organs are responsible for destroying RBCs?

Accepted Answer

The spleen and liver are primarily responsible for the destruction of old or damaged red blood cells (RBCs). The spleen filters the blood and removes RBCs, while the liver processes the breakdown products.

Question 12

What percent of the total blood volume can be attributed to plasma?

Accepted Answer

Plasma makes up about 55% of the total blood volume, with the remaining volume composed of blood cells and other components.

Question 13

There are how many types of white blood cells?

Accepted Answer

There are 5 types of white blood cells, which are neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils.

Question 14

Which type of anemia is due to a deficiency of iron in the diet?

Accepted Answer

Nutritional deficiency anemia is caused by a lack of essential nutrients in the diet, including iron, which is necessary for the production of hemoglobin in red blood cells.

Question 15

What is the major component of the RBC that accounts for the red color?

Accepted Answer

Hemoglobin is the major component of red blood cells (RBCs) that gives them their red color. It is responsible for the transport of oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and the return transport of carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs.

Question 16

Which type of anemia is due to blood loss?

Accepted Answer

Hemorrhagic anemia is directly caused by blood loss, which can occur due to various reasons such as injury, surgery, or conditions that cause internal bleeding.

Question 17

What is the primary function of hemoglobin?
I. Transport oxygen from the lungs to the tissue cells
II. Transport carbon dioxide from the tissue cells to the lungs
III. Regulate pH
IV. Form clots

Accepted Answer

Hemoglobin primarily transports oxygen from the lungs to the tissue cells and carbon dioxide from the tissue cells to the lungs. It does not directly regulate pH or form clots; those functions are primarily managed by other systems and molecules in the body.

Question 18

Which anemia results from an inadequate dietary intake of vitamin B12?

Accepted Answer

Pernicious anemia is caused by a deficiency in vitamin B12, often due to inadequate dietary intake or poor absorption.

Question 19

What is the average blood volume in adult females?

Accepted Answer

The average blood volume in adult females is approximately 4-5 liters, which is slightly less than the average for adult males due to differences in body size and composition.

Question 20

Which type of anemia is due to autoimmune disease?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which type of anemia is due to...

Quiz 5: The Anatomy and Physiology of the Circulatory System

Which of the following are granulocytes? I. Lymphocytes II. Neutrophils III. Eosinophils IV. Basophils