Question 1

As people age from their twenties to their fifties, most types of memory:

Accepted Answer

Most types of memory remain relatively stable as people age from their twenties to their fifties, with significant declines generally not observed until later in life.

Question 2

It has been suggested that older adults might be _____ susceptible to _____ interference.

Accepted Answer

Older adults are often more susceptible to proactive interference, which is the difficulty in learning new information due to the presence of existing memories.

Question 3

For which individual would learning be the MOST difficult?

Accepted Answer

Learning new technology can be particularly challenging for older adults due to factors such as decreased cognitive flexibility, less familiarity with digital interfaces, and potential physical limitations affecting their interaction with devices.

Question 4

The principal class sex hormone present in adult females is known as:

Accepted Answer

Estrogen is the principal class of sex hormone present in adult females, playing a key role in the regulation of the reproductive system and secondary sexual characteristics.

Question 5

Which person's skill will be the MOST resistant to decline in older adulthood?

Accepted Answer

Courtney's skill as a professional chef involves procedural memory, which tends to remain more stable in older adulthood compared to other types of memory and skills that are less frequently practiced or are newly acquired.

Question 6

With which memory task would elderly individuals have the MOST difficulty?

Accepted Answer

A paired associate test of memory, which involves remembering pairs of unrelated items, is typically more challenging for elderly individuals due to its reliance on episodic memory and the need for new learning, both of which can decline with age.

Question 7

Any of the principal class sex hormone present in adult males is known as:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Any of the principal class sex hormone...

Question 8

Which statement supports the idea that age-related improvement in working memory capacity at least partially reflects exposure to and familiarity with the material to be remembered?

Accepted Answer

The statement about ten-year-old chess experts being able to remember more chess pieces than adults who do not play chess, despite having lower digit spans, supports the idea that age-related improvement in working memory capacity can be influenced by exposure to and familiarity with the material. This suggests that experience and knowledge in a specific area can enhance memory performance, beyond what might be expected based on age or general cognitive development alone.

Question 9

In an emotional memory test, elderly adults remembered:

Accepted Answer

Elderly adults tend to remember more positive than negative images, a phenomenon known as the "positivity effect." This reflects a tendency in older adults to focus on and remember positive information more than negative information.

Question 10

People with _____ perform worse on learning and memory tests than people with _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of People with _____ perform worse on learning...

Question 11

Performance on working-memory tasks:

Accepted Answer

Performance on working-memory tasks increases throughout adolescence before leveling off at adult levels, reflecting the ongoing development and maturation of the brain during this period.

Question 12

Which type of memory seems to be MOST vulnerable to decline as adults age?

Accepted Answer

Working memory is most vulnerable to decline as adults age because it is the type of memory that is responsible for holding information in mind for short periods of time. As we age, our ability to hold information in mind for short periods of time decreases, which can lead to problems with attention, concentration, and problem-solving.

Question 13

Which statement is TRUE regarding gender differences in learning and memory?

Accepted Answer

Adult rats show similar gender differences in learning and memory as adult humans, suggesting biological factors play a role.

Question 14

Which statement is TRUE regarding skill learning?

Accepted Answer

Experts in any field tend to continue improving their skills with age, as expertise and skill refinement can continue to develop over a lifetime. This improvement is due to accumulated experience and continued practice, rather than the raw speed of learning new information, which might slow down with age.

Question 15

The MOST important androgen and principal male sex hormone is known as:

Accepted Answer

Testosterone is the most important androgen and the principal male sex hormone, playing a key role in the development of male reproductive tissues and secondary sexual characteristics.

Question 16

Men generally perform better than women on tasks involving:

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that men generally perform better than women on tasks that involve spatial learning, which includes understanding and remembering the spatial relations among objects. This difference is thought to be influenced by both biological and environmental factors.

Question 17

At what age does eyeblink conditioning start to decline?

Accepted Answer

Eyeblink conditioning, a form of classical conditioning, typically starts to decline around the age of 40. This decline is associated with age-related changes in the brain, particularly in areas involved in learning and memory.

Question 18

Which statement is TRUE regarding gender differences in learning and memory?

Accepted Answer

Females generally have a better memory for the positions of landmarks, which is a spatial memory task. This advantage, however, is noted to become more pronounced or emerge around puberty, aligning with developmental changes during that period.

Question 19

A person's digit span:

Accepted Answer

Digit span tends to drop slightly in elderly adults due to normal cognitive aging processes affecting short-term memory and working memory capacities.

Question 20

In a paired associate test of memory, elderly adults:

Accepted Answer

Elderly adults often benefit from a slower presentation of items during study phases in memory tests, as it allows more time for encoding, potentially leading to better performance. This accommodation can help mitigate the effects of aging on memory processes.

Quiz 12: Development and Aging: Learning and Memory Across the Lifespan

As people age from their twenties to their fifties, most types of memory:

It has been suggested that older adults might be _ susceptible to _ interference.

For which individual would learning be the MOST difficult?

The principal class sex hormone present in adult females is known as:

Which person's skill will be the MOST resistant to decline in older adulthood?

With which memory task would elderly individuals have the MOST difficulty?

Any of the principal class sex hormone present in adult males is known as:

Which statement supports the idea that age-related improvement in working memory capacity at least partially reflects exposure to and familiarity with the material to be remembered?

In an emotional memory test, elderly adults remembered:

People with _ perform worse on learning and memory tests than people with _.

Performance on working-memory tasks:

Which type of memory seems to be MOST vulnerable to decline as adults age?

Which statement is TRUE regarding gender differences in learning and memory?

Which statement is TRUE regarding skill learning?

The MOST important androgen and principal male sex hormone is known as:

Men generally perform better than women on tasks involving:

At what age does eyeblink conditioning start to decline?

Which statement is TRUE regarding gender differences in learning and memory?

A person's digit span:

In a paired associate test of memory, elderly adults: