Question 1

What percentage of all crimes reported to the police in 2017 were classified as violent?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What percentage of all crimes reported to...

Question 2

As a criminologist studying why women are involved in a certain criminal activity, you obtain permission to speak with various women at the Grand Valley Institution for Women. You want to hear from the women themselves about their stories and backgrounds. What is the best type of research for you to achieve this?

Accepted Answer

Unstructured interviews are the best choice for this scenario because they allow for open-ended, in-depth discussions, enabling the researcher to gather detailed personal stories and backgrounds from the participants.

Question 3

You discover that your roommate has been a victim of a crime and attempt to convince her to call the police. She isn't too badly injured, so she refuses to report the incident. Besides, she feels there is nothing the police would be able to do about it anyway. How would she be considered in relation to other victims in Canada who do not report victimization?

Accepted Answer

The answer of You discover that your roommate has been...

Question 4

What did the self-report survey of male youths in Montreal document about the annual rate of self-reported offending?

Accepted Answer

The self-report survey documented that the annual rate of self-reported offending was approximately twice as high for those who committed their first youth crimes earlier compared to those who started a few years later. This indicates that an earlier start in criminal activities is associated with a higher rate of offending.

Question 5

Which two subjects are most commonly focused upon in self-report surveys?

Accepted Answer

Self-report surveys often focus on youths and drug offenders as these groups are more likely to engage in behaviors that are self-reported, and understanding these behaviors can help in developing prevention and intervention strategies.

Question 6

What is NOT an aim of field research concerning criminal activities with criminal subject(s)?

Accepted Answer

Field research concerning criminal activities primarily focuses on understanding the social worlds, meanings, perceptions, and emotions of criminal subjects to comprehend their actions. It does not directly aim to discover information about their responsiveness to rehabilitation, which is more related to the outcomes of interventions or treatments rather than the motivations and contexts of their criminal behavior.

Question 7

Which research method did Clifford Shaw (1930) use when detailing a delinquent boy's own life experiences in his book, The Jack Roller?

Accepted Answer

Clifford Shaw used ethnography in his study detailed in "The Jack Roller," focusing on the personal life experiences of a delinquent boy through direct observations and personal narratives, which is characteristic of ethnographic research.

Question 8

From 2007 to 2017, how much did violent crimes across Canada decrease?

Accepted Answer

From 2007 to 2017, violent crimes across Canada decreased by 19 percent.

Question 9

Who conducted the ethnographic study detailed in the The Jack Roller?

Accepted Answer

Clifford Shaw conducted the ethnographic study detailed in "The Jack Roller," which is a detailed life history of a young man named Stanley, who was involved in a life of crime. Shaw's work is notable for its in-depth look at the social and personal factors contributing to delinquency.

Question 10

Which of the following did the study on homeless youth in Toronto find to be involved most frequently in criminal activities?

Accepted Answer

The study on homeless youth in Toronto found that those who had been homeless for over a year were most frequently involved in criminal activities, likely due to increased desperation or involvement in street life over time.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a feature of ethnographic research?

Accepted Answer

Ethnographic research focuses on understanding the social world from the perspective of the participants and observing their interactions in natural settings without attempting to change their perspectives or realities.

Question 12

In the late 1980s, Hagan and McCarthy (1992) studied the criminal activities of 309 homeless youths in Toronto. What did they find?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the late 1980s, Hagan and McCarthy...

Question 13

You are a criminologist who is interested in studying the criminal activity of a particular group. You desire to observe their real-life activities, so you join the group without any of them knowing your purpose. What type of research is this an example of?

Accepted Answer

This is an example of covert research, where the researcher does not reveal their true identity or purpose to the subjects being studied, allowing them to observe behaviors and interactions in a natural setting without the influence of the researcher's presence being known.

Question 14

Clifford Shaw (1930) used the ethnographic technique to study inner-city young people in Philadelphia. Which book detailed a delinquent boy's own life experiences?

Accepted Answer

"The Jack Roller" is a classic sociological study by Clifford Shaw that presents the life story of Stanley, a delinquent boy, in his own words, illustrating Shaw's application of the ethnographic technique in studying juvenile delinquency.

Question 15

You are writing an essay on self-report surveys. What is your most likely focus?

Accepted Answer

Self-report surveys are commonly used in criminology and sociology to gather data on less visible or underreported behaviors, such as drug use. These surveys ask individuals to report their own involvement in criminal activities, and drug crimes are particularly suited to this method due to their hidden nature and the reluctance of individuals to report such activities to authorities.

Question 16

As a researcher, you decide the only way to gather data regarding inner city youth is to actually speak with them and study how they interact in their everyday situations. Which type of research would you select to gather your data?

Accepted Answer

The answer of As a researcher, you decide the only...

Question 17

You are conducting research on youth who come into conflict with the law and studying the social world from the perspective of those being studied. What research method are you using?

Accepted Answer

Ethnography is a qualitative research method used to study cultures and groups from their point of view. It involves the researcher immersing themselves in the community or group being studied to understand their behaviors, beliefs, and social interactions, which aligns with studying the social world of youth in conflict with the law from their perspective.

Question 18

At what rate did violent crime increase between 2016 and 2017?

Accepted Answer

Violent crime increased by 3 percent between 2016 and 2017.

Question 19

The number of violent crime incidents reported to the police in 2017 was 403,201. This was an increase of approximately how much from the previous year?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is an increase of approximately 22,000 from the previous year. If the number of incidents reported in 2017 was 403,201, and this represents an increase, subtracting the increase from the 2017 total would give the total for the previous year. Without the exact number for the previous year, the closest estimate given the options is 22,000, assuming a straightforward question on numerical increase.

Question 20

Which type of question is typically included in self-report surveys?

Accepted Answer

Self-report surveys often include questions about a subject's attitudes, values, and behavior to gather personal insights and perspectives.

Quiz 4: Crime Rates, Crime Trends, and Criminal Victimization in Canada