Question 1

Shirley examines learning, conditioning, motivation, emotion, sensation, and perception in humans and other animals.It is likely that Shirley is a(n) psychologist.

Accepted Answer

Shirley's focus on learning, conditioning, motivation, emotion, sensation, and perception aligns with the areas typically studied by experimental psychologists, who investigate these basic processes to understand behavior in humans and animals.

Question 2

One of the first woman to be recognized in psychology was _____, who was the first woman elected as the president of the American Psychological Association.

Accepted Answer

Mary Calkins was a pioneering figure in psychology, notably recognized for being the first woman elected as the president of the American Psychological Association.

Question 3

A new, integrative model that proposes that physiological and genetic, cognitive and emotional, and environmental factors all affect and are affected by one another is called the _______ model.

Accepted Answer

The biopsychosocial model is an integrative approach that acknowledges the interconnection between biological, psychological, and social factors in understanding health and illness.

Question 4

The term applied research is BEST defined as research that _____.

Accepted Answer

Applied research is specifically conducted to address and solve practical problems, making it distinct from basic or theoretical research which aims to advance general knowledge without a direct focus on practical applications.

Question 5

Shauna specializes in applying the principles of psychology to the legal system.Shauna is a _____________ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

Forensic psychology involves applying psychological principles to legal issues, which matches the description of Shauna's specialization.

Question 6

If you prepared a study to determine specific ways to enhance athletic performance among university baseball players, you would be conducting _____ research.

Accepted Answer

Applied research is focused on finding practical solutions to specific problems, such as enhancing athletic performance among university baseball players.

Question 7

Tara is in the 11th grade and is interested in studying the effects of text-messaging (rather than talking on the phone)on the quality of friendships.The FIRST step Tara would perform after coming up with a question in order to follow the scientific method is ______.

Accepted Answer

The first step after coming up with a question is to review the existing literature to understand what is already known about the topic.

Question 8

If you prepared a study to determine which areas of the brain are used for working memory but are drawing specific conclusions to help people improve their memory skills, you would be conducting _____ research.

Accepted Answer

Basic research is conducted to increase understanding of fundamental principles, such as identifying which areas of the brain are involved in working memory, without immediate practical application.

Question 9

Eric conducts research that explores the effects of stress on individuals' psychological and physical functioning.His goal is to design stress-reduction methods that do not require the use of medication.Eric is probably a(n)________ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

Eric's focus on the effects of stress on psychological and physical functioning and his goal to design non-medication stress-reduction methods align with the interests and objectives of a health psychologist. Health psychologists specialize in understanding how biological, psychological, and social factors affect health and illness.

Question 10

Lloyd is fascinated by interpersonal behavior, especially prejudice and other attitudes.It is likely that Lloyd is a(n) psychologist.

Accepted Answer

Lloyd's interest in interpersonal behavior, prejudice, and attitudes aligns with the focus of social psychology, which studies how individuals think, influence, and relate to one another.

Question 11

Replication increases scientific confidence in a theory if the _____.

Accepted Answer

Replication increases scientific confidence in a theory when the results of the replicated studies are similar, demonstrating consistency across different experiments or observations.

Question 12

The first Black person to earn a Ph.D.in psychology in the United States was _____.

Accepted Answer

Francis Cecil Sumner is recognized as the first Black person to earn a Ph.D. in psychology in the United States, achieving this milestone in 1920 at Clark University.

Question 13

Which of the following is not one of the major contemporary perspectives in psychology?

Accepted Answer

Gestalt psychology, while influential in the development of the field, is not considered one of the major contemporary perspectives in psychology. The major contemporary perspectives include behavioral, evolutionary, and biological, among others. Gestalt psychology focuses on how people integrate and perceive visual information, but it does not have the same broad application or current prominence as the other perspectives listed.

Question 14

The term basic research is BEST defined as research that _____.

Accepted Answer

Basic research aims to advance general scientific understanding without a specific practical aim in mind, focusing on fundamental principles and theories.

Question 15

This is a statistical procedure for combining and analyzing data from many studies with the goal of identifying overall trends.

Accepted Answer

Meta-analysis is the statistical procedure used for combining and analyzing data from multiple studies to identify overall trends, patterns, or effects.

Question 16

A scientist who seeks knowledge for its own sake is conducting ________ research.

Accepted Answer

Basic research is conducted for the purpose of gaining knowledge without any specific practical application in mind.

Question 17

The biopsychosocial model would best be described as a(n)_______.

Accepted Answer

The biopsychosocial model is an integrative approach that acknowledges the interconnection between biological, psychological, and social factors in understanding health and illness.

Question 18

Samantha specializes in evaluating, diagnosing, and treating mental and behavioral disorders.Samantha is a(n) psychologist.

Accepted Answer

Clinical psychologists specialize in evaluating, diagnosing, and treating mental and behavioral disorders, which aligns with the description of Samantha's work.

Question 19

Carlos and Bonita were intrigued by the results of a study about the biases people display toward work done by males compared to work done by females.They decided to perform the same study, following the same procedures, to see if they would get the same results.This is an example of _____.

Accepted Answer

Replicating a study involves conducting the same study with the same procedures to see if similar results are obtained, which is what Carlos and Bonita are doing.

Question 20

Dr.DiMassio is studying PET (brain)scans in patients with schizophrenia and comparing them to PET scans in people who have no psychological disorders.It is likely that Dr.DiMassio is a _____.

Accepted Answer

Dr. DiMassio's focus on studying PET scans of the brain, especially in the context of schizophrenia, aligns with the work of a neuroscientist. Neuroscientists study the nervous system and brain, including how brain function relates to behavior and psychological disorders.

Quiz 1: Introduction and Research Methods