Question 1

Which of the following is a characteristic of students prone to committing school violence?

Accepted Answer

Students prone to committing school violence often have a low tolerance for frustration, which can lead to aggressive or violent behavior when they are unable to cope with stress or setbacks.

Question 2

Jessica watches Brandon punch Tim because Tim took too long at the drinking fountain.The next day,Jessica slaps Eleanor because Eleanor sat in the blue chair Jessica wanted during singing circle.Jessica's aggressive behavior is explained by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Jessica's aggressive behavior can be explained by the social learning approach, which suggests that individuals learn behaviors by observing and imitating others. Jessica may have learned to use aggression as a response to frustration by observing Brandon's behavior.

Question 3

Prosocial behavior tends to be most often exhibited by children raised in cultures that __________.

Accepted Answer

Children raised in cultures that foster cooperation are more likely to exhibit prosocial behavior, as these cultures emphasize helping, sharing, and working together.

Question 4

Spanking is associated with ___________.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that spanking is linked to negative outcomes such as poor parent-child relationships and increased antisocial behavior, rather than positive developmental outcomes.

Question 5

__________ approaches to moral development focus on how the environment in which a person operates produces moral behavior.

Accepted Answer

Social learning approaches to moral development emphasize the role of environmental influences, such as observation and imitation, in shaping moral behavior.

Question 6

According to Carol Gilligan,boys are raised to view morality primarily in terms of broad principles,whereas girls are raised to regard morality in terms of __________.

Accepted Answer

Carol Gilligan's theory suggests that girls are socialized to view morality in terms of responsibility to others and relationships, contrasting with boys who are taught to focus on abstract principles.

Question 7

Although most Americans report having some religious affiliation,such affiliation is not fixed.More than __________ say they have left the faith in which they were raised and have become affiliated with another.

Accepted Answer

More than one-fourth say they have left the faith in which they were raised and have become affiliated with another.

Question 8

Three stages often occur in marital aggression.In order,they are __________.

Accepted Answer

The three stages of marital aggression are typically described as the tension-building stage, an acute battering incident, and the loving contrition stage.

Question 9

The three major contexts which influence moral reasoning at any given time,according to the social domain approach,are __________.

Accepted Answer

The social domain approach identifies three major contexts that influence moral reasoning: moral, social-conventional, and personal. These domains help differentiate between moral rules (justice, rights), social conventions (social norms), and personal choices (individual preferences).

Question 10

Derek watches Stephan play with a new dump truck,one with a crank to lift the back,and doors that really open.Suddenly,Derek swoops down and yanks the truck away,shouting at Stephan that it's his truck now.This is an example of __________.

Accepted Answer

Instrumental aggression is when an individual uses aggressive behavior as a means to achieve a goal, such as obtaining an object, which is what Derek is doing by taking the truck from Stephan.

Question 11

__________ are the qualities people see as most desirable and important.

Accepted Answer

Values are the qualities or principles that people consider most important and desirable, guiding their behavior and decision-making.

Question 12

In Fowler's __________ stage of faith development,elderly adults develop a broad,inclusive view of religion and all humanity.

Accepted Answer

In Fowler's stages of faith development, the "conjunctive" stage is where individuals, often in later adulthood, develop a more inclusive and universal view of faith, integrating different perspectives and appreciating the complexity of beliefs.

Question 13

Like the social learning theory,the __________ suggests that family aggression is perpetuated from one generation to another by example.

Accepted Answer

The cycle of violence hypothesis suggests that individuals who experience or witness violence in their family are more likely to perpetuate similar behaviors in their own relationships, thus continuing the cycle across generations.

Question 14

Longitudinal studies have found that preferences for violent television shows at age 8 are related to __________ by age 30.

Accepted Answer

Longitudinal studies have shown that early preferences for violent television shows can be linked to more serious criminal behavior in adulthood, indicating a potential long-term impact on aggression and criminality.

Question 15

People in Kohlberg's level of __________ morality rely upon universal moral principles that are broader than the rules of the particular society in which they live.

Accepted Answer

In Kohlberg's theory of moral development, the postconventional level is where individuals rely on universal ethical principles and abstract reasoning, going beyond societal norms and laws.

Question 16

Which of the following is the parenting style in which parents are firm,setting clear and consistent limits,but who try to reason with their children,giving explanations for why they should behave in a particular way?

Accepted Answer

The authoritative parenting style is characterized by setting clear and consistent limits while also reasoning with children and explaining the reasons behind rules and expectations.

Quiz 11: Moral Development and Aggression