Question 1

An unfair labor practice strike is a strike in reaction to an employer's refusal to bargain in good faith with the union.

Accepted Answer

An unfair labor practice strike occurs when employees strike in response to an employer's illegal actions, such as refusing to bargain in good faith with the union, which is a violation of labor laws.

Question 2

Some researchers have attributed the decline in the frequency of union strikes to their declining effectiveness as a means of placing economic pressure on an employer.

Accepted Answer

The decline in union strikes' frequency is often linked to their reduced impact on employers, making them less effective in achieving workers' demands.

Question 3

A locked-out employee's voluntary acceptance of the employer's proposed terms and condition of employment in order to return to work is called an unconditional request for reinstatement.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 4

Work stoppage involves an economic dispute or is caused by the commission of an employer's unfair labor practice

Accepted Answer

Work stoppage can occur due to economic disputes, such as disagreements over wages or working conditions, or as a result of unfair labor practices by the employer, which violate labor laws.

Question 5

Work stoppages in the United States since 1982 have been at or near historic higher levels in terms of numbers of strikes,employees involved,and days idled.

Accepted Answer

The number of work stoppages in the United States has generally declined since the 1980s, reaching historic lows in terms of the number of strikes, employees involved, and days idled.

Question 6

Management may not call a strike,but it may invoke certain practices that will cause a strike,because a strike sometimes works to its advantage,such as when inventories are high and customer demand is low.

Accepted Answer

Management can indirectly cause a strike by implementing practices that provoke workers, especially if it benefits them under certain economic conditions.

Question 7

An employee may resign from the union during a strike,cross picket lines,and be protected under the Taft-Hartley Act,but the union may impose a one-time fine for crossing the union's picket line.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An employee may resign from the union...

Question 8

The right to strike is one of the rights guaranteed under the Labor Management Relations Act.

Accepted Answer

The Labor Management Relations Act (LMRA) of 1947, also known as the Taft-Hartley Act, guarantees the right of employees to strike.

Question 9

The "reserve gate" doctrine involves the establishment of an exclusive gate for entry and exit of all employees on strike.

Accepted Answer

The "reserve gate" doctrine involves setting up a separate gate for non-striking employees and suppliers to enter and exit, while striking employees use a different gate, to minimize disruption and maintain business operations.

Question 10

Conventional interest arbitration has been criticized because arbitrators have been accused of "splitting the difference."

Accepted Answer

Conventional interest arbitration is often criticized for arbitrators' tendency to compromise by splitting the difference between the parties' positions, rather than making a decision based solely on the merits of the arguments presented.

Question 11

Interest arbitration,unlike mediation and fact finding,results in a final and binding decision.

Accepted Answer

Interest arbitration involves a neutral third party making a binding decision to resolve a dispute, unlike mediation and fact-finding, which are non-binding processes.

Question 12

In most cases,a wildcat strike occurs in violation of an existing no-strike clause in a labor agreement.

Accepted Answer

A wildcat strike is typically an unauthorized work stoppage that occurs without union approval, often violating a no-strike clause in a labor contract.

Question 13

A mediator who holds separate meetings with management and union officials risks having his neutrality suspected by either side.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A mediator who holds separate meetings with...

Question 14

A mediator functions more as an invited guest who can be required to leave if one or both bargaining parties no longer desire the mediator's continued involvement in the bargaining process.

Accepted Answer

A mediator is a neutral third party who facilitates negotiation and dialogue between disputing parties. Their role is voluntary, and either party can choose to end the mediation process at any time, effectively "disinviting" the mediator.

Question 15

Picket signs must clearly identify the primary employer as the target of the picket activity and only urge a boycott of the primary employer's products or services,not a total boycott of all products or services sold by the neutral,secondary employer.

Accepted Answer

The National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) requires that picketing must clearly target the primary employer to avoid unlawful secondary boycotts, which involve pressuring neutral third parties.

Question 16

If not permanently replaced,an economic striker has a right to be reinstated to his or her job at any time during a strike after making an unconditional request for reinstatement to the employer.

Accepted Answer

An economic striker has the right to be reinstated only if there is a vacancy available after making an unconditional request for reinstatement. If permanently replaced, they may be placed on a preferential hiring list.

Question 17

The use of strike replacements (particularly permanent replacements)during an economic strike reduces the tensions between the parties and often shortens the length of a strike.

Accepted Answer

The use of strike replacements, especially permanent ones, often increases tensions between the parties and can prolong the strike, as it may be seen as undermining the striking workers' positions and rights.

Question 18

Med-arb and final-offer total package arbitration are similar in that the arbitrator does not make up his own contract but picks one of those that has been negotiated.

Accepted Answer

Med-arb involves mediation followed by arbitration where the arbitrator can create a new contract, while final-offer arbitration requires the arbitrator to choose between the final offers presented by the parties.

Question 19

Mediation is the most commonly used third-party interest dispute resolution procedure

Accepted Answer

Mediation is widely used because it is a flexible, voluntary, and confidential process that allows parties to work collaboratively with a neutral third-party mediator to reach a mutually acceptable resolution.

Question 20

Fact-finding is a semi-judicial process in which all parties provide information to a neutral that allows the parties to reach a speedy resolution.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Fact-finding is a semi-judicial process in which...

Quiz 9: Resolving Negotiation Interestdisputes and the Use of Economic Pressure