Question 1

All of the following statements are limitations of simple random sampling except .
A) simple random sampling may or may not result in a representative sample
B) it is often difficult to construct a sampling frame that will permit a simple random sample to be drawn
C) the sample results may be projected to the target population
D) simple random sampling often results in lower precision with larger standard errors than other probability sampling techniques

Accepted Answer

Simple random sampling allows for the sample results to be projected to the target population, which is not a limitation.

Question 2

The aggregate of all the elements, sharing some common set of characteristics, that comprises the universe for the purpose of the marketing problem is the .
A) sampling frame
B) element
C) census
D) population

Accepted Answer

The population is the entire group of elements that share common characteristics relevant to the marketing problem.

Question 3

The sample size decision should be guided by certain qualitative considerations. Which of the following is not one of those considerations?
A) the average size of samples in similar studies
B) the sampling technique to be used
C) the resource constraints
D) the nature of the results

Accepted Answer

The nature of the results is a quantitative consideration, not a qualitative one. Qualitative considerations focus on aspects like methodology and context, not the results themselves.

Question 4

The criteria for the selection of stratification variables consist of all of the following except .
A) cost
B) order
C) relatedness
D) homogeneity

Accepted Answer

Order is not a typical criterion for selecting stratification variables, which usually focus on cost, relatedness, and homogeneity to ensure effective and efficient stratification.

Question 5

If the researcher is concerned about the number of variables, the nature of the analysis, and completion rates, then, he/she is at which stage of the sampling design process (Figure 11.1 in the text)?
A) Execute the sampling process.
B) Select (a) sampling technique(s).
C) Determine the sampling frame.
D) Determine the sample size.

Accepted Answer

Determining the sample size involves considering the number of variables, the nature of the analysis, and completion rates to ensure the sample is adequate for the research objectives.

Question 6

A major objective of is to increase precision without increasing cost.
A) cluster sampling
B) sequential sampling
C) stratified sampling
D) quota sampling

Accepted Answer

Stratified sampling aims to increase precision by dividing the population into homogeneous subgroups and sampling from each, which can lead to more accurate estimates without necessarily increasing costs.

Question 7

is a probability sampling technique that uses a two- step process to partition the population into subpopulations, or strata. Elements are selected from each stratum by a random procedure.
A) Cluster sampling
B) Systematic sampling
C) Simple random sampling
D) Stratified sampling

Accepted Answer

Stratified sampling involves dividing the population into subgroups (strata) and then taking a random sample from each stratum, ensuring representation from each subgroup.

Question 8

Which of the following statements is not true about quota sampling?
A) Under certain conditions, quota sampling obtains results close to those for conventional probability sampling.
B) An important decision involves the use of proportionate or disproportionate sampling.
C) Many sources of selection bias are potentially present.
D) There is no assurance that the sample is representative.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements is not...

Question 9

is a selection method where the elements are selected sequentially. It explicitly incorporates prior information about population parameters as well as the costs and probabilities associated with making wrong decisions.
A) Simple random sampling
B) Sampling with replacement
C) Sampling without replacement
D) Bayesian approach

Accepted Answer

The Bayesian approach is a selection method that incorporates prior information about population parameters and considers the costs and probabilities of making wrong decisions, unlike the other sampling methods listed.

Question 10

is a sampling technique in which an element cannot be included in the sample more than once.
A) Sampling with replacement
B) Bayesian approach
C) Simple random sampling
D) Sampling without replacement

Accepted Answer

Sampling without replacement is a technique where once an element is selected, it cannot be chosen again, ensuring it appears only once in the sample.

Question 11

The basic unit containing the elements of the population to be sampled is the .
A) sample
B) judgmental sample
C) sampling unit
D) sampling frame

Accepted Answer

The sampling unit is the basic unit containing the elements of the population to be sampled. It is the individual element or group of elements subject to selection in the sample.

Question 12

Which of the following conditions does not favor the use of a sample (Table 11.1 in the text)?
A) The cost of nonsampling errors is high.
B) The cost of sampling errors is high.
C) There are budget and time limit constraints.
D) The population is large.

Accepted Answer

Sampling errors are errors that occur due to the process of selecting a sample from a population. If the cost of these errors is high, it may not favor the use of a sample, as the errors could outweigh the benefits of sampling.

Question 13

All of the factors listed below favor the use of probability sampling except (Table 11.5 in the text).
A) highly accurate estimates of population characteristics are required
B) the nature of the research is conclusive
C) the population is heterogeneous with respect to variables of interest
D) nonsampling errors are likely to be an important factor

Accepted Answer

Probability sampling is less effective when nonsampling errors are significant, as these errors are not reduced by increasing sample size or using random sampling methods.

Question 14

The collection of elements or objects that possess the information sought by the researcher and about which inferences are to be made is a(n) .
A) population
B) target population
C) census
D) element

Accepted Answer

The answer of The collection of elements or objects that...

Question 15

Which of the statements below is not true about stratified sampling?
A) Stratified sampling can ensure that all the important subpopulations are represented in the sample.
B) The researcher assumes that the population elements are ordered in some respect.
C) Most approaches to statistical inference assume that the data have been collected by stratified sampling.
D) Both B and C are not true.

Accepted Answer

The statement that the researcher assumes that the population elements are ordered in some respect (B) is not true in stratified sampling. This statement pertains to systematic sampling, not stratified sampling. Similarly, most approaches to statistical inference do not assume that the data have been collected by stratified sampling (C), although stratified sampling can be a useful method of ensuring representativeness in the sample.

Question 16

The object that possesses the information sought by the researcher and about which inferences are to be made is a(n) _.
A) target population
B) population
C) element
D) census

Accepted Answer

An element is the object that possesses the information sought by the researcher and about which inferences are to be made.

Question 17

is a probability sampling technique in which each element in the population has a known and equal probability of selection. Every element is selected independently of every other element and the sample is drawn by a random procedure from a sampling frame.
A) Stratified sampling
B) Cluster sampling
C) Simple random sampling
D) Systematic sampling

Accepted Answer

Simple random sampling is the technique where each element in the population has an equal chance of being selected, and selections are made independently.

Question 18

A subgroup of the elements of the population selected for participation in the study is a _ _.
A) sampling frame
B) sampling unit
C) sample
D) judgmental sample

Accepted Answer

A sample is a subset of the population selected for participation in a study.

Question 19

Consumer research conducted in Mexico and Saudi Arabia used different sampling techniques for the same study. In Mexico, was used by having experts identify neighborhoods where the target respondents lived; homes were then randomly selected for interviews. In Saudi Arabia, employing the snowball procedure was used because there were no lists from which sampling frames could be drawn and social customs prohibited spontaneous personal interviews.
A) quota sampling; judgmental sampling
B) systematic sampling; quota sampling
C) judgmental sampling; convenience sampling
D) systematic sampling; convenience sampling

Accepted Answer

In Mexico, judgmental sampling was used as experts identified neighborhoods, and in Saudi Arabia, convenience sampling was employed using the snowball procedure due to the lack of sampling frames and social customs.

Question 20

There are several basic questions involved in sampling design. "Should a sample be taken? If so, what process should be followed?" are two such questions. Which of the following questions is also involved in sampling design?
A) How large should the sample be?
B) What kind of sample should be taken?
C) What can be done to control and adjust for nonresponse errors?
D) All of the above are correct.

Accepted Answer

All the options listed are fundamental questions involved in sampling design, including determining the sample size, type of sample, and addressing nonresponse errors.

Quiz 11: Sampling: Design and

All of the following statements are limitations of simple random sampling except .

The aggregate of all the elements, sharing some common set of characteristics, that comprises the universe for the purpose of the marketing problem is the .

The sample size decision should be guided by certain qualitative considerations. Which of the following is not one of those considerations?

The criteria for the selection of stratification variables consist of all of the following except .

If the researcher is concerned about the number of variables, the nature of the analysis, and completion rates, then, he/she is at which stage of the sampling design process (Figure 11.1 in the text) ?

A major objective of is to increase precision without increasing cost.

is a probability sampling technique that uses a two- step process to partition the population into subpopulations, or strata. Elements are selected from each stratum by a random procedure.

Which of the following statements is not true about quota sampling?

is a selection method where the elements are selected sequentially. It explicitly incorporates prior information about population parameters as well as the costs and probabilities associated with making wrong decisions.

is a sampling technique in which an element cannot be included in the sample more than once.

The basic unit containing the elements of the population to be sampled is the .

Which of the following conditions does not favor the use of a sample (Table 11.1 in the text) ?

All of the factors listed below favor the use of probability sampling except (Table 11.5 in the text) .

The collection of elements or objects that possess the information sought by the researcher and about which inferences are to be made is a(n) .

Which of the statements below is not true about stratified sampling?

The object that possesses the information sought by the researcher and about which inferences are to be made is a(n) _.

is a probability sampling technique in which each element in the population has a known and equal probability of selection. Every element is selected independently of every other element and the sample is drawn by a random procedure from a sampling frame.

A subgroup of the elements of the population selected for participation in the study is a _ _.

There are several basic questions involved in sampling design. "Should a sample be taken? If so, what process should be followed?" are two such questions. Which of the following questions is also involved in sampling design?