Question 1

Agnes is working on improving her cardiac functioning by healthy eating, exercise, and watching her weight. She knows that this is one of the best strategies to lower her risk of _____.
A) waiting too long to retire
B) Alzheimer disease
C) financial difficulties
D) obsessive-compulsive disorder

Accepted Answer

Improving cardiac functioning through healthy lifestyle choices is known to lower the risk of cardiovascular diseases, which are linked to a reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease.

Question 2

Mr. Dalton has a disease that is characterized by muscle tremors, slow movement, and partial facial paralysis. The doctors have told his family that the disease is chronic and progressive in nature. Which of the following conditions does Mr. Martin most likely have?
A) Alzheimer disease
B) Multi-infarct syndrome
C) Lewy body dementia
D) Parkinson disease

Accepted Answer

Mr. Dalton's symptoms of muscle tremors, slow movement, and partial facial paralysis are characteristic of Parkinson's disease, which is a chronic and progressive neurological disorder.

Question 3

Recent studies have focused on the role amyloid plaques, tau, and oxidative stress play in _____ disease.
A) Alzheimer
B) Parkinson
C) Tay-Sachs
D) Huntington

Accepted Answer

Amyloid plaques, tau, and oxidative stress are primarily associated with Alzheimer's disease, which is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline.

Question 4

Alzheimer disease involves a deficiency in an important brain messenger chemical called:
A) dopamine.
B) serotonin.
C) acetylcholine.
D) oxytocin.

Accepted Answer

Alzheimer's disease involves a deficiency in the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. This deficiency leads to problems with memory, thinking, and behavior.

Question 5

Regarding how the brain changes with Alzheimer disease, both amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are made of _____.
A) proteins
B) fats
C) calcium
D) salts

Accepted Answer

Amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, which are characteristic of Alzheimer's disease, are both composed of proteins. Amyloid plaques are made of beta-amyloid protein, while neurofibrillary tangles are made of tau protein.

Question 6

In 2012, an estimated _____ adults in the United States had Alzheimer disease.
A) 1 million
B) 2.6 million
C) 5.4 million
D) 8.8 million

Accepted Answer

In 2012, it was estimated that approximately 5.4 million adults in the United States had Alzheimer's disease.

Question 7

Morgan is a full-time caregiver for her father who has Alzheimer disease. Today her father will be transferred to a nursing home for a week while Morgan takes a break. She is grateful for the _____ so she can have some time to herself and get out of the house.
A) respite care
B) hospice care
C) palliative care
D) home health care

Accepted Answer

Respite care provides temporary relief for primary caregivers, allowing them to take a break from their caregiving duties.

Question 8

Participation in the labor force for 75-year-old and older adults is mainly driven by:
A) finances.
B) work satisfaction.
C) lack of hobbies.
D) the empty nest syndrome.

Accepted Answer

Many older adults continue to work primarily due to financial necessity, as they may not have sufficient retirement savings or need to supplement their income.

Question 9

_____ is the global term for any neurological disorder in which the primary symptoms involve a deterioration of mental functioning.
A) Parkinson disease
B) Dementia
C) Schizophrenia
D) Alzheimer disease

Accepted Answer

Dementia is the global term for any neurological disorder characterized by a decline in mental functioning, including memory, thinking, and reasoning skills.

Question 10

After 1995, among adults 65 years old and older in the workforce, those engaging in _____ rose substantially while those engaging in _____ decreased considerably.
A) part-time work; leisure
B) leisure; full-time work
C) full-time work, part-time work
D) part-time work, full-time work

Accepted Answer

The answer of After 1995, among adults 65 years old...

Question 11

Janice just met with her mother's doctor to learn more about _____. Apparently her mother is showing signs of it, and it is a risk factor for Alzheimer disease.
A) mild cognitive impairment
B) low cholesterol
C) major depression
D) general anxiety disorder

Accepted Answer

Mild cognitive impairment is a condition that involves problems with memory or other mental functions that are greater than normal age-related changes, and it is considered a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease.

Question 12

Among survey participants age 50 and older, the NORC Center for Public Affairs Research found that most of the workers expected to retire later than they had planned due to:
A) financial reasons.
B) health reasons.
C) the exciting technological changes in the workplace.
D) worries about a sedentary lifestyle.

Accepted Answer

Most workers expected to retire later than planned primarily due to financial reasons, as financial stability is a common concern affecting retirement decisions.

Question 13

Gavin wanted to retire in his mid-sixties, but after losing so much money in the last recession he cannot retire due to:
A) financial reasons.
B) health reasons.
C) the exciting technological changes in the workplace.
D) worries about a sedentary lifestyle.

Accepted Answer

Gavin cannot retire due to financial reasons because he lost a significant amount of money in the last recession, impacting his ability to retire comfortably.

Question 14

Blanche is 72 years old and would like to retire. Consistent with research, her primary reason for continuing to work is:
A) the need to stay busy.
B) the need for stimulation.
C) the desire to help grandchildren pay for college expenses.
D) the need for adequate money to meet living expenses.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Blanche is 72 years old and would...

Question 15

Which of the following is the effect of the drug treatment given to patients with Alzheimer disease?
A) It increases the amount of amyloid beta in spinal fluid.
B) It treats mild cognitive impairment.
C) It increases levels of acetylcholine in the brain.
D) It activates the apolipoprotein E gene.

Accepted Answer

Alzheimer's disease treatments often aim to increase levels of acetylcholine in the brain because the disease is associated with a decrease in this neurotransmitter, which plays a key role in memory and cognitive functions.

Question 16

The transitional state between the cognitive changes of normal aging and very early Alzheimer disease and other dementias is called:
A) confusion.
B) mild cognitive impairment.
C) attention deficit disorder.
D) pre-Alzheimer disease.

Accepted Answer

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is the term used to describe the transitional state between normal aging cognitive changes and more serious conditions like Alzheimer's disease.

Question 17

A recent meta-analysis of modifiable risk factors in Alzheimer disease found all of the following except that:
A) risk is reduced for those who abstain from alcohol.
B) preexisting hypertension is related to a higher risk.
C) preexisting depression is related to a higher risk.
D) risk is reduced by some dietary factors, such as having coffee.

Accepted Answer

Abstaining from alcohol is not consistently associated with a reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease; moderate alcohol consumption has sometimes been linked to a lower risk.

Question 18

Leading expert Phyllis Moen describes the current typical retirement pattern as:
A) moving in and out of the workforce.
B) retiring from one job and immediately taking another.
C) replacing paid work with a volunteer position.
D) not defined because there is no typical pattern.

Accepted Answer

Phyllis Moen suggests that there is no typical retirement pattern today, as individuals experience diverse and varied retirement paths.

Question 19

Which is true regarding drug treatment for Alzheimer disease?
A) Most often the drugs stop the progression of Alzheimer disease.
B) Often the drugs can cure Alzheimer disease.
C) The drugs are effective for about 80% of people with Alzheimer disease.
D) The drugs slow the worsening of Alzheimer symptoms for approximately 6 to 12 months.

Accepted Answer

The drugs available for Alzheimer's disease, such as cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine, can help manage symptoms and slow their progression for a limited time, typically 6 to 12 months, but they do not stop or cure the disease.

Question 20

_____ refers to a progressive, irreversible brain disorder that is characterized by a gradual deterioration of memory, reasoning, language, and, eventually, physical function.
A) Huntington's disease
B) Parkinson disease
C) Alzheimer disease
D) Clinical depression

Accepted Answer

Alzheimer disease is a progressive, irreversible brain disorder that is characterized by a gradual deterioration of memory, reasoning, language, and, eventually, physical function. Huntington's disease is a genetic disorder that affects muscle coordination and leads to cognitive decline and Parkinson's disease is a degenerative disorder of the nervous system that primarily affects motor function. Clinical depression is a mood disorder that affects a person's mood, thoughts, and physical health.

Quiz 15: Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

Agnes is working on improving her cardiac functioning by healthy eating, exercise, and watching her weight. She knows that this is one of the best strategies to lower her risk of _____.

Mr. Dalton has a disease that is characterized by muscle tremors, slow movement, and partial facial paralysis. The doctors have told his family that the disease is chronic and progressive in nature. Which of the following conditions does Mr. Martin most likely have?

Recent studies have focused on the role amyloid plaques, tau, and oxidative stress play in _____ disease.

Alzheimer disease involves a deficiency in an important brain messenger chemical called:

Regarding how the brain changes with Alzheimer disease, both amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are made of _____.

In 2012, an estimated _____ adults in the United States had Alzheimer disease.

Morgan is a full-time caregiver for her father who has Alzheimer disease. Today her father will be transferred to a nursing home for a week while Morgan takes a break. She is grateful for the _____ so she can have some time to herself and get out of the house.

Participation in the labor force for 75-year-old and older adults is mainly driven by:

_____ is the global term for any neurological disorder in which the primary symptoms involve a deterioration of mental functioning.

After 1995, among adults 65 years old and older in the workforce, those engaging in _ rose substantially while those engaging in _ decreased considerably.

Janice just met with her mother's doctor to learn more about _____. Apparently her mother is showing signs of it, and it is a risk factor for Alzheimer disease.

Among survey participants age 50 and older, the NORC Center for Public Affairs Research found that most of the workers expected to retire later than they had planned due to:

Gavin wanted to retire in his mid-sixties, but after losing so much money in the last recession he cannot retire due to:

Blanche is 72 years old and would like to retire. Consistent with research, her primary reason for continuing to work is:

Which of the following is the effect of the drug treatment given to patients with Alzheimer disease?

The transitional state between the cognitive changes of normal aging and very early Alzheimer disease and other dementias is called:

A recent meta-analysis of modifiable risk factors in Alzheimer disease found all of the following except that:

Leading expert Phyllis Moen describes the current typical retirement pattern as:

Which is true regarding drug treatment for Alzheimer disease?

_____ refers to a progressive, irreversible brain disorder that is characterized by a gradual deterioration of memory, reasoning, language, and, eventually, physical function.