Question 1

Researchers have found that family management practices are positively related to:

Accepted Answer

Family management practices, such as setting rules and monitoring activities, are associated with better academic performance and increased self-responsibility in students.

Question 2

Which of the following is not true regarding gender differences in the use of aggression?

Accepted Answer

Research generally shows that boys report experiencing and expressing more anger than girls, not the other way around.

Question 3

Broad categories that reflect general impressions and beliefs about males and females, such as "math is for boys and reading is for girls," that then set up expectations that all boys should be good at math and any boy who likes to read is feminine, are known as gender:

Accepted Answer

These are known as gender stereotypes, which are oversimplified and widely held beliefs about the characteristics and behaviors of males and females.

Question 4

Which of the following is FALSE regarding stepfamilies?

Accepted Answer

There are generally more older children in stepfamilies than infants and preschool children, as stepfamilies often form after parents have been married and had children from previous relationships.

Question 5

An individual who has both positive feminine and positive masculine characteristics is called:

Accepted Answer

An individual who has both positive feminine and positive masculine characteristics is called androgynous.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about gender stereotyping is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Girls' gender stereotypes are generally less rigid than boys', as boys often face more societal pressure to conform to traditional gender roles.

Question 7

Angie's mother allows her to schedule her own study and relaxation times, with the expectation that Angie must continue doing well in school and must discuss her activities with her mother ahead of time. Her mother checks on Angie's school progress frequently and also talks to her about her social life and problems. This approach is called:

Accepted Answer

Coregulation is a parenting style where parents and children share control. Parents provide guidance and oversight, while children have some autonomy in managing their activities, as seen with Angie scheduling her own study and relaxation times under her mother's supervision.

Question 8

Kathryn Kerns and her colleagues have found that during the middle and late childhood years, _____ is associated with a lower level of internalized symptoms, anxiety, and depression in children.

Accepted Answer

Secure attachment is associated with a lower level of internalized symptoms, anxiety, and depression in children, as it provides a stable emotional foundation and support system.

Question 9

_____ are more likely to be the ones who organize the family environment and monitor a child's behavior.

Accepted Answer

Mothers are traditionally more involved in organizing the family environment and monitoring a child's behavior, although this can vary depending on individual family dynamics and cultural contexts.

Question 10

Which of the following is FALSE regarding developmental changes in parent-child relationships?

Accepted Answer

Elementary schoolchildren typically receive less physical discipline than they did as preschoolers, as parents often shift towards other forms of discipline and guidance as children grow older.

Question 11

Children's sharing comes to reflect a more complex sense of what is just and right during:

Accepted Answer

During middle and late childhood, children's understanding of fairness and justice becomes more complex, which is reflected in their sharing behavior. They begin to understand that unequal distribution may be justifiable in certain situations, such as if a person worked harder to earn more. They also develop a sense of reciprocity and may share with others who have shared with them in the past.

Question 12

Which of the following is not true regarding gender and school contexts?

Accepted Answer

Boys generally do not get better grades than girls. In many educational contexts, girls tend to outperform boys academically.

Question 13

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the differences in helping behavior of males versus females?

Accepted Answer

Males are often more helpful in situations that align with traditional masculine roles, such as those involving physical strength or protection.

Question 14

During the time of _____, children are allowed to engage in moment-to-moment self-regulation while parents continue to exercise general supervision and control.

Accepted Answer

Coregulation is a process where children begin to take more responsibility for their own behavior while parents provide guidance and support, allowing for self-regulation within a framework of parental oversight.

Question 15

Which of the following techniques will parents tend NOT to use to discipline elementary school children?

Accepted Answer

Coercive holding is a physical restraint method that is generally not recommended or used by parents for disciplining children, as it can be harmful and is not considered an appropriate or effective disciplinary technique.

Question 16

One area of math in which boys were found to be better at is:

Accepted Answer

Studies have consistently shown that boys outperform girls in visuospatial skills, which involve mental manipulation and spatial reasoning. This is thought to be related to the differences in brain structure between males and females.

Question 17

Which of the following is a key developmental task as children move toward autonomy?

Accepted Answer

Learning to relate to adults outside the family on a regular basis is a key developmental task as children move toward autonomy. This involves developing social skills, communication skills, and the ability to form positive relationships with non-family members. It also prepares children for interactions with authority figures outside of the family, such as teachers and bosses, which will become increasingly important as they grow older.

Question 18

All of the following are true regarding social conventional and moral reasoning EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Violating moral rules is generally considered more serious than violating social conventional rules, as moral rules are based on ethical principles and have a broader societal impact.

Question 19

Across childhood and adolescence, research suggests that:

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that girls generally engage in more prosocial behavior, such as sharing and showing kindness, compared to boys during childhood and adolescence.

Question 20

In terms of gender differences, a recent international study involving 65 countries found that:

Accepted Answer

The study found that girls generally outperform boys in reading achievement across the majority of the 65 countries analyzed.

Quiz 8: Socioemotional Development in Middle and Late Childhood