Question 1

You are a psychiatrist who specializes in treating schizophrenia. Joe is experiencing the negative symptoms of schizophrenia, including withdrawal, apathy, and reduced communication. Which of the following medications are you apt to prescribe to treat Joe?

Accepted Answer

Atypical neuroleptics have been found to be effective in treating negative symptoms of schizophrenia, such as withdrawal, apathy, and reduced communication. These medications work by blocking dopamine and serotonin receptors in the brain, which can help to alleviate these symptoms. Benzodiazepines are not typically used to treat schizophrenia, lithium is mainly used for bipolar disorder, and monoamine oxidase inhibitors are not as effective for treating negative symptoms of schizophrenia.

Question 2

The drug ______ is used to treat depression.

Accepted Answer

Prozac is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) commonly used to treat depression. Valium is a benzodiazepine used to treat anxiety and muscle spasms. Ritalin is a stimulant used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Lithium is a mood stabilizer used to treat bipolar disorder.

Question 3

What is one of the main advantages of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) as compared to similar drugs?

Accepted Answer

One of the main advantages of SSRIs is that they have fewer side effects compared to other similar drugs, such as tricyclic antidepressants. This is because SSRIs specifically target the reuptake of serotonin, while other drugs may affect multiple neurotransmitters and lead to more side effects.

Question 4

What type of drugs are the traditional antianxiety drugs, or minor tranquilizers, such as Valium?

Accepted Answer

Valium belongs to the benzodiazepine class of drugs, which are traditional antianxiety drugs or minor tranquilizers.

Question 5

______ are specifically trained to use biomedical therapies.

Accepted Answer

Psychiatrists are medical doctors who specialize in mental health and are trained to use biomedical therapies such as medication management to treat mental illness. Family therapists, counselors, and social workers may provide therapy and support, but they do not have the medical training to prescribe medication or use other biomedical treatments.

Question 6

Adherence to time schedules, an ambiguous approach to problems, and looking for long-range goals are examples of _______ values that can interfere with the therapeutic progress of clients from impoverished backgrounds.

Accepted Answer

The values listed, such as adherence to time schedules and looking for long-range goals, are often associated with middle-class values and may not be shared by clients from impoverished backgrounds. These values are class-bound, meaning they are based on social class and can interfere with therapy progress for clients who come from a different socioeconomic background.

Question 7

Lulu sees a professional once a month to manage the medication she is taking to help alleviate the symptoms of her anxiety disorder. The type of treatment Lulu is undergoing is called ______________.

Accepted Answer

Lulu is seeing a professional to manage her medication, indicating that she is undergoing treatment with psychopharmacology, which involves the use of medication for mental health conditions. Psychotherapy involves talking with a mental health professional to address emotional and behavioral issues, physical therapy involves physical exercises to address physical impairments, and electroconvulsive treatment is a more invasive treatment for severe mental health conditions.

Question 8

Gary takes antipsychotic drugs to control the symptoms of schizophrenia. After taking the drug for some time, he begins exhibiting repetitive, involuntary jerks and movements of his face, lips, and legs. Gary is showing signs of _________.

Accepted Answer

Gary is showing signs of tardive dyskinesia, which is a side effect of prolonged use of antipsychotic drugs. Savant syndrome refers to a condition where a person with a developmental disorder (such as autism) has a remarkable talent or skill in a particular area. A clozapine overdose would require immediate medical attention and is not indicated in this scenario. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a rare but serious side effect of antipsychotic drugs that presents with fever, rigid muscles, and other symptoms.

Question 9

Alice takes lithium to control symptoms of her mental disorder. Alice is most likely suffering from __________.

Accepted Answer

Lithium is primarily used as a medication to control symptoms of bipolar disorder.

Question 10

What are two of the major classes of antidepressant drugs?

Accepted Answer

The two major classes of antidepressant drugs are MAO inhibitors and tricyclics. Choice A is incorrect as benzodiazepines are actually anti-anxiety drugs and not antidepressants. Choice C is incorrect as benzodiazepines and tricyclics are not the major classes of antidepressants. Choice D is incorrect as benzodiazepines and MAOIs are also not the major classes of antidepressants.

Question 11

Medication, electroconvulsive therapy, psychosurgery, and noninvasive stimulation techniques are all types of ______.

Accepted Answer

The four options listed are all different types of biomedical therapies, as they involve the use of physical interventions to directly alter brain function or chemistry. Cognitive, behavioral, and psychoanalytic therapies are all types of talk therapy that typically do not involve physical interventions.

Question 12

Some drugs that combat depression work by ____________.

Accepted Answer

Drugs that combat depression, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), work by increasing the amount of serotonin in the brain. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that regulates mood, sleep, and appetite. By increasing serotonin levels, SSRIs can alleviate symptoms of depression.

Question 13

In general, antipsychotic drugs work by ______.

Accepted Answer

Antipsychotic drugs are designed to treat symptoms of psychosis, such as delusions and hallucinations. These symptoms are thought to be caused by an excess of dopamine activity in certain areas of the brain. Antipsychotic drugs work by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain, reducing the amount of dopamine activity and alleviating symptoms of psychosis.

Question 14

Which of the following is a barrier to effective therapy when the cultural backgrounds of the client and therapist are different?

Accepted Answer

Language barriers can significantly impact effective therapy when the cultural backgrounds of the client and therapist are different, as communication is essential in therapy. If the client and therapist cannot communicate effectively due to language differences, it can hinder the therapy process and make it challenging to establish a rapport and build a trusting relationship. Gender, age, and clothing are not typically significant barriers to effective therapy, although they can affect comfort levels and contribute to cultural differences.

Question 15

Bob has been under a physician's care for bipolar disorder. Bob's doctor is most likely to prescribe which of the following to treat Bob's disorder?

Accepted Answer

Lithium is a commonly prescribed medication for the treatment of bipolar disorder. It helps to stabilize mood and reduce episodes of mania and depression. Ritalin is used to treat ADHD, tricyclics are an older class of antidepressant medication that are not typically used for bipolar disorder, and Prozac is an antidepressant that can actually worsen symptoms of mania in individuals with bipolar disorder.

Question 16

Which of the following types of medications are used to treat mania?

Accepted Answer

Anticonvulsants, such as lithium and valproic acid, are commonly used to treat mania in bipolar disorder. Antianxiety medications and ativan may be used to address symptoms such as anxiety or insomnia, but they are not specifically designed to treat mania. Antitypical medications are not a recognized class of medications.

Question 17

Antipsychotic drugs treat symptoms such as ____________.

Accepted Answer

Antipsychotic drugs are primarily used to treat symptoms associated with psychosis, such as hallucinations (seeing or hearing things that aren't there), delusions (false beliefs), and bizarre or disorganized behavior. They are not typically used to treat symptoms of depression (A), anxiety (B), or conduct disorders (D).

Question 18

A new class of antipsychotic medications, called ________ dopamine agonists, influences the release of neurotransmitters rather than blocking their receptors in the brain.

Accepted Answer

Partial dopamine agonists work by modulating the dopamine system, influencing neurotransmitter release rather than simply blocking dopamine receptors as many traditional antipsychotics do.

Question 19

Bob has been under a physician's care for depression. Although his symptoms have disappeared and he has suffered no major side effects, he has had to go on a severely restricted diet since his treatment began and be careful about eating certain smoked, fermented, or pickled foods, and drinking certain beverages. In addition, he needs to be careful about taking other medications due to a risk of severe high blood pressure. Bob's doctor has probably been treating him with ______.

Accepted Answer

The restrictions on diet and medication indicate that Bob is likely being treated with MAOIs (Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors), which can interact with certain foods and medications to cause dangerous increases in blood pressure. Lithium, Prozac, and tricyclics do not have the same dietary restrictions and interactions as MAOIs.

Question 20

A physician prescribes a benzodiazepine drug to help alleviate your anxiety. Which drug might you be taking?

Accepted Answer

Benzodiazepines are a class of drugs commonly used to treat anxiety and Xanax is one of the most commonly prescribed benzodiazepine drugs. Prozac is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) used to treat depression and anxiety, Elavil is a tricyclic antidepressant used primarily to treat depression, and Thorazine is an antipsychotic medication used to treat schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders.

Quiz 13: Psychological Therapies