Question 1

Which of the following is true about a significant interaction?

Accepted Answer

A significant interaction indicates that the effect of one independent variable on the dependent variable depends on the level of another independent variable. It does not necessarily prove the experimenter's predictions (C) or indicate the research hypothesis is incorrect (A). It also does not inherently increase the chance of a Type 2 error (B). However, for the interaction to support the research hypothesis, the observed means should align with the expected direction, as stated in option D.

Question 2

Stephen and Pham (2007) measured trust in feelings by having participants list either 2 or 10 situations in which they had trusted in their feelings. The researchers then measured the extent to which the participants thought that they would trust in their feelings if they were to perform a task. The researchers used this measures aswhich of the following.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Stephen and Pham (2007) measured trust in...

Question 3

In order to confirm a research hypothesis in a factorial design there must be both

Accepted Answer

A factorial design requires a significant interaction and a predicted pattern of observed means to confirm a research hypothesis, as these indicate that the effects of the factors are not independent and align with the hypothesis.

Question 4

Amanda conducted a 2 x 2 factorial design in which she manipulated lack of food (high or low) and aggressive stimulation (high or low) in dogs. She then measured barking level. Amanda found that in the high food condition more aggressive stimulation reduced barking, whereas in the low food condition more aggressive stimuli increased barking. An interaction in which such opposite effects occur in different levels of different conditions might be which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A crossover interaction occurs when the effects of one independent variable on a dependent variable reverse across the levels of a second independent variable, as described in Amanda's findings.

Question 5

Pairwise comparisons within factorial designs are problematic because

Accepted Answer

Pairwise comparisons within factorial designs increase the probability of a Type 1 error because the more comparisons you make, the greater the chance of incorrectly rejecting the null hypothesis for at least one of those comparisons.

Question 6

Stephen and Phan (2007) measured trust in feelings by having participants list either 2 or 10 situations in which they had trusted their feelings. Which of the following results did the researchers find>

Accepted Answer

The answer of Stephen and Phan (2007) measured trust in...

Question 7

Toby is conducting an experiment in which he predicts an interaction between appearance and partner sex (same or different). One-half of the participants complete the study dressed in casual clothes, and the other half complete the study dressed in formal attire. All participants are observed in interaction with a same-sex partner and then with an opposite-sex partner. This is an example of a ___________factorial design.

Accepted Answer

This is an example of a mixed factorial design because it involves both between-subjects variables (appearance: casual vs. formal attire) and within-subjects variables (partner sex: same vs. different). Participants experience all levels of one factor (partner sex) but are assigned to only one level of the other factor (appearance), making it a mixed design.

Question 8

Which of the following is likely to decrease experimentwise alpha in a factorial design?

Accepted Answer

Using post hoc rather than a priori comparisons is likely to decrease experimentwise alpha because post hoc tests are designed to control the overall Type I error rate across multiple comparisons.

Quiz 11: Experimental Research: Factorial Designs

Which of the following is true about a significant interaction?

In order to confirm a research hypothesis in a factorial design there must be both

Pairwise comparisons within factorial designs are problematic because

Stephen and Phan (2007) measured trust in feelings by having participants list either 2 or 10 situations in which they had trusted their feelings. Which of the following results did the researchers find>

Which of the following is likely to decrease experimentwise alpha in a factorial design?