Question 1

As recommended by several health agencies, the BMI is used as a screening tool to identify possible
weight problems for children as early as 2 years of age.

Accepted Answer

The Body Mass Index (BMI) is indeed used as a screening tool to identify potential weight issues in children starting from the age of 2, as recommended by various health organizations including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

Question 2

In their position stand on nutrition for the athlete, the ADA, DC, and ACSM indicated that the
prediction accuracy of BIA is similar to skinfold assessment, but BIA may be preferable because it does not require the technical skill associated with skinfold measurements.

Accepted Answer

The American Dietetic Association (ADA), Dietitians of Canada (DC), and the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) have acknowledged that while Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) and skinfold assessments both estimate body composition with a degree of accuracy, BIA is often preferred for its ease of use and non-reliance on technical skill for accurate measurements, unlike skinfold assessments which require precise technique.

Question 3

Once fat cells are formed, the number seems to remain fixed even if weight is lost.

Accepted Answer

When you lose weight, fat cells shrink in size but the number of fat cells generally remains the same. They do not decrease in number, but rather change in volume.

Question 4

In general, researchers indicate that genes that affect energy balance in the body appear to be very efficient as a means to promote energy intake and weight gain, but relatively inefficient to promote energy expenditure and weight loss.

Accepted Answer

Genes that affect energy balance often promote energy intake and weight gain more efficiently than they promote energy expenditure and weight loss. This is because, from an evolutionary perspective, mechanisms that favor energy storage have been more crucial for survival than those favoring energy expenditure.

Question 5

The built environment is one of the new concepts theorized to be a contributing factor to obesity. One
example of the built environment is temperature control in our home and workplace, which reduces the effects that hot and cold environmental temperatures may have on our energy intake and energy expenditure.

Accepted Answer

The built environment refers to human-made surroundings that provide the setting for human activity, ranging from buildings and parks to neighborhoods and cities, which can influence one's lifestyle and health behaviors, including physical activity levels and dietary habits. Temperature control in homes and workplaces is indeed an aspect of the built environment that can affect energy expenditure by minimizing the body's need to adapt to external temperatures, potentially influencing obesity rates.

Question 6

In general, if hypoglycemia, dehydration, and excessive loss of lean muscle mass can be avoided,
physical performance need not deteriorate on weight-loss programs.

Accepted Answer

When weight loss is achieved through a balanced approach that avoids hypoglycemia, dehydration, and excessive loss of lean muscle mass, physical performance can be maintained or even improved due to better overall health and efficiency of the body.

Question 7

Although exercise is advocated as a means to prevent osteoporosis, it will counteract the adverse effects associated with decreased estrogen levels when it is a result of athletic amenorrhea.

Accepted Answer

Exercise can help prevent osteoporosis by increasing bone density, but in the case of athletic amenorrhea, the decreased estrogen levels can actually lead to decreased bone density, counteracting the potential benefits of exercise on bone health.

Question 8

In some instances, extra body fat may actually be beneficial to the human body.

Accepted Answer

Extra body fat can serve as an energy reserve during times of scarcity, provide insulation to maintain body temperature, and offer some degree of protection for internal organs against physical impacts.

Question 9

A variety of complications may result from the improper use of VLCDs including fatigue, kidney
stones, impaired phagocytic function, inflammation of the intestines, low blood pressure, and even death.

Accepted Answer

Very Low-Calorie Diets (VLCDs) are designed to produce rapid weight loss, but if not managed properly, they can lead to serious health issues including fatigue, kidney stones, impaired immune function, gastrointestinal problems, low blood pressure, and in extreme cases, death, due to the body not receiving the essential nutrients it needs to function properly.

Question 10

When considering weight loss, the ultimate effect upon performance may be dependent upon the
technique used and the time over which the weight is lost.

Accepted Answer

Different weight loss methods and the duration over which weight is lost can significantly impact athletic performance, with rapid weight loss or improper techniques potentially leading to decreased performance due to factors like muscle loss or inadequate energy levels.

Question 11

Some research suggests that adiponectin may affect dopaminergic neurons in the brain, possibly
increasing secretion of dopamine, which induces sensations of pleasure that may be involved in long- term regulation of body weight.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some research suggests that adiponectin may affect...

Question 12

As the BMI increases, the odds ratio (OR) for premature death decreases.

Accepted Answer

As the BMI increases, particularly into the overweight and obese categories, the odds ratio for premature death generally increases, indicating a higher risk of mortality compared to individuals with a normal BMI range.

Quiz 10: Body Weight and Composition for Health and Sport

As recommended by several health agencies, the BMI is used as a screening tool to identify possible weight problems for children as early as 2 years of age.

In their position stand on nutrition for the athlete, the ADA, DC, and ACSM indicated that the prediction accuracy of BIA is similar to skinfold assessment, but BIA may be preferable because it does not require the technical skill associated with skinfold measurements.

Once fat cells are formed, the number seems to remain fixed even if weight is lost.

In general, researchers indicate that genes that affect energy balance in the body appear to be very efficient as a means to promote energy intake and weight gain, but relatively inefficient to promote energy expenditure and weight loss.

In general, if hypoglycemia, dehydration, and excessive loss of lean muscle mass can be avoided, physical performance need not deteriorate on weight-loss programs.

Although exercise is advocated as a means to prevent osteoporosis, it will counteract the adverse effects associated with decreased estrogen levels when it is a result of athletic amenorrhea.

In some instances, extra body fat may actually be beneficial to the human body.

A variety of complications may result from the improper use of VLCDs including fatigue, kidney stones, impaired phagocytic function, inflammation of the intestines, low blood pressure, and even death.

When considering weight loss, the ultimate effect upon performance may be dependent upon the technique used and the time over which the weight is lost.

Some research suggests that adiponectin may affect dopaminergic neurons in the brain, possibly increasing secretion of dopamine, which induces sensations of pleasure that may be involved in long- term regulation of body weight.

As the BMI increases, the odds ratio (OR) for premature death decreases.