Question 1

What gene is critical for establishment of X- inactivation in mammals?

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Question 2

Scientists can create transgenic organisms by inserting foreign DNA randomly into the chromosomes of a host. A scientist might do this in order to express genes carried in the foreign DNA and in this case the foreign DNA is often engineered to include insulator sequences at the ends of the foreign sequence. Explain why insulators would be useful in this context.

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Question 3

How does transcription inhibition differ between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? Describe the two mechanisms used by eukaryotes to direct the enhancers toward certain promoters and away from others.

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Question 4

Explain how genomic imprinting can effect gene expression in mammalian embryos?

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Question 5

Which enzyme cuts dsRNA into 21- 25 bp fragments during RNAi?

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Question 6

What role do chromatin remodelers play in eukaryotic gene expression?

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Question 7

In the GAL gene system,________ are cis- acting regulatory elements, and__________ protein is a trans- acting regulatory protein.

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Question 8

Demethylation and acetylation lead to open chromatin structure and are associated with
_______regions of genomes.

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Question 9

The enhancers that are present near a gene are present in every cell in an organism, yet these enhancers can have tissue- specific effects on gene expression. Explain how enhancers could have tissue- specific effects on gene expression.

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Question 10

_____binds to siRNAs and then either blocks translation or destroys mRNA that is complementary to the siRNA.

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Question 11

__________in Drosophila results from the movement of the transcriptionally active w+ allele into the centromeric heterochromatin region of the fruit- fly X chromosome.

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Question 12

Viruses with dsRNA genomes evolved a long time ago and can be found in parasitic relationships with species from a variety of taxa. What mechanism do eukaryotes use to combat such viruses?

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Question 13

Which protein complex binds dsRNA fragments to generate ssRNAs for RNAi?

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Question 14

The gene encoding coat color is X- linked, and male cats have a single copy of the X chromosome. They can therefore express either the O or o allele, resulting in orange or black coat, respectively. Female cats, on the other hand, have two copies of the X chromosome. Thus, they can be heterozygous and express either orange or black pattern called tortoiseshell. Using this information, list the possible genotypes for these individuals:
• orange male
• orange female
• black male
• black female
• tortoiseshell

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Question 15

Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are commonly used as mood stabilizers or in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. What effect would a HDAC inhibitor have on the target cells?

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Quiz 13: Regulation of Gene Expression in Bacteria and Bacteriophage