Question 1

Mounds of lipid material and smooth muscle cells covered with fibrous connective tissue and embedded in artery walls are

Accepted Answer

Plaques are deposits of lipid material, smooth muscle cells, and fibrous connective tissue that build up in the walls of arteries, leading to atherosclerosis.

Question 2

Which of these conditions is not considered a cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels, not a cardiovascular disease.

Question 3

Which of the following is the leading cause of death in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Coronary heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States, responsible for a significant number of deaths annually.

Question 4

Which of the following is not one of the four classic risk factors for CHD?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is not one...

Question 5

Which of the following is a cause of atherosclerosis?

Accepted Answer

Persistent infection or inflammation in the body can contribute to the development of atherosclerosis by damaging the arterial walls and promoting plaque buildup. Elevated HDL levels and chronic hypoglycemia are not causes of atherosclerosis.

Question 6

Mr.Johnson is a 60-year-old Caucasian.He has a BMI of 36.His cholesterol screening revealed: LDL 172 mg/dL, HDL 30 mg/dL, and total cholesterol 250 mg/dL.What risk factors from the above information place Mr.Johnson at risk of CHD?

Accepted Answer

Mr. Johnson's LDL and HDL levels, age, and obesity (BMI of 36) are all risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD).

Question 7

When a portion of a clot travels through the blood stream, lodges in a narrow artery, and causes sudden tissue death it is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

An embolism is a blood clot that travels through the bloodstream and blocks a narrow artery, leading to sudden tissue death. Platelets are small blood cells that aid in clot formation. An aneurysm is a bulge in a blood vessel wall that can rupture and cause bleeding. A thrombus is a blood clot that forms in a blood vessel and does not move.

Question 8

All of the following conditions are modifiable risk factors for coronary heart disease except

Accepted Answer

Gender is not a modifiable risk factor for coronary heart disease.

Question 9

All of the following favor atherosclerosis development except

Accepted Answer

Elevated HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) is considered protective against atherosclerosis, as it helps remove cholesterol from the bloodstream.

Question 10

Which of the following is a risk factor for CHD?

Accepted Answer

LDL cholesterol greater than 160 mg/dL is a risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD) as high levels of LDL cholesterol can lead to plaque buildup in arteries, increasing the risk of heart disease.

Question 11

Cholesterol carried by oxidized _____ is embedded in artery walls.

Accepted Answer

Cholesterol carried by oxidized LDL (low-density lipoprotein) and VLDL (very-low-density lipoprotein) is known to be embedded in artery walls, contributing to plaque formation and atherosclerosis.

Question 12

Total cholesterol of 242 mg/dL would be classified as

Accepted Answer

The answer of Total cholesterol of 242 mg/dL would be...

Question 13

Mrs.Thomas had blood work done as ordered by her physician.Her total cholesterol level was 240 mg/dL and HDL was 35 mg/dL.Mrs.Thomas's total cholesterol and HDL indicate she

Accepted Answer

Mrs. Thomas's total cholesterol level of 240 mg/dL is considered high, and her HDL level of 35 mg/dL is low. These levels indicate she is at high risk for coronary heart disease (CHD).

Question 14

Estrogen replacement therapy has which of the following effects?

Accepted Answer

Estrogen replacement therapy can reduce LDL cholesterol, increase HDL cholesterol, and increase the risk of blood clotting.

Question 15

If ignored, a potential consequence of atherosclerosis is

Accepted Answer

Atherosclerosis can lead to myocardial infarction, kidney disease, and strokes due to the narrowing and hardening of arteries, which restricts blood flow to various organs.

Question 16

In women, CHD occurs about _____ years later than in men.

Accepted Answer

Coronary heart disease (CHD) typically occurs about 10 years later in women compared to men, largely due to the protective effects of estrogen before menopause.

Question 17

All of the following are consequences of smoking tobacco except

Accepted Answer

Smoking tobacco is known to increase blood pressure, not lower it.

Question 18

Tissue death of the heart muscle caused by blockage of a vessel is

Accepted Answer

A heart attack, also known as a myocardial infarction, occurs when blood flow to a part of the heart is blocked, leading to tissue death of the heart muscle.

Question 19

Obesity is to type 2 diabetes as high _____ is/are to atherosclerosis.

Accepted Answer

LDL (low-density lipoprotein) is often referred to as "bad cholesterol" and is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis, similar to how obesity is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes.

Question 20

In atherosclerosis, blood flow to the kidneys

Accepted Answer

Atherosclerosis leads to the narrowing of blood vessels due to plaque buildup, which decreases blood flow to the kidneys.

Quiz 27: Cardiovascular Diseases