Question 1

Which of the following terms refers to opacity of the crystalline lens that prevents light rays from entering the eye and refracting them on the retina?

Accepted Answer

Cataract refers to the clouding or opacity of the crystalline lens, which prevents light rays from properly entering the eye and focusing on the retina, leading to impaired vision.

Question 2

Which of the following terms refers to the ability to see objects clearly at close range but not at a distance?

Accepted Answer

Myopia, also known as nearsightedness, is the condition where individuals can see objects clearly at close range but have difficulty seeing objects at a distance. This is due to the shape of the eye causing light rays to focus in front of the retina rather than directly on it.

Question 3

When assessing the eyes of a neonate, the nurse observes opacity of the lens. This is a symptom of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Opacity of the lens in a neonate is indicative of cataracts, which is a condition characterized by clouding of the lens inside the eye, leading to decreased vision.

Question 4

The school nurse is caring for a child with a penetrating eye injury. Emergency treatment includes which of the following?

Accepted Answer

For a penetrating eye injury, the priority is to protect the eye from further damage. Applying a Fox shield (or any rigid, protective shield) over the affected eye prevents pressure on the eye and additional harm. Covering the other eye can help prevent movement of the injured eye, as both eyes move together. Ice, irrigation, or applying a regular patch could potentially cause more damage to the eye and are not recommended without specific instruction from a healthcare provider.

Question 5

A father calls the emergency department nurse saying that his daughter's eyes burn after getting some dishwasher detergent in them. The nurse recommends that the child be seen in the emergency department or by an ophthalmologist. The nurse also should recommend which of the following before the child is transported?

Accepted Answer

Irrigating the eyes with tap water for 20 minutes is recommended to flush out the chemical (in this case, dishwasher detergent) to minimize damage. This is a first aid measure for chemical exposure to the eyes.

Question 6

Prevention of hearing impairment in children is a major goal for the nurse. This can be achieved through which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Prevention of hearing impairment in children is...

Question 7

Which of the following facilitates lip reading by the hearing-impaired child?

Accepted Answer

Speaking at an even rate helps in making lip-reading easier for the hearing-impaired child, as it allows for better visual tracking of lip movements.

Question 8

An adolescent gets hit in the eye during a fight. The school nurse, using a flashlight, notes the presence of gross hyphema (hemorrhage into anterior chamber). The nurse should:

Accepted Answer

The presence of gross hyphema is a serious condition that requires evaluation by an ophthalmologist to prevent complications such as increased intraocular pressure or vision loss.

Question 9

A nurse would suspect possible visual impairment in a child who displays which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Excessive rubbing of the eyes can be a sign of visual discomfort or impairment, prompting the nurse to suspect possible visual issues.

Question 10

Which of the following is the most common clinical manifestation of retinoblastoma?

Accepted Answer

Cat's eye reflex, also known as leukocoria, is the most common clinical manifestation of retinoblastoma. It is characterized by a white or yellowish-white reflection from the retina when light is shone into the eye, resembling the eye of a cat in the dark. This is often noticed in photographs where one eye appears white instead of red from the flash.

Question 11

The most common cause of hearing impairment in children is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Chronic otitis media is the most common cause of hearing impairment in children. It refers to a group of inflammatory diseases of the middle ear, which can lead to recurrent ear infections and fluid buildup, affecting hearing ability.

Quiz 19: Impact of Cognitive or Sensory Impairment on the Child and Family