Question 1

Multicultural education became a buzzword during which decade?

Accepted Answer

Multicultural education became a buzzword during the 1990s.

Question 2

Which of the following is an indication of bilingualism research?

Accepted Answer

Bilingualism research supports the idea that literacy skills are more easily developed in a child's native language, which can then support learning and literacy in a new language. This is based on the understanding that strong foundational language skills are crucial for subsequent language acquisition.

Question 3

A second language is taught in addition to a relatively well-developed first language.

Accepted Answer

Additive bilingualism refers to the process of learning a second language in addition to a well-developed first language, without replacing or diminishing the first language. This approach supports the development of both languages.

Question 4

Some researchers have found a difference in the use of language between different SES backgrounds. Which of these statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Low SES (Socio-Economic Status) children are often found to use language that focuses more on immediate, concrete needs and experiences rather than on abstract or future-oriented concepts. This is contrary to the statement in option A, making it false.

Question 5

Heath (1982) discovered that in a working-class community of African Americans in the southern United States, adults usually

Accepted Answer

Heath's research found that in the working-class African American community she studied, communication often took the form of storytelling, which was a significant way through which knowledge and cultural values were passed down.

Question 6

Male-female differences in U.S. math achievement have _____________ recently.

Accepted Answer

Studies and data analyses over recent years have shown that the gender gap in math achievement, particularly in the U.S., has declined. This means that the differences in math performance between males and females have become less pronounced.

Question 7

The __________ is larger in females than it is in males suggesting that the brain hemispheres in females are better able to communicate than in males.

Accepted Answer

The corpus callosum, which connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain, is generally larger in females than in males, facilitating better inter-hemispheric communication.

Question 8

Sue is a high school math teacher. Her students perplex her, and you offer her help from the research concerning sex differences in mathematics scores. Which of the following statements from research would help Sue to understand her students?

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that there is greater variability in boys' math scores, meaning they are more likely to be represented at both the high and low ends of the performance spectrum, while girls' scores tend to cluster more around the mean. This does not imply that one gender is smarter than the other or that effort levels differ by gender in a significant way.

Question 9

Most students can become academically proficient in a second language within

Accepted Answer

Most students can become academically proficient in a second language within 5 to 7 years, so 6 years is a reasonable estimate.

Question 10

How much more likely is it that Ben, an average male, will pursue a career in math or science as opposed to Beth, an average female?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How much more likely is it that...

Question 11

Elements of a second language replace elements of the first language.

Accepted Answer

Subtractive bilingualism occurs when the learning of a second language interferes with the development of the first language, leading to the replacement of elements of the first language with those of the second.

Question 12

Jamed is an immigrant enrolled in an American school. His education is provided in both languages-his native language and standard English. He is receiving which type of education?

Accepted Answer

Jamed is receiving bilingual education, which means he is being taught in both his native language and in English. This approach helps students learn a new language while continuing to develop academically in their native language.

Question 13

Ruth speaks English. However, when she visited a different region of the country, everyone laughed at her because of her speech. It was obvious that Ruth spoke with a different

Accepted Answer

Dialect refers to a particular form of a language which is peculiar to a specific region or social group, explaining why Ruth's speech was perceived differently in another region.

Question 14

What does your text state as the rationale for multicultural education?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What does your text state as the...

Question 15

High levels of this during fetal life have been shown to increase spatial abilities in females.

Accepted Answer

High levels of testosterone during fetal life have been shown to increase spatial abilities in females. This is because testosterone, a hormone more commonly associated with male development, plays a crucial role in the development of certain cognitive abilities, including spatial skills, in the womb.

Question 16

ESOL stands for:

Accepted Answer

ESOL stands for "English for speakers of other languages," which refers to educational programs designed to help non-native speakers learn English.

Question 17

Which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown that girls tend to achieve higher classroom grades in math compared to boys, despite common stereotypes suggesting otherwise. This is attributed to various factors including differences in study habits and attitudes towards learning.

Question 18

There are no consistent sex differences on most types of which of the following tests?

Accepted Answer

There are no consistent sex differences on most types of memory tests.

Question 19

How long are most bilingual programs offered for each student?

Accepted Answer

Bilingual programs typically last 1 to 2 years, aiming to develop proficiency in a second language while maintaining the first language's proficiency.

Question 20

Students who speak two languages are said to be

Accepted Answer

Students who speak two languages are referred to as bilingual.

Quiz 6: Group Differences: Socioeconomic Status, Ethnicity, Gender, and Language