Question 1

When providing care to a client, what perspective does the nurse follow?

Accepted Answer

The nurse follows a holistic perspective which includes viewing the client's health as a balance of body, mind, and spirit. This approach considers not only the physical health but also the mental and emotional well-being of the client. It also emphasizes the importance of addressing the client's spiritual needs as part of the healing process. This approach is becoming increasingly popular in healthcare settings as it has been found to improve client outcomes and overall satisfaction with care.

Question 2

The Healthy People initiative targets the improvement of health for all. In addition to eliminating health disparities, what are the broad goals of this plan?

Accepted Answer

The broad goals of the Healthy People initiative include increasing the quality and length of a healthy life, in addition to eliminating health disparities and preventing treatable problems. Increasing technological innovations and applying a systematic approach to health improvement may be strategies that contribute to achieving these goals, but they are not the broad goals themselves.

Question 3

After hip surgery a client is admitted to the rehabilitation hospital. What type of care is the client receiving?

Accepted Answer

The client is receiving tertiary care, which is specialized medical treatment provided after the initial diagnosis and treatment. Rehabilitation hospitals provide specialized care to patients who need assistance recovering from a significant illness or injury, making it an example of tertiary care.

Question 4

A client who has been hospitalized for a week has developed a pressure ulcer on the sacrum. This case highlights which potential quality concern according to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality?

Accepted Answer

The development of a pressure ulcer during hospitalization is considered a patient safety indicator, which is one of the potential quality concerns identified by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.

Question 5

Managed care organizations are insurers that carefully plan and closely supervise the distribution of healthcare services. What is one of the goals of managed care?

Accepted Answer

One of the primary goals of managed care is to prevent illness through screening and promotion of health activities. This is achieved through regular check-ups, preventative screenings, and education on healthy lifestyle choices. Managed care organizations aim to keep their members healthy in order to reduce overall healthcare costs.

Question 6

In an effort to cut costs, hospitals have instituted many changes. Which of these cost-cutting factors is likely to jeopardize the quality of care?

Accepted Answer

Using unlicensed assistive personnel may put the quality of care at risk because they are not as highly trained and educated as licensed healthcare providers. As a result, they may not have the appropriate skills to provide safe and effective care, which could compromise patient safety. Increasing numbers of clients in hospitals and not devoting enough time to the client may also impact quality of care, but these factors alone may not necessarily jeopardize it. The rise of medical care costs in healthcare systems is a financial issue and does not have a direct impact on quality of care.

Question 7

A 17-year-old client is having protected sex one to two times a week in a monogamous relationship. What is the client participating in?

Accepted Answer

The client is engaging in health maintenance by practicing safe sex, which helps prevent sexually transmitted infections and maintain overall sexual health.

Question 8

A client with a diagnosis of arthritis is having pathologic changes. What are these pathologic changes attributable to?

Accepted Answer

Pathologic changes in arthritis are attributable to the disease itself, which involves the degeneration or inflammation of the joints.

Question 9

Unlicensed assistive personnel are performing duties that nurses once provided. This change is an effect of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Unlicensed assistive personnel performing nursing duties is a cost-driven change, as hospitals and healthcare facilities may hire unlicensed personnel to save money on staffing costs.

Question 10

A client believes that restoring optimal health takes more than treating the body; the client believes that the mind and spirit must be addressed as well. What is this perspective of health?

Accepted Answer

This perspective of health is known as holism, which considers the whole person and addresses the interconnectedness of the mind, body, and spirit in achieving optimal health. Holistic health emphasizes the importance of treating the whole person rather than focusing only on specific symptoms or diseases.

Question 11

The hospital is having a problem with specimen accuracy. A committee has been established to study the problem and make recommendations. The nurse working on the committee knows that this work addresses what?

Accepted Answer

National Patient Safety Goals focus on improving the accuracy of patient identification, which directly relates to specimen accuracy to ensure that tests and results match the correct patient, enhancing overall patient safety.

Question 12

Two clients are having joint replacement surgery on different joints. The nurse manager of the unit knows that there is a predetermined payment for this procedure because of what?

Accepted Answer

Diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) are a payment system used by Medicare and Medicaid to reimburse hospitals for inpatient care. DRGs group patients with similar clinical characteristics and determine a predetermined payment amount for a specific diagnosis or procedure, such as joint replacement surgery. This payment system is meant to incentivize hospitals to provide efficient and cost-effective care, while also ensuring that patients receive appropriate services.

Question 13

For those with no healthcare insurance, what healthcare delivery method do they access that involves long waits and no follow-up care?

Accepted Answer

For those without healthcare insurance, the most readily available healthcare delivery method is typically primary care in the emergency department. However, this often involves long waits and no follow-up care, as emergency departments are not designed to handle non-emergency medical issues or provide ongoing care. Secondary care in a diagnostic center, tertiary care in a specialty hospital, and skilled nursing care in a nursing home are all more specialized forms of care that are typically not accessible to those without healthcare insurance.

Question 14

A pregnant woman has seen her OB-GYN for her eight-week checkup and now needs to go to the lab for an alpha-fetoprotein test. This referral for testing is an example of what type of care?

Accepted Answer

The alpha-fetoprotein test is a type of screening or diagnostic test, which falls under secondary care. Secondary care involves specialized attention and ongoing management for specific health issues, typically following a referral from a primary care provider.

Question 15

An older man has been sick for three weeks but will not seek medical help even though he is able to get to the doctor's office. The client does not know what his insurance will cover. The client has many medical bills from treatments not covered and does not want to be faced with more. Why is this client waiting to obtain medical treatment?

Accepted Answer

The client's fear of accumulating more medical bills suggests that cost is a contributing factor to his decision to delay seeking medical treatment.

Question 16

What is an entitlement program designed to serve the poor that is administered by the state?

Accepted Answer

Medicaid is an entitlement program designed to serve the poor that is administered by the state. Medicare and Medigap are federal health insurance programs for individuals over the age of 65. Wellness programs are typically voluntary initiatives by employers to promote healthy behaviors among their employees.

Question 17

A client complaining of bloody urine has scheduled an appointment with a family practitioner. What type of care is the client receiving?

Accepted Answer

The client is receiving primary care, which is the first point of contact for a patient seeking medical attention. A family practitioner is typically a primary care physician, who provides preventative care and treats common illnesses and conditions.

Question 18

Fifteen years ago a client's right leg was lost in a motor vehicle accident. Since then, the client and the client's spouse have formed a walking group to raise money for the homeless. Why would the client be considered healthy?

Accepted Answer

Despite the loss of their leg, the client has found ways to maintain a high quality of life and is actively engaged in charitable activities, indicating a positive psychological state. Additionally, the client's ability to walk with a prosthetic leg suggests good physical health and adaptation. Therefore, the client would be considered healthy within the limits of their physical condition.

Question 19

A single parent with two children and limited resources is seeking financial assistance for medical care. What is the most likely source of the funding that is being sought?

Accepted Answer

Medicaid is a government-funded healthcare program for low-income individuals and families that provides coverage for medical expenses, such as doctor visits, hospital stays, and prescription drugs. It is the most likely source of funding in this scenario because the single parent has limited resources and is seeking assistance for medical care. Medicare and Medigap are for senior citizens and individuals with disabilities, while mutual coverage is a term that is not commonly used in the healthcare industry.

Question 20

When caring for a client in today's healthcare arena, it is important for the nurse to include which action to promote national healthcare goals?

Accepted Answer

Communicating with clients about various choices they can make about healthcare is important to promote national healthcare goals, as it empowers clients to make informed decisions about their health and well-being.

Quiz 1: Concepts and Trends in Health Care 1