Question 1

Resolving the psychosocial dilemma at each stage

Accepted Answer

Resolving the psychosocial dilemma at each stage creates a new balance between a person and society. This enables individuals to successfully navigate their environment and develop healthy relationships with others.

Question 2

Megan is 13 years old.Her body is maturing sexually, and she is capable of reproduction.Thus, Megan is in the biologically defined period known as

Accepted Answer

Puberty is the biologically defined period during which a child's body begins to mature sexually and they become capable of reproduction. This typically occurs between the ages of 8 and 13 in girls and 9 and 14 in boys. Adolescence, on the other hand, refers to the broader period of physical, cognitive, and social-emotional development that occurs between childhood and adulthood. Andropause refers specifically to the decline in testosterone levels that occurs in men as they age, and emerging adulthood refers to the period between adolescence and full adulthood, typically spanning ages 18 to 25.

Question 3

Regarding psychosocial development and the resolution of the psychosocial dilemmas, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. A string of "successes" in life actually tends to make us feel more confident and better equipped to deal with future challenges, whereas previous failures may make us more cautious or fearful of similar situations.

Question 4

The time in a person's life known as puberty is

Accepted Answer

Puberty is a biologically defined period during which a person matures sexually and becomes capable of reproduction. It is not solely culturally defined, nor is it socially stable. While the timing of puberty may vary across cultures, it generally occurs between the ages of 8 and 14 for girls and 9 and 16 for boys.

Question 5

People who have lived richly and responsibly are able to face aging and death with dignity because they have developed a sense of

Accepted Answer

According to Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, the final stage is "ego integrity versus despair." Adults who have lived richly and responsibly will have developed a sense of integrity, which allows them to reflect on their lives with a sense of satisfaction, rather than despair. Generativity, identity, and autonomy are important developmental tasks in earlier stages of life, but they do not necessarily guarantee a sense of dignity in facing aging and death.

Question 6

According to Erikson, a new balance is established between the person and society when the person

Accepted Answer

According to Erikson, resolving the psychosocial dilemma at each life stage leads to a new balance between the person and society. Each stage presents a unique crisis or challenge, and successfully navigating that challenge leads to a greater sense of self-awareness, personal growth, and a more productive relationship with society. Therefore, the correct choice is D as it aligns with Erikson's theory of psychosocial development.

Question 7

Marshall has retired from his job and finds life very unsatisfying.As he reflects over his life, he sees himself as a failure and his life as a series of missed opportunities.Erikson would say that Marshall is experiencing

Accepted Answer

Erikson's theory suggests that in old age, individuals reflect on their life. If they see it as unfulfilled or full of missed opportunities, they experience despair. This is part of Erikson's final stage of psychosocial development, integrity vs. despair.

Question 8

The biologically defined period during which a person matures sexually and becomes capable of reproduction is

Accepted Answer

Puberty is the process of physical changes by which a child's body matures into an adult body capable of sexual reproduction. It is marked by the onset of the production of hormones, growth spurts, and the development of secondary sexual characteristics. Adolescence refers more broadly to the developmental period between childhood and adulthood, which encompasses puberty as well as other changes in identity, social relationships, and cognitive abilities. Andropause is a term used to describe the decline in hormone levels and its associated symptoms in aging men, while emerging adulthood describes the period of life between adolescence and full adulthood, typically spanning the ages of 18-29.

Question 9

According to Erikson, failure to resolve a psychosocial dilemma or crisis at a particular life stage

Accepted Answer

Erikson believed that if a person fails to resolve a psychosocial dilemma or crisis at a particular life stage, it will make it harder for them to deal with the later crises. This can lead to psychosocial maladjustment, which can result in difficulties in relationships, work, and other areas of life. Fixation, psychosis, and antisocial tendencies are not described as direct consequences of failing to resolve a psychosocial dilemma in Erikson's theory.

Question 10

Ellis, who is in his 70s, enjoys telling his grandchildren about his life experiences.Although he says that there are a few things in his life he regrets, Ellis says overall, "I had a nice ride through life, and you can't ask for anything more than that." According to Erikson, Ellis is exhibiting a great deal of

Accepted Answer

Ellis is exhibiting integrity, which according to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, is the stage in late adulthood where an individual looks back on their life with satisfaction and a sense of wholeness, despite some regrets. They are able to accept the entirety of their life, both the good and the bad, and come to terms with their mortality.

Question 11

According to Erikson's theory, aging and the threat of death become sources of fear and depression when an elderly person lacks

Accepted Answer

According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, the final stage of life (ages 65+) is characterized by the conflict between integrity and despair. This involves reflecting on one's life and feeling a sense of satisfaction with the choices made, relationships formed, and accomplishments achieved. Fear and depression can arise if one feels a sense of regret, disappointment or unfulfilled dreams. This is in contrast to the other options listed - industry (stage 4), trust (stage 1), and generativity (stage 7) - which are relevant to earlier stages of life.

Question 12

Kao Yee would be considered to have adult status because she

Accepted Answer

In many cultures, leaving one's parents' home and having a job are indicators of adult status. While the other options (getting married, having a baby, graduating from college) may also be seen as markers of adulthood, they are not as universally applicable and are dependent on cultural and societal norms.

Question 13

Regarding adolescence and puberty, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Adolescence and puberty are not considered the same thing. Puberty refers to the physical changes that occur during this stage, while adolescence encompasses psychological, social, and emotional changes that occur during this period.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT considered one of the primary criteria for adult status in North America today?

Accepted Answer

While marriage used to be a primary criterion for adult status, it is no longer considered a universal marker of adulthood in North America today. The other choices (taking responsibility for oneself, making independent decisions, and becoming financially independent) are typically seen as important markers of adult status.

Question 15

According to Erikson, a person will have a more difficult time dealing with later crises if the person

Accepted Answer

According to Erikson, if a person fails to resolve a psychosocial dilemma at a particular life stage, it can create a lasting effect on that person's personality and their ability to deal with future crises. This is because each stage builds upon the previous one and unresolved conflicts can hinder progress in subsequent stages.

Question 16

If a person fails to develop a sense of integrity and self-respect in later adulthood, feelings of which of the following tend to result?

Accepted Answer

Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development posits that in later adulthood, individuals face the crisis of integrity vs. despair. Failing to develop a sense of integrity leads to feelings of despair.

Question 17

Regarding puberty, which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Puberty specifically refers to the biological and physical changes that occur in the body leading to sexual maturity, including growth spurts and hormonal changes, distinguishing it from adolescence, which also encompasses social and psychological development.

Question 18

The culturally defined period of life between childhood and adulthood is known as

Accepted Answer

The culturally defined period of life between childhood and adulthood is known as adolescence.

Question 19

Regarding puberty, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

While it is true that most people reach reproductive maturity in their early teens (A), high rates of teenage pregnancy and drug abuse may be due to adolescents' mental and social skills being immature (C), and puberty is a biological event (D), it is not necessarily true that most people reach social and intellectual maturity before reaching reproductive maturity. In fact, many experts believe that social and intellectual maturity continue to develop well into young adulthood.

Question 20

The life stage known as adolescence is

Accepted Answer

The definition of adolescence varies based on cultural norms and expectations, and is not strictly limited to the onset of puberty.

Quiz 3: Human Development