Question 1

The medical model of corrections is based on the assumption that criminal behavior is caused by social, psychological, or biological deficiencies that require .

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Question 2

The _________________ penitentiary system of incarceration called for inmates to be held in isolation at night but to work with other inmates during the day under a rule of silence.

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Question 3

Immediately following the Civil War, the ______________ system of corrections permitted inmates to be loaned to private contractors who provided prisoners food and clothing in exchange for their labor.

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Question 4

The 1980s in corrections centered on crime control through and risk containment.

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Question 5

Although conceptualized by early English reformers, the penitentiary first appeared in the United States in the city of ____________, when part of the Walnut Street Jail was converted to allow for separate confinement.

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Question 6

Discuss the importance that the state of Pennsylvania played within the correctional system. What impact if any does it still have on our correctional institutions today?

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Question 7

After the Civil War, southern legislatures passed the , harsh laws designed to control newly freed African Americans.

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Question 8

The first director of the Federal Bureau of Prisons upon authorization by Congress in 1929 was? .

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Question 9

The opening of Eastern State Penitentiary in 1829 marked the full development and implementation of the _______________ system.

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Question 10

Compare and contrast the Pennsylvania system to the New York system of corrections. Discuss the pros and cons of each. Are any of the concepts still used in prisons today? If so how, and if not, why not?​

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Question 11

Discuss the historical development of parole and indeterminate sentencing. Does either have a place in the current correctional climate or would we be better off to abolish them? Defend your answer.

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Question 12

In 1682, with the arrival of William Penn, Pennsylvania adopted the "___________," which was based on humane Quaker principles and emphasized hard labor in a house of correction as punishment for most crimes.

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Question 13

Progressives implemented probation, , and parole throughout the United States.

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Question 14

The nature and practices of corrections relate to environment. What kinds of conditions were prevalent in the South after the Civil War and how did this landscape affect corrections? Was anything unique or distinct in this region?

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Question 15

A _________________ is an institution that is created for young offenders that emphasizes education and training, a mark system of classification, parole, and indeterminate sentences.

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Question 16

The congregate penitentiary system was more concerned with instilling good work habits to prevent a relapse into crime than with ________________ an offender's character.

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Question 17

The social and political climate of the 1960s gave rise to a model of corrections.

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Question 18

Progressives wanted to know the ______________ of an offender so that they could devise an individualized treatment program.

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Quiz 3: The History of Corrections in America