Question 1

A good way to inoculate students against stereotype threat is to

Accepted Answer

Instilling a belief that intelligence can be improved can help students overcome the anxiety and self-doubt that can come with stereotype threat. This belief promotes a growth mindset, which encourages students to embrace challenges and persist in the face of setbacks. It also helps students recognize the role of effort and practice in achieving success, rather than viewing ability as fixed and innate.

Question 2

Researchers generally believe that differences between ethnic groups in cognitive abilities occur primarily as a result of

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that differences in cognitive abilities between ethnic groups are largely due to differences in experiences in and out of school, such as access to educational resources and quality of education, rather than inherent natural abilities. While biases in standardized tests may contribute to some degree, they are not the primary factor. Motivation also plays a role, but it is more likely a result of the experiences and opportunities available to different groups rather than an inherent trait.

Question 3

Based on data from the National Shelter Study, approximately what percentage of shelter users in Canada are under the age of 16?

Accepted Answer

According to the National Shelter Study, approximately 22.5% of shelter users in Canada are under the age of 16, making option C the correct answer. Options A, B, and D are all incorrect.

Question 4

Ayo's parents are from Nigeria, but emigrated to Canada before Ayo was born. Ayo's dad is a medical doctor in a Calgary suburb, and his mom has an art gallery in the city. Ayo attends an elite private high school and is one of the top players on his school's basketball team. Based on this information, what is the best description of Ayo's cultural ties

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ayo's parents are from Nigeria, but emigrated...

Question 5

Mr. Kennedy, a middle-class Caucasian teacher, assigns lower grades when evaluating the work of two Indigenous students in his high-school physics class than he does for comparable work from other students. The most valid interpretation of Mr. Kennedy's behaviour is that he appears to

Accepted Answer

Mr. Kennedy's behavior suggests he is negatively stereotyping Indigenous students, as he assigns lower grades for comparable work, indicating a bias based on ethnicity.

Question 6

Over the past decade, an explanation offered for the growing gap between the reading of students in poverty versus students from wealthier homes is due to

Accepted Answer

Children from poorer homes often do not have access to the same educational resources and enrichment activities as their wealthier peers during the summer months, leading to a loss of skills and knowledge that contributes to the reading gap.

Question 7

During the fourth week of school, Mrs. Brown noticed that Garrett, a student in her second-year French class, was being ostracized by the other students. She continued to observe nonverbal behaviours, making sure that she treated all students equally. Two weeks later, Garrett met with Mrs. Brown after school and told her that he felt uncomfortable in class, suspected the other students recognized his attraction to another male student, and feared being discovered. Which of the following responses from Mrs. Brown is likely to help Garrett in this situation?

Accepted Answer

Mrs. Brown should affirm Garrett's feelings and refer him to a trained counselor to provide him with the proper support and resources. It is not appropriate for Mrs. Brown to suggest that Garrett tell other students about his true feelings as it is important for him to have control over who he discloses this information to. Additionally, giving him advice to change his feelings is not helpful, as it is not possible to change one's sexual orientation. Conducting a class discussion on sexual orientation may also not be appropriate as it could potentially create an uncomfortable and unsafe environment for Garrett.

Question 8

Which student is most likely to succeed academically?

Accepted Answer

Susannah's privileged background and access to resources in her elite community give her a higher probability of academic success.

Question 9

Mark decides that he doesn't want to be like the "rich kids who sell themselves out to the system." Accordingly, he prides himself on not learning what the school is trying to teach. Which of the following concepts best characterizes his behaviour?

Accepted Answer

Mark's behaviour of not learning what the school is trying to teach and priding himself on it is an example of resistance culture, where the students resist the values and norms of the dominant culture.

Question 10

The rules and traditions that guide the behaviour of a group comprise its

Accepted Answer

Culture refers to the set of norms, beliefs, practices, and customs that guide the behavior of a group. It includes both tangible and intangible elements such as language, food, music, art, and values. Ethnic heritage and racial identity refer to a person's ancestry and physical characteristics, respectively. Social status refers to a person's position within a specific social hierarchy. Therefore, the best choice is A) culture as it encompasses all of the rules and traditions that guide a group's behavior.

Question 11

The best description of the use of tracking is that it occurs when

Accepted Answer

Tracking refers to the practice of separating students into different classes or academic programs based on perceived ability or achievement levels. Option A is the only choice that accurately describes tracking. Option B refers to tracking by socioeconomic status, which is also a form of tracking but not the best description. Option C refers to ability grouping. Option D refers to special education programs, which are not necessarily a form of tracking.

Question 12

Which one of the following student situations is predictive of tracking practices?

Accepted Answer

The situation in option B where Marie was placed in the low reading group in the third grade and then counselled into home economics instead of beginning algebra in the eighth grade is indicative of tracking practices. Tracking is the practice of sorting students based on their perceived academic abilities and placing them into different classes or academic programs. Marie's placement in the low reading group and subsequent counselling into a non-academic subject suggests that she was tracked into a lower academic track. The other options do not necessarily indicate tracking practices.

Question 13

Dana is nervous about the upcoming physics exam. She is the only girl in the class and has achieved higher scores on the assignments than most of the boys in class. She knows the boys think they're smarter and better at applying principles of physics. In this situation, Dana's nervousness is an example of

Accepted Answer

Dana's nervousness is likely due to the stereotype threat, which is the fear of confirming a negative stereotype about one's group. She is the only girl in the class and may worry that if she doesn't do well on the exam, it will confirm the stereotype that girls are not good at physics. This can lead to anxiety and poorer performance, even if she is actually capable of doing well on the exam. Learned helplessness is a theory that suggests that some individuals develop a belief that they have no control over their outcomes, so they stop trying to succeed. Confirmation bias is a tendency to seek or interpret information in a way that confirms one's pre-existing beliefs or hypotheses. Negative schema refers to a pattern of negative beliefs or expectations that can color one's perceptions and interpretations of events. These concepts are not as relevant to Dana's situation as stereotype threat.

Question 14

In distinction to the term prejudice, the term discrimination refers to

Accepted Answer

Discrimination refers to behavior and actions taken towards others based on their perceived group membership, such as denying someone a job or housing based on their race or gender. Prejudice, on the other hand, refers to negative attitudes and feelings towards a particular group, which may or may not result in discriminatory behavior.

Question 15

Which one of the following children of poverty is most likely to perform well in school?

Accepted Answer

Jeb's teacher expresses high expectations of his academic performance, which can improve his motivation to perform well in school despite his circumstances. While the other options may show empathy for the students' situations, they do not necessarily provide the same level of academic support and encouragement that can lead to better academic outcomes.

Question 16

Which one of the following quotations MOST clearly represents the concept of stereotyping?

Accepted Answer

The quotation "People from that region just aren't ambitious" represents the concept of stereotyping because it makes a sweeping generalization about an entire group of people based on their geographic location, without any consideration for individual characteristics or unique circumstances.

Question 17

Which of the following is TRUE of the definition of race?

Accepted Answer

The definition of race describes a group with shared biological traits. While race is often used to categorize groups that receive unequal treatment or are considered minorities, these are not inherent to the definition of race. Nationality is also not necessarily linked to race.

Question 18

Which of the following is a recommendation to improve the effectiveness of teaching to students who come from low-income or poverty level families?

Accepted Answer

Setting high expectations and maintaining high standards for all students helps to level the playing field for low-income or poverty level students. It helps to prevent them from being stigmatized and placed in lower-level classes, which contribute to their struggles. Teaching all students to a high standard helps to ensure that they all have access to rigorous learning opportunities that will serve them well in their future endeavors.

Question 19

Which of the following terms relates to shared cultural characteristics such as common history, religion, traditions, and language?

Accepted Answer

Ethnicity refers to shared cultural characteristics such as common history, religion, traditions, and language. Race is typically based on physical characteristics, minority group refers to a group of people who are systematically disadvantaged in society, and socioeconomic status refers to a person's income, education level, and occupation.

Question 20

A societal designation of upper, middle, working, or lower class based on income, power, background, and prestige is called

Accepted Answer

The correct term to describe a societal designation based on income, power, background, and prestige is socioeconomic status (SES). This term acknowledges the intersectionality of various factors that contribute to an individual's position in society, including race, gender, and education level. SES can be used to describe individuals or groups as upper class, middle class, working class, or lower class. Therefore, option C is the most appropriate answer. Options A, B, and D do not accurately describe the concept being asked.

Quiz 6: Culture and Diversity