Question 1

A nurse educator is explaining primary health care (PHC) and the extension of its boundaries beyond traditional health care services. Issues related to PHC include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

C

Question 2

The focus of the National Health and Hospitals Reform Plan is aimed among which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The National Health and Hospitals Reform Plan is focused on improving health promotion and prevention services to prevent and manage chronic conditions, such as diabetes and heart disease. There is no mention of decreasing medication costs for the elderly, opening more health services, or identifying more services for aged care.

Question 3

Nursing students are required to attend at least two community activities related to health and wellness. When attending an immunisation clinic, a client asks about the funding for the service. The appropriate reply would be:

Accepted Answer

The Commonwealth government is responsible for the purchase and distribution of vaccines in Australia. This funding is then provided to health services, such as immunisation clinics, to provide the vaccines for free to children and certain high-risk groups.

Question 4

Which of the following is not incorporated into five major principles of primary health care?

Accepted Answer

The five major principles of primary health care are: 
1. Equitable distribution 
2. Community participation 
3. Appropriate technology 
4. Intersectoral coordination 
5. Health promotion and disease prevention. 
The focus on disease management is not one of the five major principles, as primary health care aims to improve overall health outcomes and prevent the onset of disease, rather than just managing existing diseases.

Question 5

A rural community hospital is supporting an Aboriginal community clinic to provide health education, illness prevention, acute care, screening, and rehabilitation and health promotion services for the chronically ill. What would best describe this type of approach?

Accepted Answer

An integrated health care system involves collaboration among different healthcare providers and organizations to provide comprehensive care for patients. In this scenario, the rural community hospital is working with the Aboriginal community clinic to provide a range of healthcare services. This approach addresses the needs of the community by offering illness prevention, acute care, screening, and rehabilitation services, among others.

Question 6

Consumers of health care have become more active in influencing health care delivery systems because of:

Accepted Answer

Consumers have become more aware that health includes not just the absence of disease or injury, but also quality and wellbeing factors, such as access to care, communication with providers, and care coordination. This recognition has led to a more active role in influencing health care delivery systems.

Question 7

It is said that primary health care extends beyond the boundaries of traditional health care. Which of the following best describes its purpose?

Accepted Answer

The answer of It is said that primary health care...

Question 8

Outreach programs involve partnerships between nurses and members of the community. The aim is to:

Accepted Answer

Outreach programs aim to reduce barriers to healthcare and increase access to services for members of the community, particularly those who are underserved or marginalized. This may involve providing education about healthcare services, connecting clients with available resources, and conducting interventions to improve health outcomes. Collaboration on bioethical issues, legislation, and research may also be involved, but the primary goal of outreach programs is to improve access to care. Recognition of interdisciplinary team members' contributions and assisting clients to navigate the healthcare system may also be important, but these are secondary objectives. Therefore, option C is the best choice.

Question 9

Community-based nursing involves:

Accepted Answer

Community-based nursing focuses on providing care to individuals and families in their local communities, addressing their specific health needs in a familiar setting.

Question 10

Many factors influence the clients' choice as to whether they have their care in hospitals or in community settings. Which of the following variables does not apply?

Accepted Answer

All of the other variables (A, B, and D) relate to the clients' knowledge and awareness of available options for care. However, option C refers only to their awareness of community resources, which may not necessarily be a deciding factor in choosing between hospital or community care. Other variables such as severity of illness or convenience may also play a role in decision-making.

Question 11

Which of the following would be a way of describing a healthy community?

Accepted Answer

A healthy community promotes a high level of wellness among all of its members. While A, B, and C can also be true of a healthy community, they do not necessarily define a community as healthy.

Question 12

After implementing health promotion activities and plans to prioritise health problems, the community must evaluate the effectiveness of the interventions. Which groups would be involved in this process?

Accepted Answer

Evaluation of the effectiveness of health promotion activities involves multiple stakeholders, including health care providers, consumers, community leaders, and politicians. All these stakeholders have a role to play in ensuring that the health promotion activities are effective in addressing the health problems prioritized in the community. Hospital and clinic personnel may contribute to the evaluation process, but they are not the only group involved.

Question 13

When explaining the difference between 'community' and 'population', the nurse educator uses which of the following as an example for population?

Accepted Answer

A population refers to a group of individuals that share a common characteristic, such as being on a bus together. A community refers to a group of individuals that share a common geographic location and may interact and have shared interests or goals, such as the employees at a local plant or graduating nursing students. The grade school class is also a community, but not the best example for population as it is based on age and grade level, rather than a shared characteristic.

Question 14

Improving community health will involve coalitions between individuals and groups in the interests of improving the health of the community to which they belong. Which of the following would not be an example?

Accepted Answer

Daycare programs, while beneficial for child development and support for working parents, do not directly focus on improving community health in the same way that domestic violence prevention, farm safety, and school immunization programs do. These latter programs are directly aimed at addressing specific health risks and promoting health within the community.

Question 15

To fulfil a collaborative role, nurses need to assume accountability and increased authority in practice areas. Which of the following best describes this role?

Accepted Answer

Interdisciplinary coordination for comprehensive health involves nurses assuming accountability and increased authority in practice areas to coordinate with other healthcare professionals for comprehensive patient care. This role requires collaboration, leadership, and effective communication skills to address complex patient needs. Community-based nursing and parish nursing are specific areas of nursing practice, whereas collaborating with other nurses is an essential component of nursing practice, but it does not necessarily imply increased authority or accountability.

Question 16

A Registered Nurse is working in an isolated Primary Health Care Centre where the community has a need for an immunisation service. In order to progress this service, the nurse will need to:

Accepted Answer

In order to provide immunisations autonomously, the nurse will need to obtain endorsement from a prescribing practitioner or authority. This is necessary for legal and professional reasons, as the nurse will be working independently and administering medication. Ordering vaccinations and setting up bookings for the clinic are important steps in establishing the service, but obtaining endorsement is the most critical factor for ensuring the service is provided safely and appropriately. Referring clients to the nearest clinic may not be feasible in an isolated area, and may not meet the community's needs for accessible healthcare.

Question 17

After a community was hit by flooding, the nurses at a local hospital helped to make sure people had adequate food and clothing. Which function of community help were these nurses focused on restoring?

Accepted Answer

The nurses were focused on providing essential goods such as food and clothing to help restore the distribution of goods and services within the community affected by flooding.

Question 18

A nurse is helping to set up an elder social group at a local senior centre where residents can come to play cards or participate in structured activities three times a week. This nurse is working in which community activity?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A nurse is helping to set up...

Question 19

A nurse involved in a community-based primary health care initiative that focuses on reproductive health in 17-year-olds would be:

Accepted Answer

The focus on reproductive health in 17-year-olds suggests that the nurse is working with adolescents. Child and adolescent nursing is a specialty area that focuses on the care of children and adolescents, including issues related to reproductive health. Chronic disease nursing may not be relevant in this context, and immunisation nursing and industrial nursing are different specialties that may not be applicable in this situation.

Question 20

A nurse can influence surveillance of communicable diseases in a community under a primary health care approach by all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

While washing hands is an important personal hygiene practice for preventing the spread of communicable diseases, it is not a direct way for a nurse to influence surveillance of such diseases in a community under a primary health care approach. The other options, education, research, and monitoring, all involve gathering and disseminating information about communicable diseases, which can help identify outbreaks and inform prevention and treatment strategies.

Quiz 7: Community Health