Question 1

You and your neighbour have had several discussions regarding religion and politics. You both agree that there is life after death. Based on these beliefs, which of the following is most likely her native country?

Accepted Answer

Chile has a predominantly Christian population, where beliefs in life after death are common.

Question 2

Research that has examined Erikson's last stage has found that most people end life in a state of ____.

Accepted Answer

Research has found that most people end life in a state of ego integrity, where they feel a sense of fulfillment and satisfaction with their life experiences. They have developed a sense of wisdom and acceptance of their life as a whole, including both the good and bad experiences, and they are able to face the end of life with dignity and acceptance. Despair, unhappiness, and confusion are not typical states for individuals in Erikson's last stage.

Question 3

What did Erikson propose was the main crisis of late adulthood?

Accepted Answer

Erikson proposed that the main crisis of late adulthood is ego integrity vs. despair, where one reflects on their life and accomplishments, accepting past choices and failures, and finding a sense of meaning and purpose in life, or experiencing despair and regret over missed opportunities and unfulfilled goals.

Question 4

According to Erikson, which of the following best describes an individual who is in the state of ego integrity?

Accepted Answer

According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, ego integrity is achieved in late adulthood when an individual is able to come to terms with their life and accept both the good and the bad experiences. They feel a sense of satisfaction and fulfillment with their life as a whole. Options A and B refer to earlier stages of development and option D is not related to the concept of ego integrity.

Question 5

When is death anxiety at its lowest?

Accepted Answer

Death anxiety tends to be at its lowest in late adulthood, likely due to an increased acceptance of mortality and a focus on the meaningfulness of life rather than fear of death.

Question 6

Older adults often have some fears associated with death, such as suffering and pain, loss of self-control and the ____.

Accepted Answer

Option B is the most appropriate because it refers to the fear of how the death of an older adult will impact their loved ones. Although the other options are also concerns older adults may have about death, they are not as universally applicable as the fear of causing grief in their loved ones.

Question 7

Individuals who have the strongest religious faith tend to have the lowest death anxiety. Why?

Accepted Answer

Individuals who have strong religious faith believe in a pleasant afterlife, which can greatly reduce their fear of death. They trust that their faith will provide them with a positive experience after death, which can make them less anxious about dying.

Question 8

Anxiety about death is lowest among those who ____.

Accepted Answer

Studies have consistently found that individuals who maintain strong religious faith tend to have lower levels of anxiety about death compared to those who have weak or non-existent religious beliefs. This is likely due to the belief in an afterlife and the hope that death is not an ending, but rather a transition to a better existence.

Question 9

Anxiety about death is highest among those who ____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Anxiety about death is highest among those...

Question 10

In every religion, the determination of the soul's destiny in the afterlife depends on ____.

Accepted Answer

In most religions, the soul's destiny in the afterlife is determined by the kind of moral life the individual led. This includes factors such as following religious laws, being kind to others, and avoiding sin.

Question 11

Death anxiety is ____ in emerging adulthood, then ____ with age and is lowest in ____ adulthood.

Accepted Answer

Death anxiety is typically highest in emerging adulthood, declines with age, and is found to be lowest in late adulthood. This pattern reflects changes in individuals' perspectives and acceptance of mortality over the lifespan.

Question 12

From the time that you were a very young child, you and your grandparents have had a very good and loving relationship. They talk about all kinds of things with you. They are both in their late 70s and have been talking quite a bit about their lives, how they lived their lives and the high and low points. According to Butler, what are your grandparents doing?

Accepted Answer

According to Butler, a life review is a natural process that occurs during later adulthood in which individuals reflect on the course and meaning of their lives. This involves revisiting important events, achievements, and relationships, as well as exploring unresolved conflicts or regrets. Therefore, the grandparents are engaging in a life review by talking about their lives and the highs and lows they have experienced.

Question 13

Your high school friend and you are discussing your religious beliefs. After some discussion, he describes how, when his grandfather died, his eyes were closed and his body laid on the floor. Candles were lit nearby. What is likely his religion?

Accepted Answer

In Judaism, it is a common practice to close the eyes of the deceased and lay the body on the floor, often with candles lit nearby, as part of the mourning and burial traditions.

Question 14

In all religions, there is a belief that after death the ____.

Accepted Answer

The belief in an afterlife or the continuation of the soul after death is a fundamental aspect of many religions, including Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Judaism. The concept of the soul is central to these religions, and it is believed that the soul continues to exist beyond physical death, either in a realm of the afterlife or through reincarnation. Therefore, option A is the best choice as it is the most widely accepted belief across religions regarding the soul's existence after death.

Question 15

What occurs for most individuals during late adulthood when one thinks about the life he or she has lived and comes to an acceptance of it, both the lows and the highs?

Accepted Answer

This process is known as life review, in which individuals reflect on their life experiences and come to an acceptance of both the positive and negative aspects of their lives.

Question 16

The International Social Survey Program surveyed 32 countries. Which country has the greatest difference in people saying 'definitely yes' as opposed to 'probably yes' in answer to the question: Do you believe in life after death?

Accepted Answer

Turkey has the greatest difference in responses, with a significantly higher number of people saying 'definitely yes' compared to 'probably yes' regarding belief in life after death.

Question 17

What is the crisis that Erikson proposed exists during late adulthood?

Accepted Answer

During late adulthood, Erikson proposed that the crisis is between ego integrity vs. despair. This means that individuals in late adulthood are facing the challenge of coming to terms with their lives and whether or not they are satisfied with how they've lived. They may experience feelings of regret or despair if they feel like they have not accomplished all they wanted or if they feel like their life was not meaningful. On the other hand, if they feel they have achieved purpose and are content with their life, they will experience ego integrity.

Question 18

Across cultures, death anxiety is also consistently higher among ____.

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown that women report higher levels of death anxiety than men across cultures.

Question 19

Your 82-year-old grandparents talk a fair amount about death and very frequently joke about it. Why?

Accepted Answer

It is common for older adults to contemplate death more frequently as they approach the end of their lives. Humor can be a healthy coping mechanism for dealing with this fear and uncertainty. Therefore, it is likely that the grandparents in this scenario are using humor as a way to manage their feelings about death.

Question 20

When asked the question, 'Do you believe in life after death?' how did the great majority of Japanese answer?

Accepted Answer

The answer of When asked the question, 'Do you believe...

Quiz 13: Death and Afterlife Beliefs