Question 1

Which personality characteristic tends to lead to effectiveness in jobs with a lot of opportunities to interact with others?
A)openness
B)conscientiousness.
C)extraversion
D)agreeableness

Accepted Answer

Extraversion tends to lead to effectiveness in jobs with a lot of opportunities to interact with others. Individuals high in extraversion enjoy and seek out social interactions, are assertive, and have high levels of energy and enthusiasm in social situations. Extraversion is a personality characteristic that tends to lead to effectiveness in jobs with a lot of opportunities to interact with others. Extraverts are outgoing, assertive, and sociable, making them well-suited to roles that involve frequent communication and collaboration with others. They tend to be energized by social interactions and feel comfortable in group settings.

Question 2

Which of the following statements about the personality trait agreeableness is accurate?
A)People high in agreeableness tend to exhibit strong aggressive behavior.
B)All occupations look to hire people who are high in agreeableness.
C)People high in agreeableness tend to be less effective at providing constructive criticism.
D)People high in agreeableness have

Accepted Answer

People high in agreeableness tend to prioritize harmony and avoid conflict, which may make it more difficult for them to provide constructive criticism. However, this does not mean they are unable to provide constructive criticism, just that it may not come as naturally to them as it would to someone who scores lower in agreeableness. Options A and B are incorrect because people high in agreeableness are less likely to exhibit strong aggressive behavior and there is no evidence to suggest that all occupations prefer workers who are high in agreeableness. Option D is incomplete and therefore unclear.

Question 3

Study findings on personality indicate
A)we are more emotionally stable and more organized between the ages of 20 and 40.
B)personality is the primary predictor of work behavior.
C)although personality impacts us during our youth it has no lasting consequences for us.
D)although it is interesting information, employee personality has relatively little impact on placing individuals in jobs.

Accepted Answer

Research shows that personality tends to be more stable between the ages of 20 and 40, with individuals becoming more emotionally stable and organized during this period. However, personality can still change later in life. B is incorrect because personality is just one of many factors that can impact work behavior. C is incorrect because personality can have lasting consequences for individuals, influencing their relationships, career choices, and overall well-being. D is incorrect because employee personality can have significant impact on job performance, job satisfaction, and fit within a particular work environment. Studies have shown that people tend to become more emotionally stable and organized as they age, with the peak being between the ages of 20 and 40.

Question 4

People who exhibit the Big 5 personality characteristic of openness would be most likely to work in which of the following firms?
A)an entrepreneurial start-up in the high tech industry
B)a large discount retailer like Wal-Mart
C)a large fast food franchise
D)a small business that makes cardboard boxes

Accepted Answer

People who exhibit the personality trait of openness tend to be more creative and curious, and are willing to take risks. Therefore, an entrepreneurial start-up in the high tech industry would be the best fit for them. The other options are more suited for individuals who exhibit other personality traits such as agreeableness, conscientiousness, and extroversion. People who exhibit high levels of openness tend to be creative, curious, and open to new experiences. This makes them well-suited for working in an entrepreneurial start-up in the high tech industry, where innovation and new ideas are key drivers of success. The other options (B, C, and D) may require different personality traits such as conscientiousness, agreeableness, or emotional stability.

Question 5

Maurice is described as "very curious.He has very original thoughts.He is a bright young man with a very creative flair." Maurice exhibits the personality trait of ____________.
A)extraversion.
B)agreeableness.
C)conscientiousness.
D)openness.

Accepted Answer

Maurice exhibits the personality trait of openness, as he is described as curious, having original thoughts, and a creative flair, which are all characteristics of this trait. Maurice exhibits the personality trait of openness, as described by his curiosity, original thoughts, and creative flair. Openness is one of the Big Five personality traits that includes characteristics such as imagination, creativity, and a willingness to try new things.

Question 6

Jennifer complains to her friends every Friday night about the stresses and hassles of her job.Each week she tells them she is going to leave her company even though she has been working there for five years.Jennifer is likely to be
A)high in conscientiousness.
B)high in neuroticism.
C)low in agreeableness.
D)high in extraversion.

Accepted Answer

Jennifer's tendency to complain every week and express her desire to leave her job despite working there for five years suggests a high level of neuroticism, which is characterized by emotional instability, anxiety, and insecurity. People high in neuroticism are often prone to negative emotions and feelings of dissatisfaction, which could explain Jennifer's constant complaints. Jennifer's behavior of constantly complaining about her job and expressing a desire to quit despite having worked at the company for five years suggests that she is high in neuroticism. People high in neuroticism tend to experience high levels of anxiety, worry, and frustration, making them more likely to express negative emotions and behaviors.

Question 7

Which instrumental value is most likely to be prevalent in Wall Street brokers?
A)forgiveness
B)ambition
C)obedience
D)imagination

Accepted Answer

Ambition is the instrumental value most commonly associated with Wall Street brokers. Their main goal is to maximize profit and achieve financial success, which is often driven by a strong desire for personal ambition and achievement. Wall Street brokers are known for being highly competitive and driven to succeed, often at any cost. Ambition is likely the most prevalent instrumental value among this group.

Question 8

Choosing a job that offers health care as part of its benefit package over a position that pays more but has no such health care might reflect the job seeker's concern about
A)inner harmony.
B)imaginative.
C)family security.
D)self-respect.

Accepted Answer

Choosing a job with health care benefits reflects the job seeker's concern about their family's security and well-being. Choosing a job with health care benefits reflects concern for the security of oneself and one's family.

Question 9

__________ is the degree to which a person is anxious, irritable, aggressive and moody.
A)Neuroticism
B)Extraversion
C)Conscientiousness
D)Openness

Accepted Answer

Neuroticism refers to the tendency to experience negative emotions such as anxiety, irritability, and moodiness. It is one of the Big Five personality traits characterized by emotional instability, nervousness, and rumination. Extraversion, on the other hand, is characterized by sociability, assertiveness, and positive emotions. Conscientiousness refers to the degree of responsibility and organization, while openness refers to the degree of imagination, creativity, and curiosity. Neuroticism is a personality trait that reflects the degree to which a person experiences negative emotions, such as anxiety, irritability, aggression and moodiness. It is one of the five major personality traits in the five-factor model of personality. The other options (B) extraversion, (C) conscientiousness, and (D) openness, do not reflect this particular set of emotional characteristics.

Question 10

Which of the following is an instrumental value?
A)clean
B)self-respect
C)family security
D)a world of beauty

Accepted Answer

Instrumental values are modes of behaviors or means to achieve an end. "Clean" is an instrumental value because it refers to a state or condition that can be desired for the sake of achieving something else, such as health or social acceptance.

Question 11

Removing your hat during the playing of The National Anthem in the United States is an example of the value of ________________.
A)benevolence.
B)security.
C)tradition.
D)universalism.

Accepted Answer

Removing your hat during the playing of The National Anthem in the United States is a traditional custom that represents respect for the nation and its values. Therefore, the value being exemplified is "tradition." Removing your hat during the playing of The National Anthem in the United States is a tradition that shows respect for the country and its symbols. It is not related to benevolence or security, and only indirectly related to universalism.

Question 12

The relatively stable feelings, thoughts, and behavioral patterns a person has is
A)values.
B)personality.
C)self-esteem.
D)conscientiousness.

Accepted Answer

Personality refers to the relatively stable feelings, thoughts, and behavioral patterns a person has, making it the best answer. Values are beliefs and attitudes that guide behavior and decision-making, self-esteem refers to an individual's subjective evaluation of their worth, and conscientiousness is a specific personality trait associated with being organized, responsible, and dependable. Personality refers to the relatively stable and consistent patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that distinguish individuals from one another. Values refer to the beliefs and principles that guide a person's behavior and decision-making. Self-esteem refers to an individual's overall evaluation or appraisal of their worth as a person. Conscientiousness is a personality trait characterized by being responsible, dependable, organized, and achievement-oriented.

Question 13

Early experiences are important influences over dominant values.If Sharon was raised by an aunt because her parents had both died when she was ten, she most likely would see what value as central to her life?
A)an exciting life
B)security
C)self-respect
D)forgiveness

Accepted Answer

Being raised by someone other than one's parents can create a sense of insecurity and instability, which may lead Sharon to place a high value on security in her life. Since Sharon lost both of her parents at a young age, she may have experienced a loss of security in her life. Therefore, it is probable that she would see security as a central value in her life.

Question 14

Lauren takes a personality survey and finds she strongly exhibits the trait of agreeableness.She might be described as being
A)organized, punctual, systematic and dependable.
B)nice, tolerant, sensitive and kind.
C)outgoing, talkative, and sociable.
D)curious, creative and original.

Accepted Answer

Agreeableness refers to a person's ability to get along with others, their level of empathy, and their ability to cooperate and compromise. The traits "nice, tolerant, sensitive, and kind" match the definition of agreeableness. Agreeableness is a personality trait characterized by warmth, kindness, and cooperation. People who score high in agreeableness are often described as nice, tolerant, sensitive, and kind. Therefore, option B is the best choice.

Question 15

Across a variety of occupations and jobs, what is the one personality trait that most uniformly predicts how high a person's performance will be?
A)conscientiousness
B)extraversion
C)agreeableness
D)openness

Accepted Answer

Conscientiousness is consistently shown to be the personality trait that most predicts high performance in a variety of occupations and jobs. This trait includes qualities like being goal-oriented, responsible, reliable, and organized, which are all important for success in the workplace. Conscientiousness, which is characterized by being responsible, dependable, and organized, is the personality trait that most uniformly predicts high performance across occupations and jobs. Studies have consistently shown that people who score high in conscientiousness tend to be more successful in their careers, have higher job satisfaction, and earn more money than their less conscientious peers.

Question 16

Values change over the generations, evolving in response to historical contexts.Which of the following statements is true regarding values of different generations?
A)Generation Xers (born between 1965 and 1979) are very group-oriented.
B)Generation Xers (born between 1965 and 1979) see work as central in their lives.
C)Generation Xers (born between 1965 and 1979) don't care what they do for work, they just want money.
D)Generation Xers (born between 1965 and 1979) have to feel that their personal goals align with organizational ones before they work toward company goals.

Accepted Answer

Generation Xers value work-life balance and want to feel that their personal goals align with organizational ones before they work toward company goals. They tend to prioritize individual achievement and independence over group-oriented behavior, making statement A incorrect. While work is important to them, it is not necessarily the central focus of their lives, making statement B incorrect. Finally, statement C is a broad and inaccurate generalization about the motivations of Generation Xers. Generation Xers (born between 1965 and 1979) prioritize work/life balance and place a high value on personal fulfillment in their careers. They are less likely to see work as central to their lives and more likely to seek out meaningful work that aligns with their personal goals before committing to organizational goals.

Question 17

Which of the following statements about values is true?
A)Values impact the individual, but not how they work.
B)Values are not very stable; they change over short periods of time.
C)Values affect the decisions people make, but have little impact on their behavior.
D)Values are developed early in life and remain stable over a lifetime.

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that values are developed early in life and tend to remain relatively stable over a person's lifetime. Values can influence a person's behavior and decision-making, guiding them towards certain actions and choices. While there may be some fluctuation in values over time, they are generally considered to be relatively stable. Values are developed early in life and tend to be relatively stable over time. They shape a person's beliefs and attitudes, which in turn inform their decision-making and behavior. While values may be influenced by experiences and changes in circumstances over time, they generally persist throughout a person's life.

Question 18

Empathy is to agreeableness as sociability is to ______________.
A)neuroticism.
B)conscientiousness.
C)openness.
D)extraversion.

Accepted Answer

Sociability is strongly associated with extraversion. Individuals high in extraversion tend to be outgoing and sociable, while those lower in extraversion tend to be more reserved and solitary. Empathy and agreeableness are both related to compassion and concern for others. Similarly, sociability is related to extraversion, which involves social behavior, assertiveness, and outgoingness.

Question 19

__________ is a terminal value.
A)Broad-minded
B)Inner harmony
C)Forgiving
D)Obedient

Accepted Answer

Inner harmony is a terminal value, meaning it is an ultimate goal or end in itself. Broad-mindedness, forgivingness, and obedience are examples of instrumental values, meaning they are a means to achieving a greater goal or end. Inner harmony is a terminal value, which means it is an ultimate goal or end in itself, rather than a means to an end. Broad-minded, forgiving, and obedient are all instrumental values, which are values that are viewed as important because they help people achieve their terminal values.

Question 20

According to Rokeach, which of the following is not accurate about values?
A)Values are grouped into terminal and instrumental categories.
B)Values are hierarchically ordered.
C)Values are shaped late in life.
D)Values are relatively stable over time.

Accepted Answer

Rokeach argues that values are shaped early in life, and are relatively stable over time. However, he does categorize them into terminal and instrumental values and believes that they are hierarchically ordered. According to Rokeach, values are shaped early in life rather than late in life.

Quiz 3: Understanding People at Work: Individual Differences and Perception

Which personality characteristic tends to lead to effectiveness in jobs with a lot of opportunities to interact with others?

Which of the following statements about the personality trait agreeableness is accurate?

Study findings on personality indicate

People who exhibit the Big 5 personality characteristic of openness would be most likely to work in which of the following firms?

Maurice is described as "very curious.He has very original thoughts.He is a bright young man with a very creative flair." Maurice exhibits the personality trait of ____________.

Jennifer complains to her friends every Friday night about the stresses and hassles of her job.Each week she tells them she is going to leave her company even though she has been working there for five years.Jennifer is likely to be

Which instrumental value is most likely to be prevalent in Wall Street brokers?

Choosing a job that offers health care as part of its benefit package over a position that pays more but has no such health care might reflect the job seeker's concern about

__________ is the degree to which a person is anxious, irritable, aggressive and moody.

Which of the following is an instrumental value?

Removing your hat during the playing of The National Anthem in the United States is an example of the value of ________________.

The relatively stable feelings, thoughts, and behavioral patterns a person has is

Early experiences are important influences over dominant values.If Sharon was raised by an aunt because her parents had both died when she was ten, she most likely would see what value as central to her life?

Lauren takes a personality survey and finds she strongly exhibits the trait of agreeableness.She might be described as being

Across a variety of occupations and jobs, what is the one personality trait that most uniformly predicts how high a person's performance will be?

Values change over the generations, evolving in response to historical contexts.Which of the following statements is true regarding values of different generations?

Which of the following statements about values is true?

Empathy is to agreeableness as sociability is to ______________.

__________ is a terminal value.

According to Rokeach, which of the following is not accurate about values?