Question 1

In World War II, White soldiers had more positive attitudes toward the Black soldiers who fought together with them as long as they were able to maintain a higher-status position, rather than when there was equality between them.

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Question 2

Define group cohesion and discuss the factors that influence cohesion.What makes a group cohesive? What are the different types of cohesion, and under what conditions is each type most effective? What consequences are likely to emerge if cohesiveness is low?

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Question 3

A person's actual competence is more important than their presumed competence as a factor to reduce conformity.

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Question 4

Lou and Mel are members of the Gold Team.Krishna and Jackson are members of the Blue Team.Both teams perform equally well in a jelly bean counting contest.After watching each other's performances, Lou and Mel will believe that the Gold Team performed better whereas Krishna and Jackson will believe that the Blue Team performed better.

Accepted Answer

This is an example of in-group bias, where people tend to perceive members of their own group as better than members of other groups. Lou and Mel belong to the Gold Team and have a bias towards them, whereas Krishna and Jackson belong to the Blue Team and have a bias towards them.

Question 5

Lynne recently started college.In her economics class, she was assigned a class project with a team of three other students.She joins a sorority and becomes close friends with her sorority sisters.Her project team in class represents a primary group whereas her sorority represents a secondary group.

Accepted Answer

This statement is incorrect as Lynne's sorority represents a primary group as it is a close-knit group with emotional ties and mutual support. Her project team in class represents a secondary group as it is a less personal and more task-oriented group with a specific goal to achieve.

Question 6

Antoni is first generation Italian-American.He views Italian-Americans as the center of his world and overall superior to other European migrants.Antoni demonstrates ethnocentrism.

Accepted Answer

Antoni is showing ethnocentrism by believing that Italian-Americans are superior to other European migrants.

Question 7

Samira would like people of all genders to have equal pay in the workplace.She volunteers for a nonprofit that performs workplace trainings to reduce the gender pay gap.The compatibility between Samira's goals and the nonprofit's goals is known as goal isomorphism.

Accepted Answer

Samira's goal of reducing the gender pay gap in the workplace is aligned with the nonprofit's goal of performing workplace trainings to achieve that goal. This is an example of goal isomorphism.

Question 8

Intergroup conflict tends to threaten or reduce cohesion within groups.

Accepted Answer

Intergroup conflict often increases cohesion within groups as members unite against a common external threat.

Question 9

What are three factors that influence group conformity? Provide an example of each.

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Question 10

What are group norms? Describe three functions of group norms.Illustrate the three functions of group norms using examples from a group to which you belong.

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Question 11

According to research, one way to increase group conformity would be to expose people to a picture of an accountant.

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that exposure to certain stereotypes, such as those associated with accountants, can influence behavior and increase conformity due to the perceived traits of orderliness and rule-following.

Question 12

Describe the method and results of the two classic studies of group conformity (Asch line study, Sherif autokinetic effect study).What type of influence operated in each study?

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Question 13

Darren presumes that he is more competent in engine repairs than others are in his mechanics class.Due to his presumed mechanics, he is less likely to conform to the group when working on engine repairs.

Accepted Answer

Darren's perceived competence in engine repairs makes him less likely to conform to the group, as he believes he knows more than others and may be resistant to their suggestions or input.

Question 14

According to the social dominance theory, intergroup conflict emerges when a group fears its position compared to another group may change in ways that threaten its prerogatives.

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Question 15

Identify the three sources of intergroup conflict.How does each source of conflict lead to conflict?

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Quiz 15: Understanding Groups