Question 1

The nurse consults with a patient who is a vegan and stresses that this diet puts the patient at risk for:
A) diabetes.
B) iron deficiency.
C) osteoporosis
D) scurvy.

Accepted Answer

In the vegan diet, all animal food sources are excluded, placing a patient who eats this diet most at risk for deficient intake of protein leading to an iron deficiency.

Question 2

The nursing action that is most beneficial toward creating an atmosphere conducive to eating for a hospitalized patient immobilized in bed is:
A) lower the head of bed as tolerated.
B) remove the urinal from the over the bed table.
C) invite the patient to wash hands and face before eating.
D) use a deodorizer to remove any unpleasant odor in the room.

Accepted Answer

Remove distracting articles such as the urinal and emesis basin.

Question 3

The nurse evaluates the patient's understanding of the fiber content of grains and cereals when the patient selects:
A) white bread toast with an orange.
B) wheat bread toast with a peeled apple.
C) shredded wheat and a banana.
D) a biscuit and a grapefruit.

Accepted Answer

Shredded wheat and a banana contain a total of 6 g of fiber per serving, whereas wheat toast with an apple contain a total of 4 g, white bread with a banana contain a total of 3 g, and a biscuit with a grapefruit contain a total of 4 g.

Question 4

The nurse points out to the newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetic patient that complex carbohydrates:
A) do not affect the blood sugar level.
B) keep the blood sugar at an unsatisfactory high level.
C) lack adequate nutritional potential.
D) maintain a more consistent blood sugar level.

Accepted Answer

Complex carbohydrates (pasta, cereal, rice) provide a more consistent blood sugar level that simple sugars.

Question 5

A patient refuses to eat all types of meat, which has led to a protein deficiency. The nurse recognizes that the only plant source that contains all nine essential amino acids is:
A) bean sprouts.
B) lima beans.
C) kidney beans.
D) soybeans.

Accepted Answer

Soybeans are the only plant source that provides all nine essential amino acids.

Question 6

The nurse would be sure the diet of a patient in an extended care facility who has a large pressure ulcer on his sacrum would include foods rich in:
A) vitamin A.
B) vitamin B1 (thiamine).
C) vitamin C.
D) vitamin E.

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C helps protect the body against infections and promotes wound healing.

Question 7

The nurse in a long-term care facility understands that the 86-year-old resident's frequent complaints about "heartburn" are most likely due to the age-related decreased:
A) peristalsis.
B) gag reflex.
C) appetite.
D) sphincter tone.

Accepted Answer

The age-related loss of muscle tone in the sphincters increases the incidence of heartburn and esophageal reflux.

Question 8

The nurse reminds the patient that the salivary glands excrete saliva, which initiates the digestion of:
A) proteins.
B) starches.
C) fats.
D) fiber.

Accepted Answer

Saliva initiates the digestion of starches.

Question 9

A patient has been placed on a reduced cholesterol diet to help control heart disease. The serving that would be most appropriate for the patient to select for supper is:
A) 3 ounces of tuna canned in water.
B) 1 frankfurter.
C) one 3-ounce pork chop.
D) 1/2 chicken breast with skin.

Accepted Answer

The tuna canned in water contains only 2 g of fat, whereas the highest fat grams are found in the pork chop (19 g) followed by the chicken breast with skin (18 g).

Question 10

A mother is concerned that her toddler is not eating enough at mealtimes. The most informative suggestion by the nurse would be to:
A) provide large portions to stimulate appetite.
B) provide single item foods or finger foods that do not touch each other on the plate.
C) increase the amount of milk at each meal.
D) use plain white dishes to keep attention focused on food.

Accepted Answer

Toddlers prefer single item foods in small quantities that do not touch each other on a colorful plate. Milk intake should decrease during the toddler years as solid food takes the place of milk.

Question 11

A patient weighing 132 pounds has been recommended to increase daily protein intake. The nurse assists the patient to make dietary selections of protein after calculating that the daily protein requirement for this patient is:
A) 24g
B) 36g
C) 48g
D) 60 g

Accepted Answer

The protein requirement for the day is equal to the number of kilograms of weight (convert pounds to kg) multiplied by 0.8 (ie, 132/2.2 = 48).

Question 12

When a patient asks how is a good way to increase fiber in the diet, the nurse's best response would be:
A) eating unpeeled apples.
B) increase intake of dark leafy greens.
C) eating broiled salmon.
D) taking daily concentrated fiber supplements.

Accepted Answer

Eating the skins of fruits is a good source of fiber. Fiber concentrates do not contain needed vitamins and minerals.

Question 13

The mother of a 4-month old infant asks what type of cereal is most appropriate to feed the infant as a first solid food. The best response from the nurse is to suggest
A) wheat.
B) barley.
C) corn.
D) rice.

Accepted Answer

A cereal such as rice is the best initial choice, because it is easily tolerated, provides additional calories and iron, and is least likely to be allergenic.

Question 14

The nurse is delivering a meal tray to a patient in a skilled nursing facility who is a Muslim. The nurse should confirm the meal is free of:
A) raw fruits.
B) eggplant.
C) pork.
D) lamb.

Accepted Answer

People of the Muslim faith are prohibited from eating pork.

Question 15

The nurse emphasizes the dietary recommendations made by the American Heart Association is to limit cholesterol intake to:
A) 300 mg/day.
B) 400 mg/day.
C) 425 mg/day.
D) 500 mg/day.

Accepted Answer

The American Heart Association recommends an intake of cholesterol to 300 mg/day or less.

Question 16

The nurse is aware that vitamin B₁₂ is absorbed in the: A) stomach. B) large intestine. C) liver. D) gallbladder.

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B₁₂, an aid in hemoglobin syntheses, is absorbed in the stomach through the action of the intrinsic factor, which is secreted from the stomach wall.

Question 17

On assessment, the nurse finds that the female patient has a BMI of 26, a waist of 37 inches, pale conjunctiva, and a large muscle mass. The indicator of this patient being overweight is:
A) BMI level.
B) waist measurement.
C) conjunctiva.
D) large muscle mass.

Accepted Answer

A waist measurement in women of over 35 is an indicator of greater risk for overweight and disease.

Question 18

The LPN/LVN filling out the Jewish patient's dietary menu for lunch would avoid ordering:
A) meat and fish.
B) milk and vegetables.
C) meat and milk.
D) vegetables and fruit.

Accepted Answer

Common food practices in Judaism include not eating meat and milk at the same meal.

Question 19

A nurse takes into consideration that the usual diet of Asian Americans has a potential for altering health because the diet is high in:
A) protein.
B) starch.
C) sodium.
D) vitamin C.

Accepted Answer

The Asian diet is high in sodium and fat.

Question 20

The patient states that he uses a large amount of table sugar (sucrose) in his foods because it gives him quick energy. The nurse explains that sucrose will:
A) quickly raise the blood sugar, and the level drops slowly.
B) not raise the blood sugar as quickly as a protein source will.
C) cause a hunger and energy lag because of the rapid fall of the blood sugar.
D) also act as a good support to the digestion of fiber.

Accepted Answer

Table sugar is high in sucrose, which is quickly absorbed into the bloodstream and can cause rapid rises and falls in blood glucose, which leads to hunger and an energy lag.

Quiz 26: Concepts of Basic Nutrition and Cultural Considerations

The nurse consults with a patient who is a vegan and stresses that this diet puts the patient at risk for:

The nursing action that is most beneficial toward creating an atmosphere conducive to eating for a hospitalized patient immobilized in bed is:

The nurse evaluates the patient's understanding of the fiber content of grains and cereals when the patient selects:

The nurse points out to the newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetic patient that complex carbohydrates:

A patient refuses to eat all types of meat, which has led to a protein deficiency. The nurse recognizes that the only plant source that contains all nine essential amino acids is:

The nurse would be sure the diet of a patient in an extended care facility who has a large pressure ulcer on his sacrum would include foods rich in:

The nurse in a long-term care facility understands that the 86-year-old resident's frequent complaints about "heartburn" are most likely due to the age-related decreased:

The nurse reminds the patient that the salivary glands excrete saliva, which initiates the digestion of:

A patient has been placed on a reduced cholesterol diet to help control heart disease. The serving that would be most appropriate for the patient to select for supper is:

A mother is concerned that her toddler is not eating enough at mealtimes. The most informative suggestion by the nurse would be to:

A patient weighing 132 pounds has been recommended to increase daily protein intake. The nurse assists the patient to make dietary selections of protein after calculating that the daily protein requirement for this patient is:

When a patient asks how is a good way to increase fiber in the diet, the nurse's best response would be:

The mother of a 4-month old infant asks what type of cereal is most appropriate to feed the infant as a first solid food. The best response from the nurse is to suggest

The nurse is delivering a meal tray to a patient in a skilled nursing facility who is a Muslim. The nurse should confirm the meal is free of:

The nurse emphasizes the dietary recommendations made by the American Heart Association is to limit cholesterol intake to:

The nurse is aware that vitamin B12 is absorbed in the:

On assessment, the nurse finds that the female patient has a BMI of 26, a waist of 37 inches, pale conjunctiva, and a large muscle mass. The indicator of this patient being overweight is:

The LPN/LVN filling out the Jewish patient's dietary menu for lunch would avoid ordering:

A nurse takes into consideration that the usual diet of Asian Americans has a potential for altering health because the diet is high in:

The patient states that he uses a large amount of table sugar (sucrose) in his foods because it gives him quick energy. The nurse explains that sucrose will:

The nurse is aware that vitamin B₁₂ is absorbed in the: