Question 1

Direct immunofluorescence is a laboratory test that is effective in confirming which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Direct immunofluorescence is typically used to detect the presence of specific antibodies or antigens in tissue samples, often for autoimmune blistering diseases, not for the conditions listed.

Question 2

A 21-year-old patient developed oral ulcers, conjunctivitis, and genital ulcers. Which of the following should be considered?

Accepted Answer

Behçet's syndrome is characterized by a triad of symptoms: oral ulcers, genital ulcers, and eye inflammation (e.g., conjunctivitis), which matches the symptoms described in the patient.

Question 3

Granulomatous inflammation is characteristically seen in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Granulomatous inflammation is a type of chronic inflammation characterized by the formation of granulomas. It is seen in various infections and conditions, including tuberculosis (caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis) and fungal infections such as histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, and coccidioidomycosis. These diseases can cause the body to form granulomas as a response to the infectious agent.

Question 4

A 32-year-old man experiences sudden diffuse swelling of his lips and face following ingestion of a 1.5 pound steamed Maine lobster. Virtually no redness is associated with the swelling. This suggests which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Angioedema is characterized by sudden, severe swelling of the face, lips, tongue, and/or throat. It can be triggered by certain foods, including shellfish like lobster, in susceptible individuals. The lack of redness differentiates it from conditions that cause erythema (redness), such as erythema multiforme and Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Contact allergy typically results in localized redness and itching at the point of contact, and indigestion does not cause facial swelling.

Question 5

Etiologic factors associated with oral cancer include:

Accepted Answer

All the options listed (Human papillomavirus, Alcohol consumption, Pipe smoking, Cigarette smoking) are recognized etiologic factors associated with the development of oral cancer.

Question 6

Squamous cell carcinoma of the mouth:

Accepted Answer

Squamous cell carcinoma of the mouth is indeed more commonly seen in men than in women, reflecting differences in risk factor exposures such as smoking and alcohol use, which are historically higher in men.

Question 7

"Cotton roll" injury could be classified as a(n):

Accepted Answer

The answer of "Cotton roll" injury could be classified as...

Question 8

Oral squamous cell carcinoma:

Accepted Answer

Oral squamous cell carcinoma has been strongly linked to the use of tobacco in all forms, including smoking and smokeless tobacco. This is a well-established risk factor for the development of this type of cancer.

Question 9

Most oral tuberculous ulcers are believed to occur through which of the following mechanisms?

Accepted Answer

Mucosal implantation of organisms from infected sputum is the primary mechanism through which most oral tuberculous ulcers are believed to occur. This happens when a person with an active pulmonary tuberculosis infection coughs up bacteria-laden sputum and then swallows it, leading to the implantation of the bacteria in the oral mucosa.

Question 10

Intraoral trauma, hormonal changes, and some dietary substances seem to be able to trigger which of the following diseases?

Accepted Answer

Aphthous ulcers, also known as canker sores, can be triggered by factors such as intraoral trauma, hormonal changes, and certain dietary substances.

Question 11

Cutaneous lesions that exhibit characteristic concentric red and white rings (target lesions) may be seen in association with the oral lesions that appear as:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cutaneous lesions that exhibit characteristic concentric red...

Question 12

Currently, which of the following is believed to be the best explanation of the cause of oral aphthous ulcers?

Accepted Answer

The best explanation for the cause of oral aphthous ulcers is believed to be a cell-mediated immune defect. This condition involves an abnormal immune response, where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the mucous membrane cells in the mouth, leading to the formation of ulcers.

Question 13

"Target" or "iris" skin lesions are the classic cutaneous counterpart of which of the following oral ulcerative diseases?

Accepted Answer

Erythema multiforme is known for its characteristic target or iris skin lesions and can also present with oral ulcerations, making it the correct association.

Question 14

The etiology of oral aphthous ulcers has been associated with all the following except:

Accepted Answer

Ethanol intake is not typically associated with the etiology of oral aphthous ulcers. Conditions like Crohn's disease, nontropical sprue (celiac disease), iron deficiency, and folic acid deficiency have been linked to the development of these ulcers due to their impact on the body's immune response and nutritional status.

Question 15

An otherwise healthy 24-year-old man presents with a painful ulcer on his tongue. The lesion is oval and measures approximately 3 mm in diameter. The lesion was not preceded by a blister. This problem has been cyclic (once per month), and the lesions have healed in about 1 week. He most likely has:

Accepted Answer

Minor aphthae, also known as canker sores, are characterized by small, painful ulcers on the oral mucosa that heal spontaneously within a week or two. They often recur cyclically, as described in the patient's case. The absence of a preceding blister helps differentiate it from conditions like secondary herpes.

Question 16

Granulomatous inflammation is defined microscopically as a focal collection of which of the following cells?

Accepted Answer

Granulomatous inflammation is characterized by a focal collection of macrophages, often transformed into epithelioid cells, and sometimes surrounded by lymphocytes and multinucleated giant cells, not the cells listed in the options.

Question 17

Vesicles or bullae are not evident clinically in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Major aphthae, also known as major recurrent aphthous stomatitis, typically present as large, painful ulcers in the mouth without the formation of vesicles or bullae.

Question 18

The symptom of pain is a consistent feature of all the following except:

Accepted Answer

Squamous cell carcinoma may not consistently present with pain, especially in its early stages, unlike the other conditions listed which typically involve painful lesions or ulcers.

Question 19

The keratinocyte desmosome complex is the pathologic target in which of the following diseases?

Accepted Answer

The keratinocyte desmosome complex is not the pathologic target in any of the diseases listed. In pemphigus vulgaris, not listed here, autoantibodies target desmosomes, leading to blistering of the skin and mucous membranes.

Question 20

Which of the following cells are believed to play an important role in the sensitization phase of contact allergic reactions?

Accepted Answer

Langerhans cells are antigen-presenting cells found in the skin that play a crucial role in the immune system's response to allergens, including the sensitization phase of contact allergic reactions. They capture and present allergens to T cells, initiating the immune response.

Quiz 2: Ul-cerative Conditions