Question 1

Match each description to a nephron tubule portion. Nephron tubule portions can be used more than once.
-tubule segment that usually has the largest decrease in osmolarity

Accepted Answer

The ascending segment of the loop of Henle is responsible for the active transport of salts out of the filtrate, which leads to a significant decrease in osmolarity as the filtrate ascends this segment. This process dilutes the filtrate by reducing its salt concentration.

Question 2

Which term refers to an extended period of torpor that an animal enters during the summer when the environment is too hot and water is too scarce?

Accepted Answer

Estivation is a state of dormancy or torpor that animals enter during periods of extreme heat or drought, primarily to conserve energy and reduce the need for water.

Question 3

Match each description to a nephron tubule portion. Nephron tubule portions can be used more than once.
-empties into a collecting duct

Accepted Answer

The distal convoluted tubule is the portion of the nephron that empties into a collecting duct.

Question 4

Match each description to a nephron tubule portion. Nephron tubule portions can be used more than once.
-site of over half of the water reabsorption from the filtrate

Accepted Answer

The proximal convoluted tubule is responsible for over half of the water reabsorption from the filtrate, along with significant amounts of solutes, making it a key site for reabsorption in the nephron.

Question 5

What is the human temperature set point, typically?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the human temperature set point,...

Question 6

In humans, what is brown adipose tissue used for?

Accepted Answer

Brown adipose tissue is used for nonshivering thermogenesis, which is the process of heat production in organisms without the need for shivering. This type of tissue helps in maintaining body temperature in cold environments.

Question 7

Match each description to a nephron tubule portion. Nephron tubule portions can be used more than once.
-may start in the medulla and end in the cortex

Accepted Answer

The ascending segment of the loop of Henle may start in the medulla and end in the cortex, as it moves from the deeper part of the kidney back towards the outer cortex.

Question 8

Match each description to a nephron tubule portion. Nephron tubule portions can be used more than once.
-site where water and small substances are first passed into the nephron

Accepted Answer

Bowman's capsule is the structure in the nephron where blood filtration occurs, allowing water and small substances to pass into the nephron for further processing. This is the initial step in the formation of urine.

Question 9

Which term refers to an extended period of torpor that an animal enters during the winter when the environment is too cold and food is too scarce?

Accepted Answer

Hibernation is the term used to describe the state of inactivity and metabolic depression that animals enter during the winter months when temperatures are low and food is scarce.

Question 10

Match each description to a nephron tubule portion. Nephron tubule portions can be used more than once.
-may start in the cortex and end in the medulla

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match each description to a nephron tubule...

Question 11

Match each description to a nephron tubule portion. Nephron tubule portions can be used more than once.
-tubule segment that usually has the largest increase in osmolarity

Accepted Answer

The descending segment of the loop of Henle is where water is reabsorbed into the surrounding tissues, leading to an increase in the osmolarity of the filtrate as it moves down this segment. This is because this segment is permeable to water but not to solutes, causing the filtrate to become more concentrated as it loses water.

Question 12

Which term refers to the state in which the body temperature increases a few degrees above normal for a prolonged period?

Accepted Answer

Hyperthermia is the condition where the body's temperature is elevated beyond normal due to failed thermoregulation. This can happen when the body produces or absorbs more heat than it can dissipate.

Question 13

Match each description to a nephron tubule portion. Nephron tubule portions can be used more than once.
-surrounds the glomerulus

Accepted Answer

Bowman's capsule is the structure that surrounds the glomerulus, forming the beginning part of the nephron where blood filtration into the nephron starts.

Question 14

Match each description to a nephron tubule portion. Nephron tubule portions can be used more than once. -Na⁺ and Cl^- actively transported out here, but water and urea are not moved across the membrane

Accepted Answer

The ascending segment of the loop of Henle is where sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl-) ions are actively transported out of the tubule, but water and urea are not actively transported, making it relatively impermeable to these substances.

Question 15

Match each description to a nephron tubule portion. Nephron tubule portions can be used more than once.
-site of reabsorption of nearly all glucose

Accepted Answer

The proximal convoluted tubule is the site where nearly all glucose is reabsorbed from the filtrate back into the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by transport proteins that actively move glucose molecules out of the tubule.

Quiz 42: Regulation of the Internal Environment: Water, Solutes, and Temperature

Match each description to a nephron tubule portion. Nephron tubule portions can be used more than once. -tubule segment that usually has the largest decrease in osmolarity

Which term refers to an extended period of torpor that an animal enters during the summer when the environment is too hot and water is too scarce?

Match each description to a nephron tubule portion. Nephron tubule portions can be used more than once. -empties into a collecting duct

Match each description to a nephron tubule portion. Nephron tubule portions can be used more than once. -site of over half of the water reabsorption from the filtrate

What is the human temperature set point, typically?

In humans, what is brown adipose tissue used for?

Match each description to a nephron tubule portion. Nephron tubule portions can be used more than once. -may start in the medulla and end in the cortex

Match each description to a nephron tubule portion. Nephron tubule portions can be used more than once. -site where water and small substances are first passed into the nephron

Which term refers to an extended period of torpor that an animal enters during the winter when the environment is too cold and food is too scarce?

Match each description to a nephron tubule portion. Nephron tubule portions can be used more than once. -may start in the cortex and end in the medulla

Match each description to a nephron tubule portion. Nephron tubule portions can be used more than once. -tubule segment that usually has the largest increase in osmolarity

Which term refers to the state in which the body temperature increases a few degrees above normal for a prolonged period?

Match each description to a nephron tubule portion. Nephron tubule portions can be used more than once. -surrounds the glomerulus

Match each description to a nephron tubule portion. Nephron tubule portions can be used more than once. -Na+ and Cl- actively transported out here, but water and urea are not moved across the membrane

Match each description to a nephron tubule portion. Nephron tubule portions can be used more than once. -site of reabsorption of nearly all glucose

Match each description to a nephron tubule portion. Nephron tubule portions can be used more than once. -Na⁺ and Cl^- actively transported out here, but water and urea are not moved across the membrane