Question 1

The __________ principle, as defined by Henri Fayol, states that one person should be in charge of all activities having the same performance objective.

Accepted Answer

The unity of direction principle by Henri Fayol states that all activities with the same objective should be directed by one manager using one plan.

Question 2

The practical lessons of scientific management include all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Scientific management, as proposed by Frederick Taylor, emphasizes efficiency and productivity through the management's control over work practices and does not typically involve allowing workers to have input into the determination of work methods and performance standards.

Question 3

__________ analyses the motions and tasks that are required in any job and develops the most efficient ways to perform them.

Accepted Answer

D

Question 4

A follower of Frederick Taylor would be least likely to try to:

Accepted Answer

Frederick Taylor, known for his principles of scientific management, focused on individual worker efficiency rather than group work. His approach emphasized training, support from supervisors, results-based compensation, and selecting the right workers for the job, rather than encouraging group work or teamwork as a primary motivator.

Question 5

Max Weber was concerned that people in nineteenth century organisations were in positions of authority because of __________ rather than because of __________.

Accepted Answer

Max Weber was concerned that in nineteenth-century organizations, people were often in positions of authority due to their social standing rather than their job-related capabilities. He advocated for a more merit-based system where individuals' positions were determined by their abilities and qualifications related to the job, rather than their social or economic status.

Question 6

According to Henri Fayol, the five rules of management are:

Accepted Answer

Henri Fayol, a French engineer and a key figure in the development of modern management theory, proposed that there are five primary functions or elements of management, which are: planning (foresight), organizing (organisation), commanding (command), coordinating (coordination), and controlling (control). These functions are intended to describe the broad tasks that managers must perform in the course of their work.

Question 7

Mary Parker Follett believed that business problems involve a wide variety of factors that must be considered in relationship to one another. This belief foreshadowed the contemporary management concern with:

Accepted Answer

Mary Parker Follett's belief in considering a wide variety of factors in relation to one another in business problems foreshadowed the contemporary management concern with systems. This approach emphasizes the interconnectedness and interdependence of all parts of an organization, aligning closely with systems thinking in management.

Question 8

The assumption that people are rational and primarily interested in economic incentives from their work is the underlying assumption of which approach to management thought?

Accepted Answer

The classical approach to management thought assumes that people are rational and primarily motivated by economic incentives. This perspective emphasizes efficiency, productivity, and the optimization of work processes, often with a focus on the individual worker's output and the assumption that financial rewards are the primary motivator for employees.

Question 9

_________ is a rational and efficient form of organisation founded on logic, order and legitimate authority.

Accepted Answer

Bureaucracy is characterized by its rational and efficient structure, which is based on logic, order, and legitimate authority, as defined by Max Weber.

Question 10

__________ refer(s) to a job science that includes careful selection and training of workers along with proper supervisory support.

Accepted Answer

Scientific management, developed by Frederick W. Taylor, focuses on improving economic efficiency, especially labor productivity, through scientific methods. This includes the careful selection and training of workers and providing them with proper supervisory support to ensure that every job is done in the most efficient way possible.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of bureaucratic organisations?

Accepted Answer

Bureaucratic organisations promote members based on merit and qualifications rather than social status, which is a characteristic of meritocratic systems, not bureaucratic ones.

Question 12

The classical management theorist, Mary Parker Follett, believed that:

Accepted Answer

Mary Parker Follett believed in the power of collective action and the importance of cooperation and integration within organizations. She saw organizations as communities where managers and workers should work together harmoniously (A), emphasized the role of managers in facilitating cooperation and integrating interests (B), and recognized the value of groups in bringing together diverse talents for greater achievements (C).

Question 13

Which of the following descriptions of the major schools of management thought is NOT accurate?

Accepted Answer

Socioeconomic management approaches actually emphasize the social and ethical responsibilities of management in the context of society and the environment, rather than specifically focusing on global awareness and leadership in developing economies.

Question 14

The work of Frank and Lillian Gilbreth on motion studies provided the basis for later advances in which of the following management areas?

Accepted Answer

The work of Frank and Lillian Gilbreth in motion studies laid foundational principles for incentive wage plans, work standards, and job simplification by analyzing the most efficient ways to perform tasks, thereby influencing all these areas of management.

Question 15

The __________ principle, as defined by Henri Fayol, states that each person should receive orders from only one boss.

Accepted Answer

The unity of command principle by Henri Fayol emphasizes that an employee should receive orders from only one superior to avoid confusion and conflict.

Question 16

Efficiency in the utilisation of resources and fairness in the treatment of employees and clients are potential advantages of:

Accepted Answer

Bureaucracy is designed to ensure efficiency and fairness through standardized procedures and rules, which aim to optimize resource use and ensure equitable treatment.

Question 17

__________ to management focus on the systems view of organisations and contingency thinking in a dynamic and complex environment.

Accepted Answer

Modern approaches to management incorporate a systems view of organizations and contingency thinking, recognizing the complexity and dynamism of business environments. This perspective emphasizes the interdependence of various parts within an organization and the need for flexibility in management practices.

Question 18

Oxford Industries Inc. installed a new computer system to clock every worker's pace to a thousandth of a second and to determine each worker's pay and bonus scale on the basis of his or her performance against the standard. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

This is an example of scientific management, a theory developed by Frederick W. Taylor, which focuses on improving economic efficiency and labor productivity through systematic measurement of work and performance analysis.

Question 19

TNT Express Delivery Service makes use of calibrated productivity standards as well as the timing of package sorting, delivery, and pickup to keep productivity at the highest level per employee. In developing worker productivity standards, TNT obviously makes use of:

Accepted Answer

Motion studies are used to analyze the tasks involved in completing a job, including the time it takes to perform each task, with the goal of finding the most efficient way to complete the job. TNT Express Delivery Service's focus on the timing of package sorting, delivery, and pickup to maintain high productivity levels per employee aligns with the principles of motion studies, which aim to optimize work processes and efficiency.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT one of the four principles of scientific management developed by Frederick Taylor?

Accepted Answer

Frederick Taylor's principles of scientific management focus on individual worker efficiency rather than group tasks or teamwork. His approach emphasized selecting workers based on their abilities, training them, providing incentives, developing a science for each job, and managerial support, but not organizing tasks into groups specifically for teamwork.

Quiz 2: Historical Foundations of Management