Question 1

Which of the following is a crucial role of fats in the body that cannot be performed by carbohydrates or proteins?

Accepted Answer

Fats play a unique role in cushioning and protecting the body's organs, a function not directly provided by carbohydrates or proteins.

Question 2

Orlistat is a drug that inhibits the enzyme lipase. Explain how this could potentially reduce body weight.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Orlistat is a drug that inhibits the...

Question 3

Fat replacers are associated with which of the following health issues?

Accepted Answer

Fat replacers, especially those that are not absorbed or digested by the body, can lead to gastrointestinal distress, such as gas, bloating, and diarrhea, as they pass through the digestive system.

Question 4

A reporter would like to interview you about dietary fat intakes among Canadians. Outline a few key points that you would like to share with the Canadian population with respect to dietary fat recommendations.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A reporter would like to interview you...

Question 5

Which of the following cannot be added to foods in Canada?

Accepted Answer

Olestra is not approved for use in foods in Canada due to concerns about its potential side effects and impact on nutrient absorption.

Question 6

________ is an example of a fat replacer.

Accepted Answer

Olestra is a fat replacer designed to provide the taste and texture of fat without the calories or cholesterol.

Question 7

A website for a new high protein diet advertises that it is important to replace dietary fat from plant and animal sources with foods high in protein such as beef, chicken, and pork to reduce your risk for prostate and breast cancer. Would you make these dietary changes to reduce your risk of cancer? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A website for a new high protein...

Question 8

Stephan is packing his food for a mountaineering trip. He would like to carry foods that provide the maximum amount of kilocalories relative to their weight and volume. He decides to focus on foods that provide a significant amount of kilocalories from fat. Is this strategy advisable? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Stephan is packing his food for a...

Question 9

Compare and contrast the triglycerides, phospholipids and sterols with respect to their primary function in the body.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast the triglycerides, phospholipids and...

Question 10

Compare and contrast the sources of energy for a track cyclist competing in an event that lasts two minutes versus a road rider competing in a three-hour endurance race.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast the sources of energy...

Question 11

Mathew has recently been to the doctor and had his blood lipid levels tested. The doctor tells him that his total cholesterol is 6.5 mmol/L and his HDL-cholesterol levels are 0.8 mmol/L. What would you say to Mathew about his cholesterol levels?

Accepted Answer

Total cholesterol should ideally be below 5.2 mmol/L, and HDL (good cholesterol) should be higher, as it helps remove other forms of cholesterol from the bloodstream. Matthew's total cholesterol is high, and his HDL is low, indicating a need for lifestyle or dietary changes.

Question 12

Diets high in ________ have been shown to increase blood levels of high-density lipoproteins (HDL).

Accepted Answer

Omega-3 fatty acids are known to increase blood levels of high-density lipoproteins (HDL), which are often referred to as "good" cholesterol due to their role in reducing the risk of heart disease.

Question 13

Which of the following is considered to be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

Inflammation is recognized as a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Chronic inflammation can lead to the development and progression of atherosclerosis, a condition characterized by the buildup of plaque in the arteries, which can eventually result in heart attacks and strokes.

Question 14

During exercise, epinephrine activates the enzyme ________ in the adipose tissue, thus facilitating the breakdown of stored fat.

Accepted Answer

Hormone-sensitive lipase is activated by epinephrine during exercise, leading to the breakdown of stored fat in adipose tissue.

Question 15

Given what you know about the molecular structure of omega-3 fatty acids, explain why you would expect to find that cold water fish are an excellent source of omega-3s.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Given what you know about the molecular...

Question 16

Raj has high total cholesterol levels and asks you to advise him on some dietary changes he can make to improve his blood lipids. What types of foods would you recommend and why?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Raj has high total cholesterol levels and...

Question 17

Amelia explains to you that she is going to start a very-low-fat diet where only 10% of her total kilocalories will come from fat. She explains that she will lose weight more quickly on this diet because fat is more energy dense than protein or carbohydrates. What advice would you give Amelia about her very-low-fat diet?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Amelia explains to you that she is...

Question 18

Ji Yeoun calculates that fats are providing 25% of her total energy intake. She should:

Accepted Answer

The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for fats is 20-35% of total energy intake. Since Ji Yeoun's fat intake is at 25%, she is within this range, indicating her current fat intake is appropriate.

Question 19

Jenny tells you that she has recently decided to switch to a vegan diet that does not contain any animal products. She knows that cholesterol is involved in the production of hormones and is concerned that a vegan diet will negatively impact her estrogen levels. Do you agree? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Jenny tells you that she has recently...

Question 20

The production of endogenous very low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs)is decreased by:

Accepted Answer

Exercise decreases the production of endogenous very low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs) by increasing the utilization of triglycerides for energy, thereby reducing the need for their transport in the bloodstream.

Quiz 5: Lipids: Essential Energy-Supplying Nutrients