Question 1

Deterrence is highly ineffective in preventing crimes with immediate payoffs when it comes to the ______ offenders.

Accepted Answer

Young male offenders are often less deterred by the consequences of their actions due to impulsivity and a higher propensity for risk-taking, making deterrence less effective for crimes with immediate payoffs.

Question 2

Rational choice theory emphasizes not only the formal and official aspects of criminal sanctions, but also the informal or unofficial aspects, such as family and community.

Accepted Answer

Rational choice theory in criminology suggests that individuals weigh the costs and benefits of committing a crime, considering not only formal legal penalties but also informal social consequences, such as the impact on relationships with family and community.

Question 3

The classical school of criminology experienced a rebirth on the 1980s.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The classical school of criminology experienced a...

Question 4

Who wrote Seductions of Crime in 1988?

Accepted Answer

Jack Katz is the author of "Seductions of Crime," which was published in 1988. The book explores the sensual and moral attractions of crime.

Question 5

______ studies showed that much of the observed association between perceived levels of punishment and offending could be explained by the experiential effect.

Accepted Answer

Longitudinal studies, by following the same subjects over a period of time, can reveal how changes in perceived punishment levels affect offending behavior, accounting for the experiential effect.

Question 6

Rational people will commit crime when the costs outweigh the benefits.

Accepted Answer

Rational people will commit crime when the benefits outweigh the costs, not the other way around. Rational choice theory suggests that individuals weigh the potential benefits and costs of criminal activity and will engage in such activity when the benefits are perceived to be greater than the costs.

Question 7

Lifestyle theory overlaps with what other theory?

Accepted Answer

Lifestyle theory overlaps with routine activities theory as both focus on how everyday activities and lifestyle choices can influence the likelihood of becoming a victim of crime.

Question 8

______ assumes that offenders will make a rational choice to not offend again because they could go to prison for life upon their third felony.

Accepted Answer

The "Three-Strikes-You're-Out" policy is designed to deter repeat offenders by imposing a life sentence on individuals convicted of a third felony, under the assumption that the threat of severe punishment will make them reconsider committing further crimes.

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of an informal sanction?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is an example...

Question 10

Most offenders do not leave their home knowing they are going to commit a crime.

Accepted Answer

Many crimes are opportunistic, meaning the decision to commit the crime is made on the spot rather than being premeditated. This suggests that most offenders do not leave their home with the prior intention of committing a crime.

Question 11

______ emphasized the benefits of committing a crime, especially the physiological pleasure.

Accepted Answer

"Seductions of Crime" by Jack Katz focuses on the emotional and sensual attractions of crime, including the physiological pleasure and excitement that individuals might derive from engaging in criminal activities.

Question 12

Which of the following is TRUE of the Green River Killer case study?

Accepted Answer

Gary Ridgway, known as the Green River Killer, was notorious for leaving misleading clues at his crime scenes, including placing objects like a fish to confuse investigators. This was part of his method to divert attention and complicate the investigation.

Question 13

Which of the following is one of the top 10 places from which police were called to, according to a study of 911 calls in Minneapolis, Minnesota?

Accepted Answer

Bars are often associated with higher instances of disturbances, fights, and other issues that may lead to an increased number of 911 calls, making them one of the top places from which police are called.

Question 14

Longitudinal studies and ______ studies can address an experiential effect.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Longitudinal studies and ______ studies can address...

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of how informal sanctions might affect an individual?

Accepted Answer

Informal sanctions involve social norms and peer pressure rather than legal penalties. In choice C, the fear of getting shamed by friends is an example of how informal sanctions (social disapproval) can influence behavior.

Question 16

Which of the following in an example of a capable guardian relative to routine activities theory?

Accepted Answer

Routine activities theory suggests that a capable guardian can deter crime. Walking with a dog can act as a deterrent to potential offenders, making it an example of a capable guardian.

Question 17

The general model of routine activities theory was presented by Lawrence Cohen and Robert K.Merton.

Accepted Answer

The general model of routine activities theory was presented by Lawrence Cohen and Marcus Felson.

Question 18

Which of the following is a main component of rational choice theory?

Accepted Answer

Rational choice theory posits that individuals weigh the potential benefits and costs of an action before deciding to engage in it, including offending. This theory suggests that people are rational actors who consider the consequences of their actions.

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of a strikable felony within the three-strikes law?

Accepted Answer

Rape is considered a serious felony and falls under the category of crimes that can trigger the three-strikes law, which aims to significantly increase the prison sentences of persons convicted of a felony who have been previously convicted of two or more violent crimes or serious felonies.

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of a hydraulic offender?

Accepted Answer

A hydraulic offender is someone who has been planning to commit a crime, indicating premeditation and intent.

Quiz 3: Modern Applications of the Classical Perspective: Deterrence, Rational Choice, and Routine Activities or Lifestyle Theories of Crime