Question 1

Clinicians must often overcome the language barrier if one exists.An interpreter with a background in should be used if necessary.

Accepted Answer

An interpreter with a background in mental health should be used if necessary to overcome language barriers in clinical settings. Forensics, psychopathology, and computerized dictation are not relevant to interpreting in clinical situations.

Question 2

Symptoms of depression differ among people of various

Accepted Answer

Symptoms of depression can vary based on cultural differences and values. For example, in some cultures, physical symptoms such as headaches or digestive problems may be more prevalent than the typical symptoms of sadness and loss of interest in activities that are commonly associated with depression. Therefore, it is important to consider cultural differences when diagnosing and treating depression.

Question 3

Unique behaviors and lifestyles that distinguish groups of people are known as

Accepted Answer

Culture refers to the unique behaviors, beliefs, and lifestyles of a group of people, including their language, customs, and traditions. Assessment and diagnosis are related to evaluating and identifying individual health or psychological issues, while variance refers to the degree of variability within a group or population.

Question 4

A researcher designed an experiment to determine if consumption of caffeine results in increased level of motor activity.The study was done at 7 AM each day.A confounding variable could be

Accepted Answer

The time of day is a confounding variable because the study was conducted at the same time each day, and the participants' natural circadian rhythms could affect their level of motor activity, making it difficult to isolate the effect of caffeine on motor activity.

Question 5

A mental health professional must distinguish between behavior collectively shared by a culture and a client's

Accepted Answer

A mental health professional must distinguish between behavior collectively shared by a culture and a client's responses or behaviors, as cultural considerations may impact a client's presentation of symptoms and treatment preferences. Demographics and diagnosis are important factors, but not directly related to this distinction.

Question 6

One concern regarding the use of a translator during therapy is

Accepted Answer

Using a translator during therapy can lead to misinterpretation or mistranslation of information, which can have negative consequences for the therapeutic process. This can be especially problematic if the translator is not fully familiar with therapeutic terminology and concepts. It is important to work with a qualified and experienced translator who is able to accurately convey the meaning of what is being said in both languages to ensure that therapy is effective and helpful. While payment and confidentiality are also important considerations, they are not the primary concern when it comes to using a translator in therapy.

Question 7

A researcher designed an experiment to determine if consumption of caffeine results in increased level of motor activity.In this study, the independent variable is the

Accepted Answer

The independent variable is the variable that is manipulated by the researcher in order to observe its effects on the dependent variable. In this case, the independent variable is the consumption of caffeine, and the researcher is observing its effect on motor activity. Therefore, the correct choice is A, caffeine. The other choices are not relevant to the independent variable in this study.

Question 8

Anorexia nervosa is more prevalent in societies such as ours that

Accepted Answer

Anorexia nervosa is characterized by an irrational fear of weight gain and a distorted body image, leading to severe restriction of food intake and often excessive exercise. It is more prevalent in societies that place a high value on thinness, such as our own, where there is a pervasive cultural message that equates thinness with attractiveness and success. Therefore, option A is the best choice.

Question 9

Objective personality measures such as the MMPI-2 are

Accepted Answer

Objective personality measures such as the MMPI-2 are economical, relatively simple to administer and score, and reliable. Therefore, all of these are aspects of objective personality measures.

Question 10

The group of individuals that do not receive an active independent variable such as medication at two different levels is known as the group.

Accepted Answer

The group of individuals that do not receive an active independent variable at two different levels is known as the control group. They are used as a comparison group to evaluate the effectiveness of the independent variable. Therefore, the best choice is B) control. A) experimental is incorrect because the experimental group is the group that receives the active independent variable. C) analyzed is incorrect because it does not refer to a specific group, and D) randomized is incorrect because it refers to the random assignment of individuals to different groups, rather than a specific group itself.

Question 11

Certain cultures may disapprove of certain reactions to stressful events, such as

Accepted Answer

The answer of Certain cultures may disapprove of certain reactions...

Question 12

Culture provides a unique set of considerations when assessing mental disorders because it may

Accepted Answer

Culture can impact the way individuals experience and express symptoms, as well as the level of stigma and support they receive, which can impact the course of the disorder. Culture can also influence the types of stressors an individual may face and their reactions to those stressors, which can be a contributing factor to the development of a disorder. Additionally, culture may promote or discourage certain behaviors or beliefs that can impact the presentation or maintenance of a disorder.

Question 13

Jed hypothesizes that better home life will result in higher mental health in children.He decides on what homes constitute "good" home life in his own way, but he cannot explain how he comes to these conclusions.Jed's hypothesis is

Accepted Answer

Jed's hypothesis is neither testable nor refutable because he has not provided clear and measurable criteria for what constitutes a "good" home life. Without such criteria, his hypothesis cannot be properly tested or refuted. Furthermore, his failure to explain how he arrived at his definition of a "good" home life makes his hypothesis not only untestable and unrefutable, but also unreliable.

Question 14

A researcher designed an experiment to determine if consumption of caffeine results in increased level of motor activity.In this study, the dependent variable is the

Accepted Answer

The dependent variable is the variable being measured or observed in an experiment, therefore, in this study, the increased level of motor activity is the dependent variable. The independent variable is the variable being manipulated, which in this case is the consumption of caffeine. Caffeine is not the dependent variable, nor is experimental design or experimenter bias.

Question 15

The most powerful scientific method is the

Accepted Answer

The experiment is considered the most powerful scientific method because it allows for the manipulation of variables and the establishment of cause-and-effect relationships. It involves the manipulation of one or more independent variables and the measurement of their effects on one or more dependent variables, while controlling for extraneous variables that may influence the results. This allows for greater control, precision, and accuracy in testing hypotheses and theories. Case studies, surveys, and naturalistic observations may provide valuable information, but they do not offer the same level of control and rigor as an experiment.

Question 16

Lucille is testing a new treatment for anxiety disorders.She has recruited participants, and assigns the first 50 recruits to the treatment condition and the second 50 to the placebo condition.Using this procedure to assign participants to conditions suggests Lucille does not understand the importance of in experimental research.

Accepted Answer

Assigning participants to conditions without randomization can lead to bias and undermine the internal validity of the study. Randomization helps ensure that any potential sources of bias are evenly distributed across conditions, improving the validity of the results.

Question 17

Important considerations of culture during clinical assessment include

Accepted Answer

Language barriers, cultural knowledge and sensitivity, and cultural variations are crucial in clinical assessments to ensure accurate understanding and effective communication between the clinician and the patient.

Question 18

A statement about the cause of an event or about the relationship between two events is known as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A statement about the cause of an event or about the relationship between two events is known as a hypothesis. A hypothesis is an educated guess or prediction about the outcome of an experiment or observation. Choices B, C, and D are not applicable to this definition.

Question 19

Danice runs a mental health clinic in Arizona.A large proportion of the clientele at the clinic are immigrants from Mexico.Danice has several staff members who are fluent in both English and Spanish to ensure accurate communication between clients and their healthcare providers.The standard intake interview always inquires about cultural background, and the staff are all very sensitive to cultural differences.What aspect of clinical assessment proposed by Tseng (2001) has Danice not addressed in these practices?

Accepted Answer

The staff may not be knowledgeable about cultural variations in psychological problems. While the clinic does address language barriers and obtain information about cultural backgrounds, there is no information provided about the staff's knowledge of cultural variations in psychological problems.

Question 20

Variables that measure a specific outcome a researcher is trying to explain or predict are known as

Accepted Answer

Variables that measure a specific outcome a researcher is trying to explain or predict are known as dependent variables. Independent variables are the variables that are manipulated by the researcher and are the potential cause of changes in the dependent variable. Random variables refer to a variable whose value is determined by chance, while experimental variables refer to variables that are manipulated by the researcher in an experiment.

Quiz 4: Diagnosis, Assessment, and Study of Mental Disorders