Question 1

Jabu goes to a party with his friends and has six beers in a row. Jabu's behaviour would be best classified as

Accepted Answer

Jabu's behavior can be classified as binge drinking, which is defined as consuming a large amount of alcohol in a short period of time. Six beers in a row is certainly a significant amount of alcohol to consume at once. However, it is important to note that this does not necessarily mean Jabu has alcoholism, which is a more serious and chronic condition involving a strong dependency on alcohol.

Question 2

Rhulani has just been told by his physician that he should cut back on the amount of fat in his diet. His physician is most likely concerned about the high amount of ____ in Rhulani's blood.

Accepted Answer

Low-density lipoproteins, also known as LDL cholesterol, can lead to the buildup of plaque in the arteries and increase the risk of heart disease. Cutting back on the amount of fat in the diet can help lower LDL cholesterol levels.

Question 3

All four of these people successfully stopped smoking. Which person's method was most typical of successful quitters?

Accepted Answer

Studies show that the majority of successful quitters quit on their own without any external help or interventions. Therefore, Stella's method is most typical of successful quitters.

Question 4

Which statement by 25-year-old Fikile, who is typical for a person of her age, is most likely false?

Accepted Answer

Coordination typically improves with age and experience, so it is unlikely for Fikile to be less coordinated than she used to be at age 25.

Question 5

Which of these people could be classified as being a binge drinker?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of these people could be classified...

Question 6

At a chemical level, alcohol addiction results in chemical changes that

Accepted Answer

Alcohol addiction leads to chemical changes that cause the body to crave alcohol by activating the reward centers in the brain and increasing the release of dopamine, a neurotransmitter associated with pleasure and reward. This can cause a person to continue seeking out alcohol, even in the face of negative consequences. While alcohol may also have effects on other neurotransmitters and brain structures, reducing serotonin and dopamine levels is not a direct result of addiction. Destroying all GABA receptors or increasing cellular development in the medulla oblongata are also not accurate effects of alcohol addiction.

Question 7

People who stop smoking after smoking for a long time

Accepted Answer

People who stop smoking after smoking for a long time show significant improvements in their health. Within 20 minutes to 2 years after quitting, the risk of heart disease, stroke, and lung cancer decreases, and after 10 years, the risk of lung cancer becomes similar to that of a non-smoker. Additionally, overall health improves as the body begins to repair the damage caused by smoking.

Question 8

In the United States, about ____ per cent of young adults ages 25 to 44 consume alcohol occasionally.

Accepted Answer

According to data from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and other health surveys, about 65% of adults in the United States report consuming alcohol at least occasionally. This percentage reflects general trends in alcohol consumption among adults in the specified age range.

Question 9

The most likely sensory change between ages 25 and 50 would involve

Accepted Answer

The ability to hear high-pitched sounds diminishes with age.

Question 10

Which of these is not among the three main treatment options for alcohol abuse?

Accepted Answer

Incarceration is not considered one of the three main treatment options for alcohol abuse. The main treatment options are mutual-support groups, behavioral treatments, and medications. Incarceration may be a consequence of alcohol abuse, but it is not a treatment option.

Question 11

Who is most likely to be a binge drinker?

Accepted Answer

Being a member of a social club at university indicates a higher likelihood of participating in social events and parties where binge drinking may occur. The other factors provided do not have a strong correlation with binge drinking.

Question 12

Smoking represents a major medical problem in the United States, with about ____ people each year dying from smoking-related disorders.

Accepted Answer

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), approximately 480,000 people die each year in the United States from smoking-related diseases, making it the leading cause of preventable death.

Question 13

Sixty-year-old Kgosi says, 'When I was a teenager, I could eat five big meals a day and still feel hungry. Now a couple of snacks can get me through the day.' What best accounts for this age-related change?

Accepted Answer

As we age, our metabolism tends to slow down, which means we burn fewer calories at rest. This is one reason why older adults often find that they can't eat as much as they used to without gaining weight. So, the lower metabolic rate is the best account for Kgosi's age-related change.

Question 14

Which approach to diminishing binge drinking on university campuses is not considered among the most effective strategies?

Accepted Answer

Efforts based on limiting access to alcohol have not been found to be the most effective strategy to diminish binge drinking on university campuses. This is because students can find ways to access alcohol off campus or even engage in pre-gaming before attending a campus event. It is important to address the underlying reasons and norms surrounding excessive drinking on campus rather than simply limiting access to alcohol. The other options (A, B, and C) have been found to be effective strategies.

Question 15

Based on statistics, which of these 30-year-old adults is most likely to die within a year?

Accepted Answer

Smoking significantly increases the risk of mortality, especially when combined with a condition like diabetes, making Bonolo the most likely to die within a year.

Question 16

Boitumelo is very interested in studying how the energy needs of the human body change through the life span. In other words, Boitumelo is interested in studying

Accepted Answer

Boitumelo's interest in studying how the energy needs of the human body change through the life span suggests a focus on metabolism, the process by which the body converts food into energy. Cholesterol and lipoproteins are specific components of the body's metabolism, but are more narrow subjects of study in comparison to the comprehensive study of metabolism across the life span. Addiction, although possibly related to metabolism, would likely not be the primary focus of a study on energy needs throughout the life span.

Question 17

Karabo drinks exactly two glasses of wine per day. As a result, Karabo can expect to

Accepted Answer

Consuming one to two glasses of wine per day has been shown to have health-related benefits, such as reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease and some forms of cancer. Karabo is drinking the recommended amount and should not be labeled as a binge drinker or at risk for alcoholism.

Question 18

Young adult men aged 25 to 34 are

Accepted Answer

Young adult men aged 25 to 34 are statistically 2.5 times as likely to die as women of the same age, due to a variety of factors including higher rates of risky behaviors, accidents, and violence.

Question 19

Ayanda is physically dependent on alcohol and experiences withdrawal symptoms when she doesn't drink. Ayanda's experience with alcohol would be best described as

Accepted Answer

Ayanda's physical dependence on alcohol and experience of withdrawal symptoms are indicative of alcohol use disorder, a condition characterized by problematic alcohol use that can have severe negative consequences on an individual's physical, mental, and social well-being.

Question 20

Which statement concerning secondhand smoke is true?

Accepted Answer

Secondhand smoke exposure has been linked to numerous health problems, including lung cancer, heart disease, stroke, and respiratory illnesses. In fact, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that secondhand smoke exposure causes over 1 million premature deaths worldwide annually. Therefore, statement B is the only true statement among the given options.

Quiz 10: Becoming an Adult: Physical, Cognitive, and Personality Development in Young Adulthood