Question 1

Which type of therapy will MOST likely be used more frequently in the future due to economic pressures in mental health care?

Accepted Answer

Group therapy is more cost-effective than individual therapy because multiple clients can receive treatment at the same time, reducing the need for individual sessions with a therapist. As mental health care continues to face economic pressures, it is likely that group therapy will be used more frequently.

Question 2

Mary has a psychological disorder, and her doctor has prescribed a drug from the benzodiazepine family to reduce the severity of Mary's symptoms.In this case, Mary's therapist is MOST likely treating her for

Accepted Answer

Benzodiazepines are most commonly used to treat anxiety disorders, so it is likely that Mary's therapist is treating her for this condition. While benzodiazepines may also be used to treat other psychological disorders such as bipolar disorder, they are not typically the first-line treatment for these conditions.

Question 3

Therapists who tend to see symptoms as the problem rather than as signs of more internal, underlying problems are

Accepted Answer

Behaviour therapists tend to focus on observable behaviours and view symptoms as the problem rather than as signs of underlying psychological issues. They aim to change these behaviours through various techniques such as conditioning and reinforcement.

Question 4

Dr Sydney believes that most psychological disorders can be successfully treated if clients' vague complaints are translated into concrete behavioural goals.Knowing this, you might expect that Dr Sydney's bookshelves contain a large number of books written by

Accepted Answer

Dr Sydney's belief that concrete behavioural goals are key to successful treatment suggests an approach based on behaviorism, which is associated with B.F. Skinner and Joseph Wolpe. Rogers and Maslow are associated with humanistic psychology, which focuses on personal growth and self-actualization rather than symptom relief. Freud and Jung are associated with psychoanalysis, which focuses on uncovering unconscious conflicts and unresolved childhood experiences. Beck and Ellis are associated with cognitive-behavioral therapy, which focuses on changing negative thought patterns and beliefs.

Question 5

Therapies that involve physiological intervention intended to reduce symptoms associated with psychological disorders are

Accepted Answer

Biomedical therapies involve physiological interventions, such as medication, electroconvulsive therapy, and psychosurgery, to reduce symptoms associated with psychological disorders. The other options (A, B, and D) do not typically involve physiological interventions.

Question 6

Electroconvulsive therapy and drug therapy for psychological disorders are two types of

Accepted Answer

The two types of therapy mentioned, electroconvulsive therapy and drug therapy, fall under the category of biomedical therapy, which focuses on altering the chemistry or function of the brain to treat psychological disorders. A is incorrect because behaviour therapy focuses on changing maladaptive behaviours through conditioning techniques. C is incorrect because cognitive therapy focuses on changing maladaptive thought patterns. D is incorrect because emotion therapy is not a recognized type of therapy; it may refer to a variety of approaches that focus on managing or addressing emotions, but it is not a distinct therapeutic modality.

Question 7

Which of the following statements about group therapy is LEAST accurate?

Accepted Answer

Group therapy is typically less expensive than individual therapy because the cost is distributed among multiple participants. Therefore, statement D is the least accurate.

Question 8

"What has been learned can be unlearned" is a central assumption of

Accepted Answer

"What has been learned can be unlearned" is a central assumption of behavior therapy, which aims to change maladaptive or unwanted behaviors through the use of learning principles such as conditioning and reinforcement. Other therapies, such as insight therapy and group therapy, focus more on understanding and gaining insight into thoughts and emotions rather than specifically changing behaviors. Biomedical therapy refers to the use of medication or other medical interventions to treat mental health conditions, and is not directly related to the concept of unlearning behaviors.

Question 9

Jim is 14 years old and has been participating in individual therapy.Although he has made progress, his therapist is concerned that Jim will relapse because of Jim's dysfunctional home environment.Jim's therapist is most likely to recommend

Accepted Answer

Family therapy focuses on addressing issues within the family system and can be beneficial for individuals who are experiencing problems related to their home environment. By involving the family in therapy, the therapist can help to improve communication, reduce conflict, and create a healthier home environment for Jim, all of which may reduce the risk of relapse. The other options are not as appropriate for addressing Jim's specific concerns.

Question 10

Which of the following assumptions is LEAST likely to be made by a behavioural therapist?

Accepted Answer

Behavioural therapists focus on observable behaviours and do not typically make assumptions about underlying problems or causes. They believe that behaviour is learned and can be unlearned through conditioning and other learning principles, which is reflected in assumptions A, B, and D.

Question 11

In couples' therapy, the primary focus of treatment is

Accepted Answer

Couples' therapy aims to improve the relationship between the partners. It involves identifying and addressing problems in the relationship, improving communication and understanding, and working towards a healthier and happier relationship.

Question 12

The principles of classical and operant conditioning and observational learning are used by

Accepted Answer

The principles of classical and operant conditioning and observational learning are used by behaviour therapists. They use these principles to understand how behaviours are learned and maintained, and to develop interventions to change maladaptive behaviours. Psychoanalysts, biomedical therapists, and client-centred therapists typically do not use these principles as a basis for their therapeutic approaches.

Question 13

Carl Rogers believed that psychological disorders are caused by

Accepted Answer

Rogers believed that psychological disorders are caused by an inconsistency between one's self-concept and reality. According to his theory, when a person's self-concept is incongruent with their present experiences or perceived reality, it can lead to psychological distress and maladaptive behaviors. Rogers believed that therapy should focus on helping individuals to develop a more congruent self-concept and aligning their experiences with their self-perception in order to achieve a greater sense of well-being.

Question 14

Valium is

Accepted Answer

Valium (diazepam) is a benzodiazepine drug that is primarily used as an antianxiety medication. It works by enhancing the effect of a neurotransmitter in the brain called gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which helps to reduce excessive activity and excitability in the nervous system. Valium is not an antidepressant, antipsychotic, or MAO inhibitor.

Question 15

The most important aspect of group therapy is that group members

Accepted Answer

The primary benefit of group therapy is that group members provide acceptance and emotional support to one another, creating a safe and supportive environment where individuals can share their experiences and feelings. Group therapy can help alleviate feelings of isolation and provide a sense of belonging, which can in turn lead to increased self-awareness and improved mental health outcomes. While challenging false belief structures can be a beneficial aspect of therapy, it is not the most important aspect of group therapy. Similarly, while increasing conformity and compliance may be goals in certain therapeutic contexts, they are not inherently positive outcomes of group therapy. Lastly, reducing transference and resistance may be valuable therapeutic objectives, but they are not the central focus of group therapy.

Question 16

Improved communication skills are MOST relevant to

Accepted Answer

Improved communication skills are critical in couples' and family therapy because effective communication is necessary for healthy relationships. Couples and families may experience conflicts, misunderstandings, and other communication problems that may benefit from improving their communication skills. A therapist can help by teaching techniques such as active listening, assertive communication, and conflict resolution.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT among the advantages of group therapy?

Accepted Answer

The statement "It produces a significantly higher recovery rate than individual therapy" is not entirely true. While there are some studies that suggest group therapy can be as effective or even more effective than individual therapy for certain issues, there is no conclusive evidence that it produces a significantly higher recovery rate overall.

Question 18

According to behaviour therapists, pathological behaviours

Accepted Answer

Behaviour therapists believe that pathological behaviours can be modified through the application of established principles of conditioning. They focus on observable behaviours and use techniques such as reinforcement and punishment to modify them. They do not typically view these behaviours as the expression of an unconscious sexual or aggressive conflict, nor do they necessarily see them as indicating an underlying emotional or cognitive problem, although these factors may be considered to some extent. Irrational thinking may also be addressed in therapy, but it is not the primary focus of behaviour therapy.

Question 19

Valium and Xanax are

Accepted Answer

Valium and Xanax are both benzodiazepines, which are a class of drugs commonly used to treat anxiety and panic disorders. They work by enhancing the effects of a neurotransmitter in the brain called gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which helps to decrease activity in the central nervous system and produce a calming effect. Neither drug is classified as an antidepressant, antipsychotic, or MAO inhibitor.

Question 20

Gilbert has a psychological disorder, and his doctor has prescribed an antipsychotic drug to reduce the severity of Gilbert's symptoms.In this case, Gilbert's therapist is most likely treating him for

Accepted Answer

Antipsychotic drugs are specifically prescribed to treat symptoms of schizophrenia, which is a psychological disorder characterized by symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations, disordered thinking, and abnormal behavior. Therefore, Gilbert's therapist is most likely treating him for schizophrenia.

Quiz 16: Treatment of Abnormal Behaviour