Question 1

List in their proper order the four stages of the sexual-response cycle. How does the last stage differ between men and women?

Accepted Answer

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Question 2

The sex structures that develop during puberty are categorized as __________.

Accepted Answer

Secondary sex characteristics are the physical features that develop during puberty, such as breast development in females and facial hair in males, which are not directly involved in reproduction.

Question 3

Which of the following is a secondary sex characteristic?

Accepted Answer

Enlarging breasts are a secondary sex characteristic that develops during puberty in females.

Question 4

Karl is often perceived as strong and tough, but he also has been known to be sincere and loving. Karla is warm and kind but is also independent and assertive. Bem would classify such behavior as examples of __________.

Accepted Answer

Bem's theory of androgyny suggests that individuals can possess both masculine traits (such as strength and toughness) and feminine traits (such as sincerity and love) regardless of their biological sex. This aligns with the descriptions of Karl and Karla given in the prompt.

Question 5

People who are intersex __________.

Accepted Answer

People who are intersex may have a mixture of male and female sexual characteristics, which can include varying degrees of genital ambiguity, presence of both ovarian and testicular tissue, and chromosomal variations. Intersex conditions are not extremely rare, occurring in approximately 1 in 2,000 births. Gender dysphoria is a separate issue from intersex, which refers to physical differences in sexual characteristics.

Question 6

What are gender roles? How are gender and sex different? Summarize two theoretical approaches to the development of gender roles in children.

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Question 7

Give an example of a sexually transmitted infection and its symptoms.

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Question 8

List and describe the symptoms of at least three different sexually transmitted infections (STIs), making sure that your answer includes at least one viral and at least one bacterial STI.

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Question 9

People whose sense of gender identity does not match what is expected for their biological sex are known as __________.

Accepted Answer

Transgender individuals are those whose gender identity does not match the sex they were assigned at birth. This can include identifying as male, female, non-binary, or other gender identities. Homosexual refers to sexual attraction to the same gender, while hermaphrodites or intersex individuals have physical characteristics of both male and female sex organs.

Question 10

Explain the differences among a person's gender, gender identity, gender roles, and gender typing. How do biology, environment, and culture play a factor in this development?

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Question 11

What are the four stages of the sexual-response cycle? Describe the physiological changes that occur in men and women in each stage.

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Question 12

How does the human body know which sex characteristics to develop beginning at the embryo stage? What is the term for someone born with both sex organs, and what are some problems with sexual reassignment surgery?

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Question 13

Give an example of social learning theory as it applies to gender development.

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Question 14

Alex sees her mother mixing ingredients for a cake. Later, Alex takes a bowl and spoon out of the cabinet and pretends to mix some imaginary ingredients. Of which theory of gender development would this be a good example?

Accepted Answer

This is a good example of social learning theory, which emphasizes that children learn gendered behaviors and attitudes through observation, imitation, and reinforcement from their environment. Alex is likely imitating her mother's behavior and attempting to learn and practice gendered cooking skills.

Question 15

Which theory of gender-role development places a heavy emphasis on the use of mental patterns?

Accepted Answer

Gender schema theory places a heavy emphasis on the use of mental patterns, which are cognitive structures that organize information according to gender. This theory suggests that children actively seek out gender-related information and use it to construct mental schemas or frameworks for understanding gender roles. These schemas then influence their behavior and attitudes towards gender.

Question 16

You are a counselor, and a couple comes to consult with you. They are worried that their high school age child is homosexual. They want to know how this might have happened. What might you tell them, based on psychological research, about the factors that determine sexual orientation?

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Question 17

Which of the following is NOT associated with the embryo developing into a male?

Accepted Answer

Müllerian ducts develop into female reproductive organs in the absence of testosterone and the presence of Müllerian-inhibiting factor (MIF). The Wolffian ducts and androgens/testosterone are associated with the development of male reproductive organs.

Question 18

What is androgyny? Is our society becoming more or less androgynous? What are the potential advantages and disadvantages of androgyny?

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Question 19

What is an example of a cognitive difference between men and women?

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Question 20

The process by which people learn their culture's preferences and expectations for the behaviors of females and males is called gender __________.

Accepted Answer

The process of learning cultural preferences and expectations for the behaviors of females and males is called gender typing. Gender identity refers to a person's internal sense of their gender, while gender roles are the social expectations and behaviors associated with different genders. Stereotyping involves making generalizations and assumptions about individuals based on their gender.

Quiz 10: Sexuality and Gender