Question 1

How did the expansion of scientific knowledge affect the Western worldview and the everyday lives of Europeans during the mid-nineteenth century? How does this expansion of scientific knowledge differ from that in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries?

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Question 2

What reasons does the author give to convince the reader that Continental industrialization came of age between 1850 and 1871? How did Continental industrialization differ from that of Britain?

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Question 3

How did Realism differ from Romanticism? How did Realism reflect the economic and social realities of Europe during the middle decades of the nineteenth century?

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Question 4

In your opinion, what force or forces played the most important role in reviving the progress of European social and political reform in the later nineteenth century?

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Question 5

What were the major ideas of Karl Marx? How were those ideas shaped by his understanding of both history and his own times?

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Question 6

What domestic reforms did leaders in the Austrian Empire, Russia, and Great Britain put into place between 1850 and 1870? Which was most successful at resolving its midcentury problems?

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Question 7

Compare and contrast slavery in the United States with the serfdom in Imperial Russia. How and why was the abolition of both accomplished, and what consequences followed for former slaves and former serfs?

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Question 8

What were the aims and accomplishments of Bismarck and Cavour? Which statesman faced the greatest challenges, and who was most successful in overcoming challenges? Be specific.

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Quiz 10: An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850-1871