Question 1

Enriqué, who is in ninth grade, has exhibited a high level of logical-mathematical ability but a low level of spatial ability. His parents want him to pursue a career in math or science but are concerned that he may choose a career that does not place such a heavy emphasis on spatial ability. Enriqué's parents approach you asking for advice on how his spatial ability could be improved. If you shared Howard Gardner's views about intelligence, which of the following statements would guide your response to Enriqué's parents?

Accepted Answer

Many factors, in addition to intelligence, influence an individual's interests and career choice.

Question 2

Learning styles are thought of as

Accepted Answer

Learning styles refer to a learner's consistent preference for engaging with material in a certain manner, indicating how they best process and understand information.

Question 3

Mrs. Robbins teaches third grade. Her students are studying fractions. She has planned for a variety of instructional and assessment activities. Her students will practice working problems involving the addition/subtraction and multiplication/division of fractions until they remember to use the appropriate methods for handling like and unlike denominators. They will also work exercises in which they will be required to identify equivalent and nonequivalent values. Additionally, students will work in groups using fractions to measure ingredients for a snack they will prepare. At the end of the unit, all students will take an exam on which they will solve equations and write an essay about the use of fractions outside of math class. Mrs. Robbins's methods are best described as an application of ____________ view of intelligence.

Accepted Answer

Mrs. Robbins's methods align with Robert Sternberg's Triarchic Theory of Intelligence, which emphasizes analytical, creative, and practical aspects of intelligence. Her activities incorporate analytical skills (solving equations, working with denominators), creative skills (using fractions in real-world cooking scenarios), and practical skills (applying fractions outside of math class).

Question 4

With which of the following statements would Howard Gardner most likely agree?

Accepted Answer

The answer of With which of the following statements would...

Question 5

Maria was administered an IQ test in fourth grade. She received an overall score of 135 on this test (which is more than two standard deviations above average). On the basis of this score, we can infer that Maria

Accepted Answer

Maria's high IQ score suggests she may perform well academically, as IQ tests measure cognitive abilities that are often correlated with academic success. However, success in careers, life crises, and the presence of learning disabilities are influenced by a wide range of factors beyond IQ.

Question 6

Which of the arguments below best supports the practice of using a variety of assessment methods on all tests?

Accepted Answer

Using a variety of assessment methods allows teachers to evaluate different aspects of student knowledge and skills, providing a more comprehensive understanding of what students have learned. Different types of questions can assess different cognitive levels and skills, from basic recall to higher-order thinking.

Question 7

Zamir enjoys working with model rockets. His most recent project involved an extremely complex model that required several hours of assembly. Sternberg would probably say that Zamir's style is

Accepted Answer

Sternberg's theory of mental self-government suggests that an individual with an executive style prefers planning and executing tasks, which aligns with Zamir's enjoyment and dedication to assembling complex model rockets.

Question 8

Mr. Sanjabi's kindergarten class attends a computer lab twice each week. He has three educational programs available for his students. He assigns the reading program to those students who have difficulty with language arts. Students with poor math ability practice those skills using the math program. He also has a program that focuses on learning to be considerate and polite toward others. This third program is best described as an example of using technology to develop

Accepted Answer

The third program focuses on learning to be considerate and polite toward others, which aligns with the development of interpersonal intelligence. This type of intelligence involves understanding and interacting effectively with others.

Question 9

For the most part, IQ scores are

Accepted Answer

IQ scores can change over time due to various factors such as education, environment, and life experiences.

Question 10

Maria has a history project to complete. First, she makes a list of the events that relate to her topic. She decides which ones are the most interesting and then creates several sample outlines, each with a different combination of events. She then researches all of the events at the library and on her computer. Last, she selects the outline that will work best, given the information she was able to find on particular topics and how interesting each one was, and revises it if necessary. Now she is ready to begin writing. According to Jerome Kagan, Maria exhibits which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Maria's methodical approach to her project, including making lists, creating outlines, researching, and revising her plan based on the information gathered, demonstrates reflectivity. Reflective individuals think carefully and consider their options before taking action, which is what Maria is doing.

Question 11

When psychologists talk about the consistent ways in which students use their learning abilities to cope with the demands of classroom tasks, they are referring to

Accepted Answer

Learning styles refer to the consistent ways in which students prefer to learn or process information, which influences how they cope with classroom tasks and learning environments.

Question 12

Stephen, a highly creative and intelligent student, is not doing well in school. He has tried to conform to his teacher's methods of instruction and evaluation, and he has discussed with her what instructional changes she might make to allow him to enhance his motivation and performance. However, the teacher is unable to accommodate him because of time constraints. Stephen speaks to his parents about enrolling in a private, alternative school that would offer him a more adaptive learning environment. Sternberg would likely argue that Stephen has a high degree of ____________ intelligence.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Stephen, a highly creative and intelligent student,...

Question 13

Which of the following statements represents the most appropriate application of learning styles research to one's teaching practices?

Accepted Answer

Using a variety of instructional methods addresses the diverse learning preferences of students, allowing them to leverage their strengths and improve in areas where they are less strong. This approach is more inclusive and effective than focusing on matching teaching methods to specific learning styles or intelligences.

Question 14

It has been argued that the concept of intelligence encompasses more than the sum of one's tested abilities. According to the text, which of the following might suggest an aspect of intelligence that is not measured by traditional intelligence tests?

Accepted Answer

Traditional intelligence tests often focus on quantifiable skills such as logic, pattern recognition, and memory. They may not effectively measure more abstract aspects of intelligence like moral reasoning, which is associated with Kohlberg's postconventional stage. This stage involves complex thinking about ethical principles and societal values, which goes beyond the scope of most standardized intelligence assessments.

Question 15

If you decided to design your classroom assessments so they were consistent with the research on learning styles, which of the following would you do?

Accepted Answer

Research on learning styles suggests that individuals learn in different ways and may perform better when assessments are aligned with their preferred learning styles. Therefore, using a variety of assessment methods both within a single test and across all tests, as well as allowing students to choose their preferred assessment method, would be consistent with this research.

Question 16

To avoid putting students with particular learning styles at a disadvantage, teachers should

Accepted Answer

Varying the approach to instruction ensures that all learning styles are accommodated over time, preventing any group of students from being consistently disadvantaged. This method acknowledges the diversity in learning preferences among students.

Question 17

Sophie has the ability to work around impediments, rise above obstacles, and adapt to the most demanding environments. Sternberg might argue that Sophie has ________________ intelligence, which is not assessed on traditional measures of intellectual functioning.

Accepted Answer

Sternberg's theory of intelligence includes three main types: analytical, creative, and practical intelligence. Practical intelligence, as described, involves the ability to adapt to, shape, and select environments to meet both personal goals and the demands of one's everyday life. Sophie's ability to work around impediments and adapt to demanding environments aligns with the definition of practical intelligence, which is not typically assessed in traditional IQ tests or academic achievement tests that focus more on analytical and logical-mathematical skills.

Question 18

Terrel is an outgoing student who gets along with just about everyone and has a reputation for being a good listener. He has decided to run for public office some day. Most people think he will be a successful politician. Given his personal characteristics and occupational goal, what would you be willing to say about Terrel's level of intelligence?

Accepted Answer

Terrel's outgoing personality, ability to get along with others, and ambition to run for public office do not provide direct information about his level of intelligence. Intelligence is a broad concept that includes various cognitive abilities, and it cannot be inferred solely from social skills or career aspirations.

Question 19

Howard Gardner's theory of intelligence is

Accepted Answer

Howard Gardner's theory of intelligence is broader in scope than traditional views because it includes multiple intelligences beyond the linguistic and logical-mathematical intelligence typically valued in traditional IQ tests.

Question 20

According to Howard Gardner's theory of intelligence,

Accepted Answer

Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences proposes that there are seven distinct forms of intelligence, challenging the traditional view of intelligence as a single, general ability. These forms include linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, musical, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, and intrapersonal intelligences.

Quiz 4: Understanding Student Differences